Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale

Osman, Augustine; Barrios, Francisco X.; Kopper, Beverly A.; Hauptmann, Wendy; Jones, Jewel; O'Neill, Elizabeth

doi:10.1023/a:1025570508954

Cited by 881Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale

Osman, Augustine, Barrios, Francisco X., Kopper, Beverly A., Hauptmann, Wendy, Jones, Jewel, O'Neill, Elizabeth·1997·Journal of Behavioral Medicine

DOI 10.1023/a:1025570508954

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Abstract

The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS; Sullivan et al., Psychol. Assess. 7, 524-532, 1995) has recently been developed to assess three components of catastrophizing: rumination, magnification, and helplessness. We conducted three studies to evaluate the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the PCS. In Study I, we conducted principal-components analysis with oblique rotation to replicate the three factors of the PCS. Gender differences on the original PCS subscales were also analyzed. In Study II, we conducted confirmatory factor analyses to evaluate the adequacy of fit of four alternative models. We also evaluated evidence for concurrent and discriminant validity. In Study III, we evaluated the ability of the PCS and subscales to differentiate between the responses of clinic (students seeking treatment) and nonclinic undergraduate samples. Also, in the clinic sample, we evaluated evidence of concurrent and predictive validity for the PCS. The internal consistency reliability indices for the total PCS and subscales were examined in all three studies. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

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The MAAS is a validated measure of the propensity to attend to present-moment experiences in the context of daily life.
“This is a validated measure of the propensity to attend to present-moment experiences in the context of daily life.”
From Risk Factors for Self-Harm Ideation among Persons Treated with Opioids for Chronic Low Back Pain (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
The PCS is a valid and reliable 13-item instrument that examines components of catastrophizing associated with chronic pain.
“This is a valid and reliable 13-item instrument that examines components of catastrophizing (rumination, magnification, and helplessness) associated with chronic pain”
From Risk Factors for Self-Harm Ideation among Persons Treated with Opioids for Chronic Low Back Pain (2023) · cites this paper as [38]

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The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: further psychometric evaluation with adult samples
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Self-citation
Factor structure and internal consistency of a Swedish version of the pain catastrophizing scale
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Authors: Osman, A., Barrios, F. X., Kopper, B. A., Hauptmann, W., Jones, J., & O'Neill, E.
Affiliations: University of Northern Iowa (US)
ORCID: Osman, Augustine
Venue: Journal of Behavioral Medicine
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1997-12
Volume: 20
Issue: 6
Pages: 589-605
ISSN: 0160-7715 (ISSN-L)
1573-3521
DOI: 10.1023/a:1025570508954
OpenAlex: W1604676280
Cited by: 881
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 0.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Journal of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: Pain Catastrophizing Scale, pain catastrophizing, rumination, magnification, helplessness, factor structure, psychometric validation, gender differences, predictive validity, internal consistency
MeSH terms: Adult, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Pain, Pain Measurement, Psychometrics, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Case-Control Studies

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Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale

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