Précis on The Cognitive-Emotional Brain
Abstract
In The Cognitive-Emotional Brain (Pessoa 2013), I describe the many ways that emotion and cognition interact and are integrated in the brain. The book summarizes five areas of research that support this integrative view and makes four arguments to organize each area. (1) Based on rodent and human data, I propose that the amygdala's functions go beyond emotion as traditionally conceived. Furthermore, the processing of emotion-laden information is capacity limited, thus not independent of attention and awareness. (2) Cognitive-emotional interactions in the human prefrontal cortex (PFC) assume diverse forms and are not limited to mutual suppression. Particularly, the lateral PFC is a focal point for cognitive-emotional interactions. (3) Interactions between motivation and cognition can be seen across a range of perceptual and cognitive tasks. Motivation shapes behavior in specific ways--for example, by reducing response conflict or via selective effects on working memory. Traditional accounts, by contrast, typically describe motivation as a global activation independent of particular control demands. (4) Perception and cognition are directly influenced by information with affective or motivational content in powerful ways. A dual competition model outlines a framework for such interactions at the perceptual and executive levels. A specific neural architecture is proposed that embeds emotional and motivational signals into perception and cognition through multiple channels. (5) A network perspective should supplant the strategy of understanding the brain in terms of individual regions. More broadly, in a network view of brain architecture, "emotion" and "cognition" may be used as labels of certain behaviors, but will not map cleanly into compartmentalized pieces of the brain.
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The amygdala and hippocampus regulate threat detection and emotional salience.
“Amygdala and hippocampus govern emotional regulation and reactivity, memory consolidation, contextual awareness, spatial navigation, (Eichenbaum, 2017; Pessoa, 2015), regulate threat detection and emotional salience (Pessoa, 2015).”
From Enhancement of modern defense capabilities by convergence of cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence (2026) · cites this paper as Pessoa, 2015
The prefrontal cortex allows cognitive flexibility, enabling adaptation to new information or changing circumstances.
“The PFC allows cognitive flexibility, enabling individuals to adapt their thinking and strategies in response to new information or changing circumstances (Miller and Cummings, 2018; Pessoa, 2015).”
From Enhancement of modern defense capabilities by convergence of cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence (2026) · cites this paper as Pessoa, 2015
The amygdala and hippocampus govern emotional regulation and reactivity, memory consolidation, contextual awareness, and spatial navigation.
“Amygdala and hippocampus govern emotional regulation and reactivity, memory consolidation, contextual awareness, spatial navigation, (Eichenbaum, 2017; Pessoa, 2015), regulate threat detection and emotional salience (Pessoa, 2015).”
From Enhancement of modern defense capabilities by convergence of cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence (2026) · cites this paper as Pessoa, 2015
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“Amygdala and hippocampus govern emotional regulation and reactivity, memory consolidation, contextual awareness, spatial navigation, (Eichenbaum, 2017; Pessoa, 2015), regulate threat detection and emotional salience (Pessoa, 2015).”
- Authors
- Pessoa, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pessoa, Luiz
- ORCID
- Pessoa, Luiz
- Venue
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2014-06-10
- Volume
- 38
- Pages
- e71-e71
- ISSN
- 0140-525X (ISSN-L)
- 1469-1825
- OpenAlex
- W2023870039
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 195
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH071589, R01MH071589)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- emotion-cognition interaction, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, motivation, working memory, response conflict, perceptual processing, executive function, brain networks, capacity constraints, attention and awareness
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Cognition, Emotions, Humans
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