What the left and right anterior fusiform gyri tell us about semantic memory
Abstract
The study of patients with semantic dementia, a variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration, has emerged over the last two decades as an important lesion model for studying human semantic memory. Although it is well-known that semantic dementia is associated with temporal lobe degeneration, controversy remains over whether the semantic deficit is due to diffuse temporal lobe damage, damage to only a sub-region of the temporal lobe or even less severe damage elsewhere in the brain. The manner in which the right and left temporal lobes contribute to semantic knowledge is also not fully elucidated. In this study we used unbiased imaging analyses to correlate resting cerebral glucose metabolism and behavioural scores in tests of verbal and non-verbal semantic memory. In addition, a region of interest analysis was performed to evaluate the role of severely hypometabolic areas. The best, indeed the only, strong predictor of semantic scores across a set of 21 patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with semantic impairment was degree of hypometabolism in the anterior fusiform region subjacent to the head and body of the hippocampus. As hypometabolism in the patients' rostral fusiform was even more extreme than the abnormality in other regions with putative semantic relevance, such as the temporal poles, the significant fusiform correlations cannot be attributed to floor-level function in these other regions. More detailed analysis demonstrated more selective correlations: left anterior fusiform function predicted performance on two expressive verbal tasks, whereas right anterior fusiform metabolism predicted performance on a non-verbal test of associative semantic knowledge. This pattern was further supported by an additional behavioural study performed on a wider cohort of patients with semantic dementia, in which the patients with more extensive right-temporal atrophy (when matched on degree of naming deficit to a set of cases with more extensive left temporal atrophy) were significantly more impaired on the test of non-verbal semantics. Our preferred interpretation of this laterality effect involves differential strength of connectivity between different regions of a widespread semantic network in the human brain.
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Semantic dementia is characterized by profound and amodal loss of semantic memory.
“Semantic dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by the profound and amodal loss of semantic memory in the context of relatively preserved episodic memory.”
From Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia (2012) · cites this paper as Mion et al., 2010
All behavioural results were plotted to ensure that the distribution of scores was not bimodal.
“Given the significant temporal lobe atrophy typically seen in semantic dementia (Mion et al., 2010), all behavioural results were plotted to ensure that the distribution of scores was not bimodal.”
From Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia (2012) · cites this paper as Mion et al., 2010
These patterns of atrophy are consistent with previous reports in semantic dementia and in Alzheimer's disease.
“These patterns of atrophy are consistent with previous reports in semantic dementia (Rosen et al., 2002;Mion et al., 2010) and in Alzheimer's disease (Karas et al., 2004;Dickerson et al., 2009).”
From Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia (2012) · cites this paper as Mion et al., 2010
Semantic knowledge can be generalized to many different contexts, providing undifferentiated conceptual information that is likely to be drawn upon for the construction of future events.
“In contrast, semantic knowledge can be generalized to many different contexts (Mion et al., 2010), providing undifferentiated conceptual information that is likely to be drawn upon for the construction of future events (Binder and Desai, 2011).”
From Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia (2012) · cites this paper as Mion et al., 2010
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A CASE OF PECULIAR AFFECTI0N OF SPEECH, WITH COMMENTARY
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Slowly Progressive Semantic Impairment with Category Specificity
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
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- Visser M, Embleton KV, Jefferies E, Parker GJ, Lambon Ralph MA. The inferior, anterior temporal lobes and semantic memory clarified: novel evidence from distortion-corrected fMRI. Neuropsychologia 2010a; 48: 1689-96.
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The neurobiology of semantic memory
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The neural and computational bases of semantic cognition
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Self-citationHow neurons make meaning: brain mechanisms for embodied and abstract-symbolic semantics
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Jefferies, E. (2013) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2012.10.008 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Noonan, K. A., Jefferies, E., Visser, M., & Lambon Ralph, M. A. (2013) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00442 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia
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Self-citationThe Pivotal Role of Semantic Memory in Remembering the Past and Imagining the Future
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On the right side? A longitudinal study of left- versus right-lateralized semantic dementia
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Semantic dementia and the left and right temporal lobes
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Self-projection and the default network in frontotemporal dementia
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Self-citationCross-sectional associations of tau-PET signal with cognition in cognitively unimpaired adults
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Clinical diagnostic criteria and classification controversies in frontotemporal lobar degeneration
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Disrupted brain connectome in semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia
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The neural correlates of worry in association with individual differences in neuroticism
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Bringing words back to mind – Improving word production in semantic dementia
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Altered functional connectivity of cortical networks in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia
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- Authors
- Mion, M., Patterson, K., Acosta-Cabronero, J., Pengas, G., Izquierdo-Garcia, D., Hong, Y. T., Fryer, T. D., Williams, G. B., Hodges, J. R., & Nestor, P. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Neuroscience Research Australia (AU)
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-10-15
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3256-3268
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- OpenAlex
- W2127130140
- Cited by
- 425
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 19.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0508-10327)
- Medical Research Council
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- semantic memory, semantic dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, brain glucose metabolism, hypometabolism, hemispheric lateralization, semantic networks, temporal lobe atrophy
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Female, Humans, Functional Laterality, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Psychomotor Performance, Temporal Lobe, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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