CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 331Sleep and related disordersObstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Persons with Comorbid Insomnia: A Meta-Analysis

Geiger-Brown, Jeanne M., Rogers, Valerie E., Liu, Wen, Ludeman, Emilie M., Downton, Katherine D., Diaz-Abad, Montserrat·2015·Sleep Medicine Reviews
DOI 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.11.007
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is effective for treatment of primary insomnia. There has been no synthesis of studies quantifying this effect on insomnia comorbid with medical and psychiatric disorders using rigorous selection criteria. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of CBT-I in studies including patients with medical or psychiatric disorders. Studies were identified from 1985 through February 2014 using multiple databases and bibliography searches. Inclusion was limited to randomized controlled trials of CBT-I in adult patients with insomnia diagnosed using standardized criteria, who additionally had a comorbid medical or psychiatric condition. Twenty-three studies including 1379 patients met inclusion criteria. Based on weighted mean differences, CBT-I improved subjective sleep quality post-treatment, with large treatment effects for the insomnia severity index and Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Sleep diaries showed a 20 min reduction in sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset, 17 min improvement in total sleep time, and 9% improvement in sleep efficiency post-treatment, similar to findings of meta-analyses of CBT-I in older adults. Treatment effects were durable up to 18 mo. Results of actigraphy were similar to but of smaller magnitude than subjective measures. CBT-I is an effective, durable treatment for comorbid insomnia.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.11.007

Cites

95 of 95 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The improvements in ISI insomnia symptoms are consistent with those reported in a meta-analysis of CBT-I in non-autistic populations (Geiger-Brown et al., 2015).

    “The improvements in ISI insomnia symptoms are consistent with those reported in a metaanalysis of CBT-I in non-autistic populations (Geiger-Brown et al ., 2015).”

    From ACT-i, an insomnia intervention for autistic adults: A pilot study (2023) · cites this paper as Geiger-Brown et al., 2015

  • CBT for insomnia is recognised as the treatment of choice for insomnia, both in isolated form or as a comorbidity, in psychiatric populations, among the elderly, and when delivered remotely.

    “CBT-I is recognised as being the treatment of choice for insomnia [93], both in isolated form or as a comorbidity [94], in psychiatric populations [95], among the elderly [96,97], and delivered remotely [98].”

    From Cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for the discontinuation of long-term benzodiazepine use in insomnia and anxiety disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [94]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 96 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Geiger-Brown, J. M., Rogers, V. E., Liu, W., Ludeman, E. M., Downton, K. D., & Diaz-Abad, M.
Affiliations
University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
Corresponding author
Geiger-Brown, Jeanne M.
ORCID
Venue
Sleep Medicine Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-10
Volume
23
Pages
54-67
ISSN
1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.smrv.2014.11.007
OpenAlex
W1993723067
Cited by
331
References
96
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 10
FWCI
2.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, comorbid insomnia, sleep quality, sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, actigraphy, treatment durability, Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
MeSH terms
Adult, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Comorbidity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review