AU-rich elements: characterization and importance in mRNA degradation

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mRNA stability in mammalian cells

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Regulation of Lymphokine Messenger RNA Stability by a Surface-Mediated T Cell Activation Pathway

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Transient accumulation of c-fos RNA following serum stimulation requires a conserved 5′ element and c-fos 3′ sequences

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Removal of poly(A) and consequent degradation of c-fos mRNA facilitated by 3′ AU-rich sequences

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Degradation of mRNA in eukaryotes

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Two distinct destabilizing elements in the c-fos message trigger deadenylation as a first step in rapid mRNA decay.Preprint

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The Nonamer UUAUUUAUU Is the Key AU-Rich Sequence Motif That Mediates mRNA Degradation

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Purification, Characterization, and cDNA Cloning of an AU-Rich Element RNA-Binding Protein, AUF1

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Identification of an AUUUA-Specific Messenger RNA Binding Protein

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An A + U-rich element RNA-binding factor regulates c-myc mRNA stability in vitro.

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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Selectively Binds AU-rich RNA in the NAD+-binding Region (Rossmann Fold)

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Poly(A), poly(A) binding protein and the regulation of mRNA stability

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Hel-N1: an Autoimmune RNA-Binding Protein with Specificity for 3' Uridylate-Rich Untranslated Regions of Growth Factor mRNAs

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AUUUA Is Not Sufficient To Promote Poly(A) Shortening and Degradation of an mRNA: the Functional Sequence within AU-Rich Elements May Be UUAUUUA(U/A)(U/A)

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Rapid Cytoplasmic Turnover of c-myc mRNA: Requirement of the 3′ Untranslated Sequences

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An Inducible Cytoplasmic Factor (AU-B) Binds Selectively to AUUUA Multimers in the 3′ Untranslated Region of Lymphokine mRNA

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mRNA Decay Mediated by Two Distinct AU-Rich Elements from c- fos and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Transcripts: Different Deadenylation Kinetics and Uncoupling from Translation

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Selective Degradation of Early-Response-Gene mRNAs: Functional Analyses of Sequence Features of the AU-Rich Elements

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GM-CSF and oncogene mRNA stabilities are independently regulated in trans in a mouse monocytic tumor

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Association of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 and C proteins with reiterated AUUUA sequences.

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Rapid cytoplasmic turnover of c-myc mRNA: requirement of the 3' untranslated sequences.

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AUUUA is not sufficient to promote poly(A) shortening and degradation of an mRNA: the functional sequence within AU-rich elements may be UUAUUUA(U/A)(U/A).

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Interplay of two functionally and structurally distinct domains of the c- fos AU-rich element specifies its mRNA-destabilizing function

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Evidence for instability of mRNAs containing AUUUA motifs mediated through translation-dependent assembly of a > 20S degradation complex.Preprint

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The AU-rich sequences in the 3' untranslated region mediate the increased turnover of interferon mRNA induced by glucocorticoids.

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Selective degradation of early-response-gene mRNAs: functional analyses of sequence features of the AU-rich elements.

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3'-UTR-dependent deadenylation by the yeast poly(A) nuclease.Preprint

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The half-life of c-myc mRNA in growing and serum-stimulated cells: influence of the coding and 3' untranslated regions and role of ribosome translocation.

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Selective Destabilization of Short-Lived mRNAs with the Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor AU-Rich 3' Noncoding Region Is Mediated by a Cotranslational Mechanism

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Regulation of Granulocyte- and Monocyte-colony Stimulating Factor mRNA Levels in Human Blood Monocytes Is Mediated Primarily at a Post-transcriptional Level

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Transcriptional and posttranscriptional modulation of myeloid colony-stimulating factor expression by tumor necrosis factor and other agents.

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Cyclosporin A inhibits growth of autocrine tumour cell lines by destabilizing interleukin-3 mRNA

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Regulation of proto-oncogene mRNA stability

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Functional hierarchy of AUUUA motifs in mediating rapid interleukin-3 mRNA decay.

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Interplay of two functionally and structurally distinct domains of the c-fos AU-rich element specifies its mRNA-destabilizing function.

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AU-A, an RNA-binding activity distinct from hnRNP A1, is selective for AUUUA repeats and shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

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Selective destabilization of short-lived mRNAs with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor AU-rich 3' noncoding region is mediated by a cotranslational mechanism.

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Rapid mRNA Degradation Mediated by the c- fos 3′ AU-Rich Element and That Mediated by the Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor 3′ AU-Rich Element Occur through Similar Polysome-Associated Mechanisms

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Ca2+ ionophore A23187-dependent stabilization of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor messenger RNA in murine thymoma EL-4 cells is mediated through two distinct regions in the 3’-untranslated region

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Isolation and characterization of a novel, low abundance hnRNP protein: A0.

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Interleukin-3 mRNA Stabilization by a trans-Acting Mechanism in Autocrine Tumors Lacking Interleukin-3 Gene Rearrangements

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IL‐6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease

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Switching from Repression to Activation: MicroRNAs Can Up-Regulate Translation

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mRNA-based therapeutics--developing a new class of drugs

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Systematic discovery of regulatory motifs in human promoters and 3′ UTRs by comparison of several mammals

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Widespread Shortening of 3′UTRs by Alternative Cleavage and Polyadenylation Activates Oncogenes in Cancer Cells

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mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases: principles, delivery and clinical translation

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Impaired On/Off Regulation of TNF Biosynthesis in Mice Lacking TNF AU-Rich Elements

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Molecular control of vertebrate iron metabolism: mRNA-based regulatory circuits operated by iron, nitric oxide, and oxidative stress.

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HuR and mRNA stability

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AU-rich elements and associated factors: are there unifying principles?

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A large-scale analysis of mRNA polyadenylation of human and mouse genes

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Overexpression of HuR, a nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling protein, increases the in vivo stability of ARE-containing mRNAs

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Regulatory T-cell functions are subverted and converted owing to attenuated Foxp3 expression

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Tools for translation: non-viral materials for therapeutic mRNA delivery

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The p38 MAP kinase pathway signals for cytokine‐induced mRNA stabilization via MAP kinase‐activated protein kinase 2 and an AU‐rich region‐targeted mechanism

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Biochemistry and molecular biology of gelatinase B or matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9): The next decade

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Vascular endothelial growth factor in eye disease

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The cap-to-tail guide to mRNA turnover

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RNA stabilization by the AU‐rich element binding protein, HuR, an ELAV protein

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AU Binding Proteins Recruit the Exosome to Degrade ARE-Containing mRNAs

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Evidence that Tristetraprolin Binds to AU-Rich Elements and Promotes the Deadenylation and Destabilization of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha mRNA

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Regulation of mRNA stability in mammalian cells

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A small piece in the cancer puzzle: microRNAs as tumor suppressors and oncogenes

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THE HIV-1 REV PROTEIN

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Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and p38 Subgroups of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Regulate Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene Expression in Endotoxin-Stimulated Primary Glial Cultures

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TWEAK, a New Secreted Ligand in the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family That Weakly Induces Apoptosis

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Intracellular functions of galectins

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Patterns of Variant Polyadenylation Signal Usage in Human GenesPreprint

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Regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA decay

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Hypoxic Stabilization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor mRNA by the RNA-binding Protein HuR

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Mechanisms of miRNA-Mediated Gene Regulation from Common Downregulation to mRNA-Specific Upregulation

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Database for mRNA Half-Life of 19 977 Genes Obtained by DNA Microarray Analysis of Pluripotent and Differentiating Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

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Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression by the untranslated gene regions and other non-coding elements

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Progressive lengthening of 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs by alternative polyadenylation during mouse embryonic development

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Regulation by 3′-Untranslated Regions

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Diverse molecular functions of Hu proteins

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Genome-wide screening and functional analysis identify a large number of long noncoding RNAs involved in the sexual reproduction of rice

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vrille, Pdp1, and dClock Form a Second Feedback Loop in the Drosophila Circadian Clock

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HuR Regulates p21 mRNA Stabilization by UV Light

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The 3′ untranslated region of messenger RNA: A molecular ‘hotspot’ for pathology?

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Phosphorylation of HuR by Chk2 Regulates SIRT1 Expression

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MK2‐induced tristetraprolin:14‐3‐3 complexes prevent stress granule association and ARE‐mRNA decay

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Posttranscriptional Upregulation by MicroRNAs

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Identification of a target RNA motif for RNA-binding protein HuR

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CPEB-Mediated Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation and the Regulation of Experience-Dependent Translation of α-CaMKII mRNA at Synapses

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A Highly Structured, Nuclease-Resistant, Noncoding RNA Produced by Flaviviruses Is Required for Pathogenicity

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Recruitment and activation of mRNA decay enzymes by two ARE-mediated decay activation domains in the proteins TTP and BRF-1Preprint

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HNS, a nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling sequence in HuR

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Analysis of Upstream Elements in the HuC Promoter Leads to the Establishment of Transgenic Zebrafish with Fluorescent Neurons

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A KH Domain RNA Binding Protein, KSRP, Promotes ARE-Directed mRNA Turnover by Recruiting the Degradation Machinery

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CFIm25 links alternative polyadenylation to glioblastoma tumour suppression

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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 Controls the Expression and Posttranslational Modification of Tristetraprolin, a Regulator of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha mRNA Stability

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