Cited by 676Diabetes and associated disordersDiabetes Management and ResearchT-cell and B-cell Immunology

Environmental risk factors for type 1 diabetes

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Rewers, Marian, Ludvigsson, Johnny·2016·The Lancet

Abstract

The incidence of type 1 diabetes has risen considerably in the past 30 years due to changes in the environment that have been only partially identified. In this Series paper, we critically discuss candidate triggers of islet autoimmunity and factors thought to promote progression from autoimmunity to overt type 1 diabetes. We revisit previously proposed hypotheses to explain the growth in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in light of current data. Finally, we suggest a unified model in which immune tolerance to β cells can be broken by several environmental exposures that induce generation of hybrid peptides acting as neoautoantigens.

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Authors
Rewers, M., & Ludvigsson, J.
Affiliations
  • University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
  • Linköping University (SE)
Corresponding author
Ludvigsson, Johnny
Venue
The Lancet
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-06
Volume
387
Issue
10035
Pages
2340-2348
ISSN
  • 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
  • 0140-6736
OpenAlex
W2416473596
Cited by
676
References
136
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 83 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 88 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 7
FWCI
7.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Lancet (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 32493, R01DK032493, R37DK032493)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Keywords
type 1 diabetes, environmental risk factors, islet autoimmunity, disease incidence, hybrid peptides, environmental exposure
MeSH terms
Animals, Autoantigens, Birth Weight, Breast Feeding, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diet, Environment, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Growth, Humans, Hygiene, Infant, Infant Food, Milk, Risk Factors, RNA, Toxins, Biological, Vaccines, Vitamin D, Autoimmunity, Insulin-Secreting Cells

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