Oxytocin and Social Adaptation: Insights from Neuroimaging Studies of Healthy and Clinical Populations
Abstract
Adaptation to the social environment is critical for human survival. The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT), implicated in social cognition and emotions pivotal to sociality and well-being, is a promising pharmacological target for social and emotional dysfunction. We suggest here that the multifaceted role of OT in socio-affective processes improves the capability for social adaptation. We review OT effects on socio-affective processes, with a focus on OT-neuroimaging studies, to elucidate neuropsychological mechanisms through which OT promotes social adaptation. We also review OT-neuroimaging studies of individuals with social deficits and suggest that OT ameliorates impaired social adaptation by normalizing hyper- or hypo-brain activity. The social adaption model (SAM) provides an integrative understanding of discrepant OT effects and the modulations of OT action by personal milieu and context.
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In humans, intranasal oxytocin produces stronger effects on cooperation in less socially proficient individuals.
“In humans, it has been suggested that individual differences in oxytocin effects are adaptive depending on an individual's social disposition 21 such that intranasal oxytocin produces stronger effects on cooperation in less socially proficient individuals 4 .”
From Oxytocin modulates social value representations in the amygdala (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
Oxytocin is believed to facilitate social approach and to increase the salience of social cues in promoting adaptive social behaviors.
“Oxytocin is believed to facilitate social approach and to increase the salience of social cues in promoting adaptive social behaviors 21 .”
From Oxytocin modulates social value representations in the amygdala (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
Oxytocin has been implicated in many social behaviors, from promoting trust, generosity and cooperation to aggravating mistrust and aggressive behavior.
“Oxytocin has been implicated in many social behaviors, from promoting trust, generosity and cooperation 21,22,46,47 to aggravating mistrust and aggressive behavior 48,49 .”
From Oxytocin modulates social value representations in the amygdala (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
Seemingly contradictory oxytocin effects may be moderated by poorly understood individual and contextual differences.
“Seemingly contradictory oxytocin effects may be moderated by poorly understood individual and contextual differences 21,24 .”
From Oxytocin modulates social value representations in the amygdala (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
Only male participants were recruited for the oxytocin-fMRI and behavioral oxytocin-replication experiments to avoid potential confounds of sex differences in oxytocin effects.
“For the oxytocin-fMRI and behavioral oxytocin-replication experiments, we recruited only male participants to avoid potential confounds of sex differences in oxytocin effects 21,51 , consistent with previous studies examining oxytocin effects on social cognition.”
From Oxytocin modulates social value representations in the amygdala (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
The social adaptation model posits that a fundamental function of OT is to promote adaptation to the social environment by modifying cognitive processes and emotional responses and adjusting behaviors.
“The social adaptation model (5) posits that a fundamental function of OT is to promote adaptation to the social environment, by modifying cognitive processes and emotional responses and adjusting behaviors.”
From Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
The social adaption model of OT function proposed stronger OT effect on social processes in less socially adapted individuals.
“The social adaption model of OT function proposed stronger OT effect on social processes in less socially adapted individuals (5).”
From Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
The findings that OT increased updates from desirable feedback and reduced updates from undesirable feedback fit well with the social adaptation model.
“Thus, our findings that OT increased updates from desirable feedback but reduced updates from undesirable feedback fit well with the social adaptation model (5).”
From Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
Our results were consistent with previous findings of distinct OT effects on positive and negative social-affective processes.
“Our results were consistent with previous findings of distinct OT effects on positive and negative social-affective processes (5).”
From Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
IN-OT facilitated responses to positive social cues, increased positive social memory, and promoted positive value transmission to social interactions.
“IN-OT facilitated responses to positive social cues, increased positive social memory, and promoted positive value transmission to social interactions (5, 15, 33).”
From Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
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“The interaction between OT and early life stress may reflect the maladaptive social behavioral patterns [19,25,116] and interference with the endogenous oxytocinergic system [117] that childhood adverse events can produce.”
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Yamasue, H., Okada, T., Munesue, T., Kuroda, M., Fujioka, T., Uno, Y., Matsumoto, K., Kuwabara, H., Mori, D., Okamoto, Y., et al. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0097-2 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
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Oxytocin promotes attention to social cues regardless of group membership
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Ma, Y., Shamay-Tsoory, S., Han, S., & Zink, C. F.
- Affiliations
- Beijing Normal University (CN)
- Peking University (CN)
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ma, Yina
- ORCID
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-02
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 133-145
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2178596365
- Semantic Scholar
- 172d43579021bee7eff984b7cc0620d645c10950
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 137
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- oxytocin, social adaptation, social cognition, social dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Animals, Brain, Humans, Models, Neurological, Models, Psychological, Oxytocin, Social Behavior
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