fMRI activation in the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex in unmedicated subjects with major depressive disorder

Townsend, Jennifer D.; Eberhart, Nicole K.; Bookheimer, Susan Y.; Eisenberger, Naomi I.; Foland-Ross, Lara C.; Cook, Ian A.; Sugar, Catherine A.; Altshuler, Lori L.

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.06.001

Cited by 105Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesTreatment of Major DepressionAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

fMRI activation in the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex in unmedicated subjects with major depressive disorder

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Townsend, Jennifer D., Eberhart, Nicole K., Bookheimer, Susan Y., Eisenberger, Naomi I., Foland-Ross, Lara C., Cook, Ian A., Sugar, Catherine A., Altshuler, Lori L.·2010·Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

DOI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.06.001PMC PMC3382985

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Abstract

Although amygdala and frontal lobe functional abnormalities have been reported in patients with mood disorders, the literature regarding major depressive disorder (MDD) is inconsistent. Likely confounds include heterogeneity of patient samples, medication status, and analytic approach. This study evaluated the amygdala and frontal lobe activation in unmedicated MDD patients. Fifteen MDD patients and 15 matched healthy controls were scanned using fMRI during the performance of an emotional face task known to robustly activate the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Whole-brain and region of interest analyses were performed, and correlations between clinical features and activation were examined. Significant amygdala and lateral PFC activation were seen within patient and control groups. In a between-group comparison, patients showed significantly reduced activation in the insula, temporal and occipital cortices. In MDD, the presence of anxiety symptoms was associated with decreased orbitofrontal activation. We found robust activation in both the MDD and control groups in fronto-limbic regions with no significant between-group differences using either analytic approach. The current study replicates previous research on unmedicated subjects showing no significant differences in amygdala function in depressed vs. control subjects with respect to simple tasks involving emotion observation.

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Other work has found no significant amygdala reactivity differences between depressed people and several comparison groups, including healthy controls.
“many other studies have found no significant differences in amygdala reactivity between depressed individuals and various other subgroups, including healthy controls [68-70].”
From Arrested development? Reconsidering dual-systems models of brain function in adolescence and disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [70]

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Authors: Townsend, J. D., Eberhart, N. K., Bookheimer, S. Y., Eisenberger, N. I., Foland-Ross, L. C., Cook, I. A., Sugar, C. A., & Altshuler, L. L.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
RAND Corporation (US)
Corresponding author: Altshuler, Lori L.
ORCID: Townsend, Jennifer D.
Eberhart, Nicole K.
Bookheimer, Susan Y.
Eisenberger, Naomi I.
Cook, Ian A.
Sugar, Catherine A.
Venue: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-09
Volume: 183
Issue: 3
Pages: 209-217
ISSN: 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.06.001
PMC: PMC3382985
OpenAlex: W1997605372
Cited by: 105
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 6.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Justice
Abbott Laboratories
Bristol-Myers Squibb
GlaxoSmithKline
Brain Mapping Support Foundation
Pierson-Lovelace Foundation
National Center for Research Resources (P41RR013642, RR 13642, RR00865, M01RR000865, C06RR012169)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: major depressive disorder, amygdala activation, orbitofrontal cortex, prefrontal cortex, untreated depression, emotional face processing, anxiety symptoms, insula
MeSH terms: Adult, Amygdala, Brain Mapping, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Emotions, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Photic Stimulation, Statistics as Topic

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fMRI activation in the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex in unmedicated subjects with major depressive disorder

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