Fruit polyphenols, immunity and inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Flavonoids are a large class of naturally occurring compounds widely present in fruits, vegetables and beverages derived from plants. These molecules have been reported to possess a wide range of activities in the prevention of common diseases, including CHD, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, gastrointestinal disorders and others. The effects appear to be related to the various biological/pharmacological activities of flavonoids. A large number of publications suggest immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds. However, almost all studies are in vitro studies with limited research on animal models and scarce data from human studies. The majority of in vitro research has been carried out with single flavonoids, generally aglycones, at rather supraphysiological concentrations. Few studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of physiologically attainable flavonoid concentrations in healthy subjects, and more epidemiological studies and prospective randomised trials are still required. This review summarises evidence for the effects of fruit and tea flavonoids and their metabolites in inflammation and immunity. Mechanisms of effect are discussed, including those on enzyme function and regulation of gene and protein expression. Animal work is included, and evidence from epidemiological studies and human intervention trials is reviewed. Biological relevance and functional benefits of the reported effects, such as resistance to infection or exercise performance, are also discussed.
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A proposed anti-inflammatory mechanism of phenolic compounds is an ability to inhibit activation of NADPH oxidase and subsequent generation of ROS in activated glia.
“an ability to inhibit the activation of NADPH oxidase and subsequent generation of ROS in activated glia”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
A proposed anti-inflammatory mechanism of phenolic compounds is an inhibitory role in the release of cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α from activated glia.
“an inhibitory role in the release of cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, from activated glia”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
A proposed anti-inflammatory mechanism of phenolic compounds is an inhibitory action against iNOS induction and subsequent NO production in response to glial activation.
“an inhibitory action against inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction and subsequent NO production in response to glial activation”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
A proposed anti-inflammatory mechanism of phenolic compounds is inhibitory activity regulation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as NF-κB through modulation of various glial and neuronal signaling pathways.
“an inhibitory activity regulation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB through the modulation of various glial and neuronal signaling pathways [158,159].”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
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“For example, flavonoids are biologically active polyphe-nolic compounds ubiquitously found in plant-based foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (140,141) .”
- Authors
- González-Gallego, J., García-Mediavilla, M. V., Sánchez-Campos, S., & Tuñón, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Tuñón, María J.
- ORCID
- Tuñón, María J.
- Venue
- British Journal Of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- S3
- Pages
- S15-S27
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2107837447
- Cited by
- 387
- References
- 131
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Flavonoids in Medical Research
- Keywords
- flavonoids, fruit polyphenols, tea flavonoids, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory activity, inflammation, flavonoid metabolites, gene expression regulation, enzyme regulation, infection resistance, exercise performance, disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Diet, Flavonoids, Fruit, Humans, Immunity, Immunologic Factors, Inflammation, Phytotherapy, Phenols, Plant Extracts, Tea, Polyphenols
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