Mechanisms of top-down attention
Abstract
Attention exhibits characteristic neural signatures in brain regions that process sensory signals. An important area of future research is to understand the nature of top-down signals that facilitate attentional guidance towards behaviorally relevant locations and features. In this review, we discuss recent studies that have made progress towards understanding: (i) the brain structures and circuits involved in attentional allocation; (ii) top-down attention pathways, particularly as elucidated by microstimulation and lesion studies; (iii) top-down modulatory influences involving subcortical structures and reward systems; (iv) plausible substrates and embodiments of top-down signals; and (v) information processing and theoretical constraints that might be helpful in guiding future experiments. Understanding top-down attention is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms by which we can filter sensory information to pay attention to the most behaviorally relevant events.
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The ventral stream involves salient visual processing.
“while the latter involves salient visual processing [36].”
From Dawn simulation light impacts on different cognitive domains under sleep restriction (2015) · cites this paper as [36]
Within the dorsal stream, attention is 'encoded' by neurons involved in spatial attention/feature-based attention, such as the orientation of an object or a moving dot.
“Within the dorsal stream, attention is 'encoded' by neurons involved in spatial attention/feature-based attention, such as the orientation of an object or a moving dot [36].”
From Dawn simulation light impacts on different cognitive domains under sleep restriction (2015) · cites this paper as [36]
The dorsal stream is associated with motion processing (medial temporal and superior temporal, and also parietal cortices).
“The former is associated to motion processing (medial temporal and superior temporal, and also parietal cortices)”
From Dawn simulation light impacts on different cognitive domains under sleep restriction (2015) · cites this paper as [36]
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“Or, alternatively, does the top-down feedback carry higher bandwidth information regarding both stimuli and actions, conveyed by neurons with combined responses (Baluch and Itti, 2011)?”
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Précis on <i>The Cognitive-Emotional Brain</i>
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Dawn simulation light impacts on different cognitive domains under sleep restriction
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- Authors
- Baluch, F., & Itti, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Itti, Laurent
- ORCID
- Itti, Laurent
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 210-224
- ISSN
- 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2165728411
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 2.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Keywords
- top-down attention, attention allocation, attention guidance, microstimulation, lesion studies, subcortical structures, reward systems, sensory filtering
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention, Brain, Brain Mapping, Computer Simulation, Humans, Neural Pathways, Visual Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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