Allostasis and addiction: role of the dopamine and corticotropin-releasing factor systems

George, Olivier; Le Moal, Michel; Koob, George F.

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.11.004

Cited by 184Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorStress Responses and CortisolNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology

Allostasis and addiction: role of the dopamine and corticotropin-releasing factor systems

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George, Olivier, Le Moal, Michel, Koob, George F.·2012·Physiology & Behavior

DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.11.004PMC PMC3288230

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Abstract

Allostasis, originally conceptualized to explain persistent morbidity of arousal and autonomic function, is defined as the process of achieving stability through physiological or behavioral change. Two types of biological processes have been proposed to describe the mechanisms underlying allostasis in drug addiction, a within-system adaptation and a between-system adaptation. In the within-system process, the drug elicits an opposing, neutralizing reaction within the same system in which the drug elicits its primary and unconditioned reinforcing actions, while in the between-system process, different neurobiological systems that the one initially activated by the drug are recruited. In this review, we will focus our interest on alterations in the dopaminergic and corticotropin releasing factor systems as within-system and between-system neuroadaptations respectively, that underlie the opponent process to drugs of abuse. We hypothesize that repeated compromised activity in the dopaminergic system and sustained activation of the CRF-CRF1R system with withdrawal episodes may lead to an allostatic load contributing significantly to the transition to drug addiction.

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This link is an important concept in addiction and is hypothesized to mediate the relationship between early life stress and increased risk of substance use disorders.
“This is an important concept in the field of addiction (Burke and Miczek, 2014b; George et al., 2012; Sinha, 2008), that is hypothesized to mediate the relationship between ELS and increased risk of substance use disorders (Andersen and Teicher, 2009).”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as George et al., 2012
Repeated altered activity in the DA system and sustained activation of the CRF system leads to allostasis and negative emotional states.
“It has been proposed that repeated altered activity in the DA system and sustained activation of the CRF system leads to AL and negative emotional states [174].”
From Food Addiction and Psychosocial Adversity: Biological Embedding, Contextual Factors, and Public Health Implications (2020) · cites this paper as [174]

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Authors: George, O., Le Moal, M., & Koob, G. F.
Affiliations: Scripps Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author: George, Olivier
ORCID: George, Olivier
Koob, George F.
Venue: Physiology & Behavior
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2012-04
Volume: 106
Issue: 1
Pages: 58-64
ISSN: 0031-9384 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.11.004
PMC: PMC3288230
OpenAlex: W2046914526
Cited by: 184
References: 129
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 6.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Physiology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA008459, AA-06420, AA-08459, P50AA006420, R37AA008459, P60AA006420)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA023597)., R01DA010072, DA04398, DA-10072, R01DA023597, R01DA004398, DA04343, R01DA004043)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Keywords: allostasis, drug addiction, dopaminergic system, corticotropin-releasing factor, CRF1 receptor, opponent processes, neural adaptation, withdrawal, allostatic load, arousal, autonomic function
MeSH terms: Animals, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Dopamine, Humans, Motivation, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Substance-Related Disorders, Allostasis

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Allostasis and addiction: role of the dopamine and corticotropin-releasing factor systems

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