Information processing in social phobia
Abstract
Cognitive theories suggest that information processing biases play a central role in the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. The present article reviews recent studies of information processing biases in social phobia and considers the significance of the findings for understanding the persistence of the condition. Taken together, the studies suggest that social phobia is characterized by biases in the following: interpretation of external social events; detection of negative responses from other people; the balance of attention between external and self-processing; the use of internal information to make inferences about how one appears to others; recall of negative information about one's perceived, observable self; and by a variety of problematic anticipatory and post-event types of processing. If such biases play a role in maintaining social anxiety, experimental manipulation of the biases should modulate anxiety responses. Several recent studies have confirmed this prediction, but further research is required. Methodological limitations of existing information processing studies are highlighted. Finally, possible neurobiological correlates are discussed and suggestions are made for future attempts to link neurobiology and cognitive psychology.
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“Several models of SAD emphasize the role of difficulties in ER, mainly decreased emotional awareness, emotional hyper-reactivity, and difficulty regulating the emotional experience (Clark and Wells, 1995; Rapee and Heimberg, 1997; Clark and McManus, 2002; Goldin et al., 2009).”
Background
- Authors
- Clark, D. M., & McManus, F.
- Corresponding author
- Clark, David M.
- ORCID
- Clark, David M.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 92-100
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1983106272
- Cited by
- 416
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 3.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, social anxiety, information processing biases, self-processing, self-perception, anticipatory processing, post-event processing, anxiety maintenance, neurobiology of anxiety
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Memory Disorders, Phobic Disorders
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