The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distinct and Overlapping Features of Rumination and Worry: The Relationship of Cognitive Production to Negative Affective States
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Worry and rumination are theoretically related because both involve dysphoric repetitive thinking experienced as uncontrollable.
“Worry and rumination had been theoretically related as they are both linked to the presence of dysphoric repetitive thinking experienced as uncontrollable (Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002)”
From The Argentinian version of the cognitive fusion questionnaire: Psychometric properties and the role of cognitive fusion as a predictor of pathological worry (2022) · cites this paper as Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002
Cognitive avoidance such as rumination or worry emerges from early and ongoing stress of the type disproportionately faced by gay and bisexual men.
“Cognitive avoidance, such as rumination or worry (Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002), represents another avoidance strategy emerging from early and ongoing stress of the type disproportionately faced by gay and bisexual men (Hatzenbuehler, McLaughlin, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2008b)”
From A transdiagnostic minority stress treatment approach for gay and bisexual men's syndemic health conditions (2015) · cites this paper as Fresco et al., 2002
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,842
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,415
Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire
Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90135-6 · Cited by 5,099
Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments.
Floyd, F. J., & Widaman, K. F. (1995) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.286 · Cited by 3,970
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.115 · Cited by 3,276
Preliminary exploration of worry: Some characteristics and processes
Borkovec, T. D., Robinson, E., Pruzinsky, T., & DePree, J. A. (1983) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(83)90121-3 · Cited by 1,468
(2004) · Cited by 863
Worry and rumination: Repetitive thought as a concomitant and predictor of negative mood
Segerstrom, S. C., Tsao, J. C. I., Alden, L. E., & Craske, M. G. (2000) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1005587311498 · Cited by 599
(1994) · Cited by 553
Worrying: Perspectives on theory, assessment and treatment.
Davey, G. C. L., & Tallis, F. (1994) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 451
Computational Handbook of Satistics
Bruning, J. L., & Kintz, B. L. (1987) · Cited by 391
Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (2012) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t13679-000 · Cited by 302
Computational Handbook of Satistics
Bruning, J. L., & Kintz, B. L. (1987) · Cited by 174
Ruminative Coping with Depression
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511527869.011 · Cited by 172
Pathological worry in major depression: a preliminary report
Starčević, V. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(93)e0028-4 · Cited by 156
Confirmatory factor analysis of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire
Fresco, D. M., Heimberg, R. G., Mennin, D. S., & Turk, C. L. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00113-3 · Cited by 149
Self-citationEffects of active and passive rumination and distraction: A pilot replication with anxious mood
Blagden, J. C., & Craske, M. G. (1996) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/0887-6185(96)00009-6 · Cited by 139
Content Analysis of Worrisome Streams of Consciousness in Anxious and Dysphoric Participants
Molina, S., Borkovec, T. D., Peasley, C., & Person, D. C. (1998) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1018772104808 · Cited by 68
Flagged first, then by citations
5 of the 23 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Barlow, D. H. (1988). Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. New York: Guilford.
- Bruning, J. L., & Kintz, B. L. (1987). Computational handbook of statistics (3rd ed.). Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman and Company.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x · Cited by 5,172
“…& Koenig, 1996; Segerstrom et al., 2000; for significant cross-sectional relationships between rumination and anxiety, see Abbott & Rapee, 2004; Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Ha-rrington & Blankenship, 2002; Kocovski, Endler, Rector, & Flett, 2005; Muris, Roelofs, Rassin,…”
BackgroundInfluentialConstructive and unconstructive repetitive thought
Watkins, E. R. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.163 · Cited by 2,421
“Factor analyses of the RSQ have identified distinct subtypes of depressive rumination: Brooding versus Reflective Pondering (Treynor et al., 2003), Dwelling on the Negative versus Active Cognitive Appraisal (Fresco et al., 2002), and Symptom-Focused Rumination versus Introspection versus Self-Blame (Roberts et al., 19…”
BackgroundCognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders
Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143916 · Cited by 2,100
“In a related study, factors extracted from worry and rumination questionnaires (worry engagement and dwelling on the negative) were found to be equally correlated with anxious and depressed mood (Fresco et al. 2002).”
BackgroundGu, J., Strauss, C., Bond, R., & Cavanagh, K. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.01.006 · Cited by 1,712
Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology: The Role of Gender
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2012) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143109 · Cited by 1,413
“Rumination has also been shown to predict symptoms of anxiety (Clohessy & Ehlers 1999, Fresco et al. 2002, Harrington & Blankenship 2002, Mayou et al. 2002, Nolen-Hoeksema 2000, Nolen- Hoeksema & Morrow 1991, Schwartz & Koenig 1996, Segerstrom et al. 2000).”
BackgroundRepetitive Negative Thinking as a Transdiagnostic Process
Ehring, T., & Watkins, E. R. (2008) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2008.1.3.192 · Cited by 1,172
Mental imagery in emotion and emotional disorders
Holmes, E. A., & Mathews, A. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.001 · Cited by 976
Ehring, T., Zetsche, U., Weidacker, K., Wahl, K., Schönfeld, S., & Ehlers, A. (2011) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.12.003 · Cited by 888
Rumination as a transdiagnostic factor in depression and anxiety
McLaughlin, K. A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.12.006 · Cited by 842
Smith, J. M., & Alloy, L. B. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.10.003 · Cited by 908
“Rumination and worry overlap in their relationships to anxiety and depression, although some studies do indicate specificity of rumination to depression and worry to anxiety (Fresco et al., 2002; McLaughlin et al., 2007; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000).”
ResultMichl, L. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Shepherd, K., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031994 · Cited by 694
Depressive rumination : nature, theory and treatment
Papageorgiou, C., & Adrian Wells, A. (2004) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 610
The structure of common emotion regulation strategies: A meta-analytic examination
Naragon-Gainey, K., McMahon, T. P., & Chacko, T. P. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000093 · Cited by 588
Ramel1, W., Goldin, P. R., Carmona, P. E., & McQuaid, J. R. (2004) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/b:cotr.0000045557.15923.96 · Cited by 580
“associations with anxious and depressive symptoms (rs range from .30 to .59; Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002 ).”
BackgroundResponses to Positive Affect: A Self-Report Measure of Rumination and Dampening
Feldman, G. C., Joormann, J., & Johnson, S. L. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9083-0 · Cited by 549
“A number of factor analytic studies have presented evidence of multidimensionality in the rumination subscale of the RSQ ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Roberts, Gilboa, & Gotlib, 1998; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000; Segerstrom et al., 2003; Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003).”
BackgroundRaes, F. (2010) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.023 · Cited by 535
McEvoy, P. M., Watson, H., Watkins, E. R., & Nathan, P. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.014 · Cited by 492
Physiological concomitants of perseverative cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ottaviani, C., Thayer, J. F., Verkuil, B., Lonigro, A., Medea, B., Couyoumdjian, A., & Brosschot, J. F. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000036 · Cited by 476
Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2009) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015687 · Cited by 452
“Both catastrophizing and worrying have been shown to magnify negative affect in a similar manner as rumination, especially distress and anxiety related to future consequences of a situation (Fresco et al., 2002; McLaughlin, Borkovec, & Sibrava, 2007).”
BackgroundWatkins, E. R., & Moulds, M. L. (2005) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.5.3.319 · Cited by 487
Mediating effects of rumination and worry on the links between neuroticism, anxiety and depression
Muris, P., Roelofs, J., Rassin, E., Franken, I., & Mayer, B. (2005) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.04.005 · Cited by 443
“Although there is some factor analytic evidence indicating that worry and rumination have distinct features (Fresco et al., 2002; Muris et al., 2004), the findings of these studies seem to justify the conclusion that worry and rumination are closely related cognitive constructs.”
BackgroundRumination in posttraumatic stress disorder
Michael, T., Halligan, S. L., Clark, D. M., & Ehlers, A. (2007) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20228 · Cited by 434
“Given these results, it has been suggested that both rumination and worry serve a cognitive avoidance function and inhibit the ability to deploy adaptive coping resources [Fresco et al., 2002].”
BackgroundMethodResultThe association between rumination and negative affect: A review
Kirkegaard Thomsen, D. (2006) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930500473533 · Cited by 416
“Of the correlational studies on anxiety, 11 show positive results (Ciarrochi et al., 2003; Flett et al., 2002; Fresco et al., 2002; Garnefski et al., 2002a; Harrington & Blakenship, 2002; Hill et al., 2004; McDougall, Venables, & Roger, 1991; Segerstrom et al., 2000; Thomsen et al., 2003; Watkins,…”
BackgroundA Multidimensional Structure for Repetitive Thought: What's on Your Mind, and How, and How Much?
Segerstrom, S. C., Stanton, A. L., Alden, L. E., & Shortridge, B. E. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.909 · Cited by 450
Holmes, E. A., Lang, T. J., & Shah, D. M. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0012590 · Cited by 400
Holaway, R. M., Heimberg, R. G., & Coles, M. E. (2006) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2005.01.002 · Cited by 399
“Researchers have long been interested in the overlapping and distinguishing features of the anxiety and mood disorders (e.g., Brown, Chorpita, & Barlow, 1998;Clark & Watson, 1991; Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002 ).”
BackgroundSelf-citationSpecificity of rumination in anxiety and depression: A multimodal meta‐analysis.
Olatunji, B. O., Naragon-Gainey, K., & Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B. (2013) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1037/h0101719 · Cited by 380
Comparisons between rumination and worry in a non-clinical population
Watkins, E. R., Moulds, M. L., & Mackintosh, B. (2005) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.11.008 · Cited by 367
Are worry, rumination, and post-event processing one and the same?
McEvoy, P. M., Mahoney, A. E. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.03.008 · Cited by 360
Rood, L., Roelofs, J., Bögels, S. M., Nolen–Hoeksema, S., & Schouten, E. G. W. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.07.001 · Cited by 360
Hong, R. Y. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.006 · Cited by 357
Inhibition Versus Switching Deficits in Different Forms of Rumination
Whitmer, A. J., & Banich, M. T. (2007) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01936.x · Cited by 351
“Subjects completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ; Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990), a common measureoftendenciestoworryandbeanxious.Thisquestionnaire was included because previous research has found worry and rumination to be similar (though separable) constructs ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, &…”
MethodMental Imagery in Depression: Phenomenology, Potential Mechanisms, and Treatment Implications
Holmes, E. A., Blackwell, S. E., Burnett Heyes, S., Renner, F., & Raes, F. (2016) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-092925 · Cited by 325
“239), which is a predominantly verbal process (Fresco et al. 2002); and on the phenomenon of overgeneral memory (OGM) when asked to deliberately recall events (Williams et al.”
BackgroundMiranda, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.07.015 · Cited by 344
“Other cognitive risk factors found to be associated with suicidal ideation and behavior include hopelessness, perfectionism, and negative automatic thoughts (Beck, Brown, & Steer, 1989; Beevers & Miller, 2004; Brown et al., 2000; Gibb et al., 2001; e front matter r 2007 Elsevier Ltd.”
BackgroundPearson, D., Deeprose, C., Wallace-Hadrill, S. M. A., Heyes, S. B., & Holmes, E. A. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.09.001 · Cited by 314
Increased error-related brain activity in generalized anxiety disorder
Weinberg, A., Olvet, D. M., & Hajcak, G. (2010) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.09.011 · Cited by 293
Investigating models of affect: Relationships among EEG alpha asymmetry, depression, and anxiety.
Mathersul, D. C., Williams, L. M., Hopkinson, P., & Kemp, A. H. (2008) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0012811 · Cited by 274
“…(increased right frontal) and verbal ruminations of worthlessness and guilt (increased left frontal) associated with clinical depression (APA, 2000; Fresco et al., 2002) explain the bilateral, symmetrical increase in frontal activity associated with nonclinical depressed mood in this study.”
BackgroundInfluentialDistinguishing dimensions of anxiety and depression
Nitschke, J. B., Heller, W., Imig, J. C., McDonald, R. P., & Miller, G. A. (2001) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1026485530405 · Cited by 263
“Similar correlational data for the MASQ and PSWQ were recently reported by Frankel, Fresco, Mennin, Turk, and Heimberg (1998) .”
MethodUnderstanding pain catastrophizing: Putting pieces together
Petrini, L., & Arendt-Nielsen, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.603420 · Cited by 259
Mental imagery as an emotional amplifier: Application to bipolar disorder
Holmes, E. A., Geddes, J. R., Colom, F., & Goodwin, G. M. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.09.005 · Cited by 274
“Rumination is a predominately verbal process ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002 ) involving recurrent thinking about negative feelings, and the causes, meanings and implications for self.”
BackgroundCognitive approaches to insomnia
Harvey, A. G., Tang, N. K. Y., & Browning, L. (2005) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.005 · Cited by 254
Roelofs, J., Huibers, M. J. H., Peeters, F. P. M. L., Arntz, A. R., & van Os, J. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.002 · Cited by 244
“Factor analytic studies have revealed that both constructs are distinctive (e.g., Fresco et al., 2002; Muris et al., 2004).”
A meta-analytic review of mood-congruent implicit memory in depressed mood
Gaddy, M. A., & Ingram, R. E. (2014) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2014.06.001 · Cited by 232
Ehring, T., Frank, S., & Ehlers, A. (2008) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9089-7 · Cited by 230
“Worry and rumination have so far mainly been distinguished on the basis of their content, in that rumination is typically associated with thinking about the past, whereas worry represents anxious thoughts about future events ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000).”
BackgroundThe impact of rumination on sleep quality following a stressful life event
Guastella, A. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2007) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.028 · Cited by 228
Emotion regulation therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
Mennin, D. S. (2004) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.389 · Cited by 221
Self-citationRumination and Worry in Nonclinical Adolescents
Muris, P., Roelofs, J., Meesters, C., & Boomsma, P. (2004) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/b:cotr.0000045563.66060.3e · Cited by 230
“In spite of these limitations, the current findings are in agreement with those obtained in adult studies by Segerstrom et al. (2000) and Fresco et al. (2002) and demonstrate that rumination and worry in adolescents are closely allied constructs.”
InfluentialTreating comorbid anxiety and depression: psychosocial and pharmacological approaches
Coplan, J. D. (2015) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v5.i4.366 · Cited by 207
Rumination and Experiential Avoidance in Depression
Cribb, G., Moulds, M. L., & Carter, S. (2006) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1375/bech.23.3.165 · Cited by 204
Leichsenring, F., Salzer, S., Jaeger, U., Kächele, H., Kreische, R., Leweke, F., Rüger, U., Winkelbach, C., & Leibing, E. (2009) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09030441 · Cited by 207
Pachankis, J. E. (2015) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-015-0480-x · Cited by 205
Paulesu, E., Sambugaro, E., Torti, T., Danelli, L., Ferri, F., Scialfa, G., Sberna, M., Ruggiero, G. M., Bottini, G., & Sassaroli, S. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709005649 · Cited by 204
“Worry is also frequently associated with depressive rumination (Borkovec, 1994 ; Segerstrom et al. 2000 ; Fresco et al. 2002, 2003 ; Watkins et al. 2005), which is characterized by the predominance of chronic, excessive and uncontrollable negative thoughts (Borkovec, 1994).”
BackgroundO’Connor, R. C., & Noyce, R. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.01.007 · Cited by 208
Depressive Rumination and Co-Morbidity: Evidence for Brooding as a Transdiagnostic Process
Watkins, E. R. (2009) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-009-0098-9 · Cited by 182
Rumination, Worry, Cognitive Avoidance, and Behavioral Avoidance: Examination of Temporal Effects
Dickson, K. S., Ciesla, J. A., & Reilly, L. C. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.11.002 · Cited by 173
The worried mind: Autonomic and prefrontal activation during worrying
Hofmann, S. G., Moscovitch, D. A., Litz, B. T., Kim, H.-J., Davis, L. L., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2005) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.5.4.464 · Cited by 167
“A number of empirical studies support this distinction ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Segerstrom, Stanton, Alden, & Shortridge, 2003).”
Appraisals and strategies associated with rumination and worry
Watkins, E. R. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.10.002 · Cited by 166
Liao, Q., Cowling, B., Lam, W. T., Ng, M. W., & Fielding, R. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013350 · Cited by 163
“Thus the model is predicated on several premises: that understanding of the disease and perceived personal susceptibility influence self-efficacy [17,18,31]; that the effect of perceived susceptibility to influenza on HPBs acts through increasing worry about the disease [26,33,38,41,42]; and that more worry from perce…”
BackgroundFlaxman, P. E., Ménard, J., Bond, F. W., & Kinman, G. (2012) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028055 · Cited by 162
Surrence, K., Miranda, R., Marroquín, B. M., & Chan, S. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.06.001 · Cited by 159
“Reflection has been found to be concurrently related to depression ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Joormann et al., 2006; Siegle et al., 2004; Treynor et al., 2003) and suicidal ideation (Miranda & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2007; O’Connor & Noyce, 2008 )i n some studies, but other studies fail to find a concu…”
Lyubomirsky, S., Layous, K., Chancellor, J., & Nelson, S. K. (2015) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112733 · Cited by 222
“Fredrickson & Roberts (1997) later collaborated in developing objectification theory—the examination of how culture and media negatively influence women’s self-perceptions and engender shame, anxiety, eating disorders, depression, and sexual dysfunction.”
BackgroundWorry and the anxiety disorders: A meta-analytic synthesis of specificity to GAD
Olatunji, B., Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B., Sawchuk, C. N., & Ciesielski, B. G. (2010) · Applied and Preventive Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appsy.2011.03.001 · Cited by 155
Young, C. C., & Dietrich, M. S. (2015) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jcap.12102 · Cited by 160
Klemanski, D. H., Curtiss, J., McLaughlin, K. A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9817-6 · Cited by 150
“Certain cognitive emotion regulation strategies, such as rumination and worry, likely instantiate a superordinate process known as repetitive negative thinking (RNT; McEvoy et al. 2013; Fresco et al. 2002).”
Confirmatory factor analysis of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire
Fresco, D. M., Heimberg, R. G., Mennin, D. S., & Turk, C. L. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00113-3 · Cited by 149
“This sample was drawn from a previous study of the relationship between worry and rumination ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2000a ), but none of the analyses presented in this paper have been previously reported.”
MethodSelf-citationSiegle, G. J., Moore, P. M., & Thase, M. E. (2004) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/b:cotr.0000045570.62733.9f · Cited by 147
“In particular, multiple studies have successfully differentiated measures of rumination and worry ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Papageorgiou & Wells, 1999).”
BackgroundWhen thinking hurts: Attachment, rumination, and postrelationship adjustment
Saffrey, C., & Ehrenberg, M. F. (2007) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2007.00160.x · Cited by 158
Worrying and rumination are both associated with reduced cognitive control
Beckwé, M., Deroost, N., Koster, E. H. W., Lissnyder, E. D., & Raedt, R. D. (2013) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-013-0517-5 · Cited by 155
Persoskie, A., Ferrer, R. A., & Klein, W. M. P. (2013) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9537-2 · Cited by 144
“It may be, for instance, that the actual experience of cancer worry is different across age groups or when risk perceptions are high rather than low, perhaps involving more rumination, depression, or anxiety (see Fresco et al., 2002, for an account of the relationships among these concepts).”
BackgroundRuminative coping as avoidance
Stroebe, M., Boelen, P. A., van den Hout, M., Stroebe, W., Salemink, E., & van den Bout, J. (2007) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-007-0746-y · Cited by 157
“Fresco et al. [ 29 ] systematically examined the distinction and overlapping features of worry and rumination, using the RRS and PSWQ, finding 2 worry and 2 rumination factors, but high correlations between the factors.”
BackgroundMethodCalmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9026-9 · Cited by 162
Weinberg, A., Kotov, R., & Proudfit, G. H. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000019 · Cited by 156
Effects of neuroticism on depression and anxiety: Rumination as a possible mediator
Roelofs, J., Huibers, M. J. H., Peeters, F. P. M. L., & Arntz, A. R. (2007) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.09.019 · Cited by 151
Der Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ)
Loch, N., Hiller, W., & Witthöft, M. (2011) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/1616-3443/a000079 · Cited by 130
Emotional inertia contributes to depressive symptoms beyond perseverative thinking
Brose, A., Schmiedek, F., Koval, P., & Kuppens, P. (2014) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2014.916252 · Cited by 154
“Perseverative thoughts such as rumination and worry increase or prolong NA because these processes interfere with more active problem-solving strategies (Lyubomirsky et al., 1999; Fresco et al., 2002).”
BackgroundRelationships between rumination, worry, intolerance of uncertainty and metacognitive beliefs
de Jong-Meyer, R., Beck, B., & Riede, K. (2009) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.12.010 · Cited by 134
Does daily proactivity affect well‐being? The moderating role of punitive supervision
Cangiano, F., Parker, S. K., & Yeo, G. (2018) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2321 · Cited by 145
Fishing for happiness: The effects of generating positive imagery on mood and behaviour
Pictet, A., Coughtrey, A. E., Mathews, A., & Holmes, E. A. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.10.003 · Cited by 133
Perini, S., Abbott, M. J., & Rapee, R. (2006) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9023-z · Cited by 127
“Traditionally, rumination oriented toward past events has been investigated in relation to depression, whereas anticipatory worry has been linked to anxiety (Fresco et al., 2002).”
BackgroundThe social crisis aftermath: tourist well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak
Yang, F. X., & Wong, I. A. (2020) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2020.1843047 · Cited by 125
“Different from anxiety, worry is a cognitive process rather than an emotional state of being; it reflects an understanding of one’s self and circumstances, and it is characterized by an experienced sequence of negative thoughts and images about a threat or unpleasant life event (Borkovec et al., 1998; Fresco et al., 2…”
BackgroundEmotion regulation therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
Fresco, D. M., Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., & Ritter, M. (2013) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.02.001 · Cited by 120
Self-citationWilkinson, P. O., Croudace, T. J., & Goodyer, I. M. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-250 · Cited by 135
“Initial studies in community-recruited adults [9,11,12] identified a ‘brooding’ factor/principal component, which was more strongly associated with current and/or future depressive symptoms than any other dimension of the RSQ (in particular a ‘reflecting’ factor/PC).”
BackgroundA healthy dose of trust: The relationship between interpersonal trust and health
Schneider, I. K., Konijn, E. A., Righetti, F., & Rusbult, C. E. (2011) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01338.x · Cited by 121
McLaughlin, K. A., & Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.704840 · Cited by 127
“Associations between rumination and a wide range of anxiety symptoms have been reported in adult studies (Clohessy & Ehlers, 1999 ; Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002 ; Harrington & Blankenship, 2002 ; Mellings & Alden, 2000 ; Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991 ), and recent evidence suggests that rumination p…”
BackgroundRoelofs, J., Rood, L., Meesters, C. M. G., Dorsthorst, V. T., Bögels, S. M., Alloy, L. B., & Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2009) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-009-0026-7 · Cited by 116
Repetitive Thought and Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance
Takano, K., Iijima, Y., & Tanno, Y. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.04.002 · Cited by 125
Attentional control in OCD and GAD: Specificity and associations with core cognitive symptoms
Armstrong, T., Zald, D. H., & Olatunji, B. O. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.003 · Cited by 110
“Although patients with OCD and GAD showed elevated levels of rumination compared to the NCC group, consistent with prior research (Fresco et al., 2002; Grisham & Williams, 2009) rumination was not associated”
Positive beliefs about rumination in depression—a replication and extension
Watkins, E. R., & Moulds, M. L. (2005) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.12.006 · Cited by 109
Schneider, R. L., Arch, J. J., Landy, L. N., & Hankin, B. L. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2016.1157757 · Cited by 129
“, 2002), and rumination (Fresco et al., 2002) than adults with lower levels of anxiety and mood disturbance, fewer studies have examined such relationships among anxious youth.”
BackgroundInfluentialRuscio, A. M., Seitchik, A. E., Gentes, E. L., Jones, J. D., & Hallion, L. S. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.10.001 · Cited by 115
Hope and worry in mothers of children with an autism spectrum disorder or Down syndrome
Ogston, P. L., Mackintosh, V. H., & Myers, B. J. (2011) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.020 · Cited by 106
“This prevents the optimal processing of information to be gleaned from one‟s experiences (Borkovec, 1994; Fresco et al., 2002).”
BackgroundVerstraeten, K., Bijttebier, P., Vasey, M. W., & Raes, F. (2010) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466510x532715 · Cited by 115
Nature, Functions, and Beliefs about Depressive Rumination
Papageorgiou, C., & Adrian Wells, A. (2003) · doi:10.1002/9780470713853.ch1 · Cited by 106
“In the study by Fresco et al. (2002), the items from the RRS and PSWQ were subjected to factor analysis.”
MethodKertz, S. J., Bigda-Peyton, J. S., Rosmarin, D. H., & Björgvinsson, T. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.005 · Cited by 100
Armey, M. F., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M., Mennin, D. S., Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Kecmanovic, J., & Alloy, L. B. (2009) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191109340388 · Cited by 111
“Fresco et al. (2002) obtained two rumination factors, designating them as active cognitive appraisal and dwelling on the negative.”
Self-citationPaying attention to distress: What's wrong with rumination?
Rude, S. S., Maestas, K. L., & Neff, K. D. (2007) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930601056732 · Cited by 113
“As in Study 1, the factor structure closely paralleled that reported by Fresco et al. (2002), Roberts et al. (1998), and Treynor et al. (2003).”
BackgroundMethodResultAnger in PTSD: Is there a need for a concept of PTSD-related posttraumatic anger?
McHugh, T., Forbes, D., Bates, G. W., Hopwood, M., & Creamer, M. C. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.07.013 · Cited by 101
Calmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9447-6 · Cited by 102
Rumination in Clinical Depression: A Type of Emotional Suppression?
Liverant, G. I., Kamholz, B. W., Sloan, D. M., & Brown, T. A. (2010) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-010-9304-4 · Cited by 112
“Numerous studies have highlighted the common characteristics of rumination and worry (e.g., Fresco et al. 2002 ).”
Zinbarg, R. E., Eun Lee, J., & Lira Yoon, K. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.06.005 · Cited by 95
“The reliability and validity of the PSWQ have been widely researched, and the instrument has sound psychometric properties ( Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Molina & Borkovec, 1994).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Fresco, D. M., Frankel, A. N., Mennin, D. S., Turk, C. L., & Heimberg, R. G.
- Affiliations
- Adult Anxiety Clinic of Temple (US)
- Corresponding author
- Heimberg, Richard G.
- Venue
- Cognitive Therapy and Research
- Published
- 2002-04
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 179-188
- ISSN
- 0147-5916 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2819
- OpenAlex
- W1503044810
- Cited by
- 456
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 11.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Cognitive Therapy and Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- rumination, worry, anxiety, depression, negative emotions, cognitive processes, factor structure, comorbid depression and anxiety, university students
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
