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IRAK-M Is a Negative Regulator of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
Open accessAbstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect microorganisms and protect multicellular organisms from infection. TLRs transduce their signals through MyD88 and the serine/threonine kinase IRAK. The IRAK family consists of two active kinases, IRAK and IRAK-4, and two inactive kinases, IRAK-2 and IRAK-M. IRAK-M expression is restricted to monocytes/macrophages, whereas other IRAKs are ubiquitous. We show here that IRAK-M is induced upon TLR stimulation and negatively regulates TLR signaling. IRAK-M prevented dissociation of IRAK and IRAK-4 from MyD88 and formation of IRAK-TRAF6 complexes. IRAK-M(-/-) cells exhibited increased cytokine production upon TLR/IL-1 stimulation and bacterial challenge, and IRAK-M(-/-) mice showed increased inflammatory responses to bacterial infection. Endotoxin tolerance, a protection mechanism against endotoxin shock, was significantly reduced in IRAK-M(-/-) cells. Thus, IRAK-M regulates TLR signaling and innate immune homeostasis.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kobayashi, K., Hernandez, L. D., Galán, J. E., Janeway, C. A., Medzhitov, R., & Flavell, R. A.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 191-202
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4248219898
- Cited by
- 1,286
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 20.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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