Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifera to Bio-oil
Abstract
Marine macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifera, one of the main algae genera for green tide, was converted to bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction in a batch reactor at temperatures of 220−320 °C. The liquefaction products were separated into a dichloromethane-soluble fraction (bio-oil), water-soluble fraction, solid residue, and gaseous fraction. Effects of the temperature, reaction time, and Na 2 CO 3 catalyst on the yields of liquefaction products were investigated. A moderate temperature of 300 °C with 5 wt % Na 2 CO 3 and reaction time of 30 min led to the highest bio-oil yield of 23.0 wt %. The raw algae and liquefaction products were analyzed using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS), and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The higher heating values (HHVs) of bio-oils obtained at 300 °C were around 28−30 MJ/kg. The bio-oil was a complex mixture of ketones, aldehydes, phenols, alkenes, fatty acids, esters, aromatics, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Acetic acid was the main component of the water-soluble products. The results might be helpful to find a possible strategy for use of byproducts of green tide as feedstock for bio-oil production, which should be beneficial for environmental protection and renewable energy development.
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Zhou et al. (2010) [43] and Shuping et al. (2010) [44] are the most-cited Chinese articles with 380 and 304 citations respectively.
“On the other hand, Zhou et al. (2010) [43] and Shuping et al., (2010) [44] are the most-cited Chinese articles with 380 and 304 citations respectively.”
From Research Progress, Trends, and Future Prospects on Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae for Biocrude Production: A Bibliometric Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Zhou, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Fu, H., & Chen, J.
- Affiliations
- Fudan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Shicheng
- Chen, Jianmin
- Venue
- Energy & Fuels
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2010-06-11
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 4054-4061
- ISSN
- 0887-0624 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5029
- OpenAlex
- W2053475051
- Cited by
- 531
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 16.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Energy & Fuels (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Coal Properties and Utilization
- Keywords
- hydrothermal liquefaction, Enteromorpha prolifera, seaweed, bio-oil, green tide, Na2CO3 catalyst, bio-oil composition, higher heating value, reaction temperature and time effects
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