Cited by 938Grief, Bereavement, and Mental HealthDeath Anxiety and Social ExclusionAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss.

Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan, Parker, Louise E., Larson, Judith·1994·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.67.1.92

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0022-3514.67.1.92

Cites

0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 938

Body Objectification and Depression in Adolescents: The Role of Gender, Shame, and Rumination
Grabe, S., Hyde, J. S., & Lindberg, S. M. (2007) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00350.x · Cited by 305
“Rumination. Rumination was measured with five items (e.g., “When I feel sad or down, I think about how alone I feel ”) from the Response Styles Questionnaire (RSQ; Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker, & Larson, 1994; Nolen-Hoeksma & Morrow, 1991) based on Nolen-Hoeksema ’s model of depression and rumination.”
Method
Psychological distress and the frequency of perfectionistic thinking.
Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Blankstein, K. R., & Gray, L. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1363 · Cited by 405
Getting "stuck" in the past: Temporal orientation and coping with trauma.
Holman, E. A., & Silver, R. C. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1146 · Cited by 453
Insomnia Symptoms in Older Adults: Associated Factors and Gender Differences
Jaussent, I., Dauvilliers, Y., Ancelin, M.-L., Dartigues, J.-F., Tavernier, B., Touchon, J., Ritchie, K., & Besset, A. (2011) · The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181e049b6 · Cited by 286
Getting stuck in depression: The roles of rumination and emotional inertia
Koval, P., Kuppens, P., Allen, N. B., & Sheeber, L. (2012) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2012.667392 · Cited by 308
“A substantial research literature has established that rumination is a stable trait-like vulnerability factor in depression (Bagby, Rector, Bacchiochi, & McBride, 2004 ), even when controlling for other negative cognitive styles and personality traits such as neuroticism (eg, Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker & Larson, 1994 ; Sp…”
Background
Cognitive vulnerabilities to the development of PTSD: a review of four vulnerabilities and the proposal of an integrative vulnerability model
Elwood, L. S., Hahn, K. S., Olatunji, B. O., & Williams, N. L. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.10.002 · Cited by 284
Insight, Rumination, and Self-Reflection as Predictors of Well-Being
Harrington, R., & Loffredo, D. A. (2010) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2010.528072 · Cited by 317
Self-rumination, self-reflection, and depression: self-rumination counteracts the adaptive effect of self-reflection.
Takano, K., & Tanno, Y. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.008 · Cited by 286
Specificity of rumination in anxiety and depression: A multimodal meta‐analysis.
Olatunji, B. O., Naragon-Gainey, K., & Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B. (2013) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1037/h0101719 · Cited by 380
Letting Go and Moving On: Work-Related Identity Loss and Recovery
Conroy, S. A., & O’Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2013) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2011.0396 · Cited by 315
The Psychology of Future-Oriented Thinking: From Achievement to Proactive Coping, Adaptation, and Aging
Aspinwall, L. G. (2005) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-006-9013-1 · Cited by 272
Association of Major Depressive Disorder With Altered Functional Brain Response During Anticipation and Processing of Heat Pain
Strigo, I. A., Simmons, A. N., Matthews, S. C., Craig, A. D. B., & Paulus, M. P. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.11.1275 · Cited by 277
Rumination, Depression, and Alcohol Use: Tests of Gender Differences
Nolen–Hoeksema, S., & Harrell, Z. A. T. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/jcop.16.4.391.52526 · Cited by 264
Self-citation
Prevention of anxiety disorders and depression by targeting excessive worry and rumination in adolescents and young adults: A randomized controlled trial
Topper, M., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., Watkins, E., & Ehring, T. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.015 · Cited by 254
The role of angry rumination and distraction in blood pressure recovery from emotional arousal
Gerin, W., Davidson, K. W., Christenfeld, N. J. S., Goyal, T., & Schwartz, J. E. (2006) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000195747.12404.aa · Cited by 259
“Stressful or anger-provoking events often lead to subsequent cognitions (ruminations) about the event, and these may be accompanied by negative affect (34,35).”
Background
Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression, Rumination, Hopelessness, and Suicidal Ideation: Multiple Pathways to Self‐Injurious Thinking
Smith, J. M., Alloy, L. B., & Abramson, L. Y. (2006) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1521/suli.2006.36.4.443 · Cited by 258
Exercise and clinical depression: examining two psychological mechanisms
Craft, L. L. (2005) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2003.11.003 · Cited by 253
Cognitive emotion regulation strategies contributing to resilience in patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders
Min, J.-A., Yu, J. J., Lee, C.-U., & Chae, J.-H. (2013) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.05.008 · Cited by 253
“Rumination has been extensively studied in relation to depression and anxiety disorders to date [19,51–53].”
Background
From Vulnerability to Growth: Positive and Negative Effects of Stressful Life Events
Updegraff, J. A., & Taylor, S. E. (2021) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315783345-2 · Cited by 249
Can’t Quite Commit: Rumination and Uncertainty
Ward, A., Lyubomirsky, S., Sousa, L., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167202238375 · Cited by 243
“…et al., 1998, 1999, in press; Lyubomirsky & Nolen-Hoeksema, 1993, 1995; Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991, 2000; Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991, 1993a; Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994) and given the fact that the situation faced by our participants (i.e., having to devise and defend a housing plan with…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
Personality Dimensions and Depression: Review and Commentary
Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J. (1997) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674379704200305 · Cited by 241
Untitled work
(2002) · Cited by 246
Sex and depression
Bebbington, P. (1998) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291797006065 · Cited by 246
“Ruminative styles, more often seen in women (Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994), are particularly likely to result in an increasing spiral of depression, while the more active styles of coping typical of men appear to abort it.”
Background
Does Social Support Help in Bereavement?
Stroebe, W., Zech, E., Stroebe, M., & Abakoumkin, G. (2005) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2005.24.7.1030 · Cited by 243
The origins of sex differences in depressive disorder: bridging the gap
Bebbington, P. (1996) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540269609051547 · Cited by 240
The effects of self-focused rumination on global negative self-judgements in depression
Rimes, K. A., & Watkins, E. R. (2005) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.12.002 · Cited by 262
The Assessment of Psychological Strain in Work Contexts
Mohr, G., Müller, A., Rigotti, T., Aycan, Z., & Tschan, F. (2006) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759.22.3.198 · Cited by 236
Differential Effects of Rumination and Dysphoria on the Inhibition of Irrelevant Emotional Material: Evidence from a Negative Priming Task
Joormann, J. (2006) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9035-8 · Cited by 247
“Previous studies have shown good test–retest reliability (Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994) and acceptable convergent and predictive validity (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991; Nolen-Hoeksema et al.”
Rumination predicts heightened responding to stressful life events in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
Ruscio, A. M., Gentes, E. L., Jones, J. D., Hallion, L. S., Coleman, E. S., & Swendsen, J. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000025 · Cited by 228
Hopes Dashed and Dreams Fulfilled: Contingencies of Self-Worth and Graduate School Admissions
Crocker, J., Sommers, S. R., & Luhtanen, R. K. (2002) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672022812012 · Cited by 233
Life Reflection: A Social–Cognitive Analysis of Life Review
Staudinger, U. M. (2001) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.5.2.148 · Cited by 296
An Interactive Model for the Emergence of Gender Differences in Depression in Adolescence
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (1994) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1207/s15327795jra0404_5 · Cited by 239
Self-citation
Cognitive Theories of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Conceptual and Quantitative Review
Lakdawalla, Z., Hankin, B. L., & Mermelstein, R. J. (2007) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-006-0013-1 · Cited by 257
“More specifically, an overwhelming majority of longitudinal studies have shown that individuals who ruminate report higher levels of depressive symptoms, even after controlling for initial levels of depression (e.g., Butler and Nolen-Hoeksema, 1994; Just and Alloy, 1997; Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow, 1991; Nolen-Hoeksema…”
Background
Rumination, negative cognition, and their interactive effects on depressed mood.
Ciesla, J. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2007) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.555 · Cited by 250
Continuing bonds in adaptation to bereavement: Toward theoretical integration
Stroebe, M., Schut, H. A. W., & Boerner, K. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.007 · Cited by 247
“Along similar lines, Stroebe and Schut (2005) argued that researchers need towork toward understanding for whom continuing or relinquishing bonds promote adjustment. For some, it would seem necessary to work toward loosening a bond, for this is retained too closely. For others, precisely the opposite seems to be the c…”
BackgroundMethod
Resilience in the face of potential trauma: Clinical practices and illustrations
Mancini, A. D., & Bonanno, G. A. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20283 · Cited by 226
Social sharing through interpersonal media: Patterns and effects on emotional well-being
Choi, M., & Toma, C. L. (2014) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.026 · Cited by 248
Web-based administration of a personality questionnaire: Comparison with traditional methods
Davis, R. N. (1999) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03200737 · Cited by 226
Thinking About Rumination: The Scholarly Contributions and Intellectual Legacy of Susan Nolen-Hoeksema
Lyubomirsky, S., Layous, K., Chancellor, J., & Nelson, S. K. (2015) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112733 · Cited by 222
“…effects of rumination after negative life events comes from studies exploring people’s adjustment after trauma (e.g., a natural disaster or sexual abuse) (NolenHoeksema & Morrow 1991, Sarin & Nolen-Hoeksema 2010) and bereavement (Nolen-Hoeksema & Larson 1999; Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994, 1997).”
Background
Rumination in Interpersonal Relationships: Does Co-rumination Explain Gender Differences in Emotional Distress and Relationship Satisfaction Among College Students?
Calmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2008) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-008-9200-3 · Cited by 247
Meaning making in the dual process model of coping with bereavement.
Stroebe, M., & Schut, H. A. W. (2001) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10397-003 · Cited by 220
Ruminative Responses to Negative and Positive Affect Among Students Diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder
Johnson, S. L., McKenzie, G., & McMurrich, S. L. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9158-6 · Cited by 231
Developmental regulation before and after a developmental deadline: The sample case of "biological clock" for childbearing.
Heckhausen, J., Wrosch, C., & Fleeson, W. (2001) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.16.3.400 · Cited by 262
Sticky Thoughts: Depression and Rumination Are Associated With Difficulties Manipulating Emotional Material in Working Memory
Joormann, J., Levens, S. M., & Gotlib, I. H. (2011) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797611415539 · Cited by 209
The role of rumination in the coexistence of distress and posttraumatic growth among bereaved Japanese university students.
Taku, K., Calhoun, L. G., Cann, A., & Tedeschi, R. G. (2008) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481180801974745 · Cited by 212
“Intrusive rumination correlates with negative experiences such as depressive symptoms or anxiety (eg, Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker, & Larson, 1994 ), whereas deliberate rumination tends to correlate with PTG (eg, Bower, Kemeny, Taylor, & Fahey, 1998 ).”
Background
Grief recovery from the loss of a family business: A multi- and meso-level theory
Shepherd, D. A. (2007) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2007.09.003 · Cited by 210
A test of the integration of the response styles and social support theories of depression in third and seventh grade children
Abela, J. R. Z., Vanderbilt, E., & Rochon, A. (2004) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.23.5.653.50752 · Cited by 210
“Similarly, children who have others available to them but who lack quality support may also be more likely to ruminate because individuals in their support network fail to effectively challenge their depressogenic ruminative thoughts or to encourage them to use distractive or problem-solving strategies (Nolen–Hoeksema…”
Background
Grief Processing and Deliberate Grief Avoidance: A Prospective Comparison of Bereaved Spouses and Parents in the United States and the People's Republic of China.
Bonanno, G. A., Papa, A., Lalande, K. M., Zhang, N., & Noll, J. G. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.1.86 · Cited by 214
The Consequences of Dysphoric Rumination
Lyubomirsky, S., & Tkach, C. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470713853.ch2 · Cited by 235
“These socially maladaptive tendencies may also account in part for the greater social friction that chronic ruminators experience following a trauma (Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994; NolenHoeksema & C. G. Davis, 1999), as well as for their reports of receiving inadequate social support (Nolen-Hoeksema…”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Rumination, mood and social problem-solving in major depression
Donaldson, C., & Lam, D. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291704001904 · Cited by 225
“The tendency to react to low mood with either rumination or distraction would appear to be a stable trait (Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994; Just & Alloy, 1997) and is independent of concomitant levels of depression (Kuehner & Weber, 1999).”
BackgroundInfluential
The Role of Thought Suppression in Depressive Rumination
Wenzlaff, R. M., & Luxton, D. D. (2003) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1023966400540 · Cited by 217
“Instead, compared to people who do not engage in depressive rumination, ruminators face a greater risk for depression (Kuehner & Weber, 1999) and suffer more severe and prolonged depressive episodes (Lyubomirsky & Nolen-Hoeksema, 1993, 1995; Nolen-Hoeksema, Morrow, & Fredrickson, 1993; Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker & Larson,…”
Background
Origins of ruminative thought: Trauma, incompleteness, nondisclosure, and suppression
Gold, D. B., & Wegner, D. M. (1995) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1995.tb02617.x · Cited by 202
The Response Styles Theory
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2003) · doi:10.1002/9780470713853.ch6 · Cited by 251
Self-citation
Perfectionism Cognitions, Rumination, and Psychological Distress
Flett, G. L., Madorsky, D., Hewitt, P. L., & Heisel, M. J. (2002) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1023/a:1015128904007 · Cited by 209
“It has been found that the presence of a rumination orientation tends to prolong bouts of depression, as the individual with this orientation reflects on his or her negative emotional state and the factors that contributed to this negative emotional state (see Lyubomirsky, Caldwell, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 1998; Nolen-Hoeks…”
BackgroundResult
Ruminative self-focus, negative life events, and negative affect
Moberly, N. J., & Watkins, E. R. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.06.004 · Cited by 221
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Eisendrath, S. J., Gillung, E., Delucchi, K. L., Segal, Z. V., Nelson, J. C., McInnes, L. A., Mathalon, D. H., & Feldman, M. D. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000442260 · Cited by 187
Personality moderators of mood congruency effects on cognition: The role of self-esteem and negative mood regulation.
Smith, S. M., & Petty, R. E. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.68.6.1092 · Cited by 226
Memory complaints in a community sample aged 60–64 years: associations with cognitive functioning, psychiatric symptoms, medical conditions, APOE genotype, hippocampus and amygdala volumes, and white-matter hyperintensities
Jorm, A. F., Butterworth, P., Anstey, K. J., Christensen, H. M., Easteal, S., Maller, J. J., Mather, K. A., Turakulov, R. I., WEN, W., & Sachdev, P. S. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291704003162 · Cited by 201
“Ruminative style is a type of emotion-focused coping strategy which involves ‘chronic, passive focus on one’s negative emotions and the meaning of these emotions’ (Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994, p. 92).”
Background
Systems of Coping Associated with Dysphoria, Anxiety and Depressive Illness: A Multivariate Profile Perspective
Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2003) · Stress · doi:10.1080/10253890310001594487 · Cited by 189
“E-mail: hanisman@ccs.carleton.ca Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Metacognitive Therapy in Recurrent and Persistent Depression: A Multiple-Baseline Study of a New Treatment
Wells, A., Fisher, P., Myers, S., Wheatley, J., Patel, T., & Brewin, C. R. (2009) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9178-2 · Cited by 189
“Rumination appears to prolong and worsen negative emotional responses to stressful events (e.g., Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow 1991; Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994 ) and predict the onset of depression even when controlling high and low cognitive risk (Just and Alloy 1997).”
Background
Can gender differences in the prevalence of mental disorders be explained by sociodemographic factors?
Klose, M., & Jacobi, F. (2004) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-004-0047-7 · Cited by 195
“Cutler and Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991; Rodgers, 1994; Bebbington, 1998; Rennison and Welchans, 2000), and maladaptive coping styles (Hobfoll et al., 1994; Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994).”
Background
The nature of clinical depression: Symptoms, syndromes, and behavior analysis
Kanter, J. W., Busch, A. M., Weeks, C. E., & Landes, S. J. (2008) · The Behavior Analyst · doi:10.1007/bf03392158 · Cited by 189
Why We Sing the Blues: The Relation Between Self-Reflective Rumination, Mood, and Creativity.
Verhaeghen, P., Joormann, J., & Khan, R. (2005) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.5.2.226 · Cited by 191
“Particularly, Watkins and Mason (2002) hypothesized that ruminators use a default “as many as can” stop rule and take their negative mood state as information that they are not satisfied with the number of items generated.”
BackgroundResult
Early Adolescent Gender Differences in the Use of Ruminative and Distracting Coping Strategies
Broderick, P. C. (1998) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431698018002003 · Cited by 182
Adult attachment security and college student substance use
Kassel, J. D., Wardle, M. C., & Roberts, J. E. (2006) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.08.005 · Cited by 181
Why do people ruminate in dysphoric moods?
Watkins, E. R., & Baracaia, S. F. (2001) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00053-2 · Cited by 195
“The scale also shows predictive validity with participants scoring above median on this scale signi®cantly more likely than participants scoring below median to choose to engage in an emotion-focused task rather than a task unrelated to emotion while they were in a depressed mood (Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994).”
Background
Relationships between Cognitive Strategies of Adolescents and Depressive Symptomatology across Different Types of Life Event
Garnefski, N., Boon, S., & Kraaij, V. (2003) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1023/a:1025994200559 · Cited by 179
Loss and Meaning
Davis, C. G., & Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2001) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764201044005003 · Cited by 177
Self-citation
Effects of induced rumination and distraction on mood and overgeneral autobiographical memory in adolescent Major Depressive Disorder and controls
Park, R. J., Goodyer, I. M., & Teasdale, J. D. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00291.x · Cited by 180
The link between emotional competence and well-being: a longitudinal study
Ciarrochi, J., & Scott, G. (2006) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069880600583287 · Cited by 198
“Longitudinal studies have established that people who engage in more rumination have higher levels of depressive symptoms over time and perceive themselves to be receiving less social support, even when controlling for their baseline levels of depressive symptoms (Nolen-Hoeksema & Davis, 1999 ; Nolen-Hoeksema et al ,…”
Background
Gendered Manifestations of Depression and Help Seeking Among Men
Call, J. B., & Shafer, K. M. (2015) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988315623993 · Cited by 208
A socio-relational framework of sex differences in the expression of emotion
Vigil, J. M. (2009) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x09991075 · Cited by 173
“In addition, women recall emotional memories more quickly and frequently (Davis 1999), intensely (Seidlitz & Diener 1998), and ruminate more on negative events compared to men (Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994; Wood et al. 1990).”
Background
Down-Regulation of Negative Emotional Processing by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Effects of Personality Characteristics
Peña-Gómez, C., Dídac Vidal-piñeiro, A., Clemente, I. C., Pascual‐Leone, Á., & Bartrés‐Faz, D. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022812 · Cited by 187
“Finally, the up-regulation of negative emotions in subjects with high scores on neuroticism compared to more stable individuals [46] led us to hypothesize that left DLPFC stimulation would mainly modulate negative emotional ratings in these individuals.”
Background
Metacognitive therapy for PTSD: a preliminary investigation of a new brief treatment.
Wells, A., & Sembi, S. (2004) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.07.001 · Cited by 175
Appraisals and strategies associated with rumination and worry
Watkins, E. R. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.10.002 · Cited by 166
Relations between social and emotional competence and mental health: a construct validation study
Ciarrochi, J., Scott, G., Deane, F. P., & Heaven, P. C. L. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(03)00043-6 · Cited by 169
Emotion Regulation Flexibility: Gender Differences in Context Sensitivity and Repertoire
Goubet, K. E., & Chrysikou, E. G. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00935 · Cited by 207
Autobiographical memory specificity and the course of major depressive disorder
Peeters, F. P. M. L., Wessel, I., Merckelbach, H. L. G. J., & Boon-Vermeeren, M. (2002) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1053/comp.2002.34635 · Cited by 164
Avoidance processes mediate the relationship between rumination and symptoms of complicated grief and depression following loss
Eisma, M. C., Stroebe, M. S., Schut, H. A. W., Stroebe, W., Boelen, P. A., & van den Bout, J. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034051 · Cited by 154
Brief report: Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and psychological adjustment in adolescents with a chronic disease
Garnefski, N., Koopman, H. M., Kraaij, V., & Cate, R. T. (2008) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.01.003 · Cited by 158
Cognitive avoidance of intrusive memories: Recall vantage perspective and associations with depression
Williams, A. D., & Moulds, M. L. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.09.005 · Cited by 170
Defensive pessimism, optimism, and stimulating alternatives: Some ups and downs of prefactual and counterfactual thinking.
Sanna, L. J. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.71.5.1020 · Cited by 188
“Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991; Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker, & Larson, 1994 ).”
Rumination, distraction and mindful self focus: Effects on mood, dysfunctional attitudes and cortisol stress response
Kuehner, C., Huffziger, S., & Liebsch, K. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291708003553 · Cited by 154
“…observational studies for the proposed prediction of response styles regarding onset, severity and duration of depressed moods in non-clinical (e.g. Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 1994, 2007; Nolen-Hoeksema, 2000 ; Abela et al. 2002 ; Sarin et al. 2005 ; Smith et al. 2006 ; Hong, 2007) and clinical samples…”
Background
Coping with health problems: Developing a reliable and valid multidimensional measure.
Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A., & Summerfeldt, L. J. (1998) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.10.3.195 · Cited by 162
Getting Unstuck: The Roles of Hope, Finding Meaning, and Rumination in the Adjustment to Bereavement among College Students
Michael, S. T., & Snyder, C. R. R. (2005) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481180590932544 · Cited by 152
“Some bereavement research has demonstrated that persistent cognitive focusing on thoughts and feelings related to grief is beneficial (Bower, Kemeny, Taylor, & Fahey, 1998 ); conversely other studies suggest that such persistent focusing is maladaptive (Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker, & Larson, 1994 ).”
Background
A Prospective Study of Rumination and Depression in Early Adolescence
Broderick, P. C., & Korteland, C. (2004) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1359104504043920 · Cited by 151
The influence of child gender role and maternal feedback to child stress on the emergence of the gender difference in depressive rumination in adolescence.
Cox, S. J., Mezulis, A. H., & Hyde, J. S. (2010) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0019813 · Cited by 159
Stress and Oppressed Social Category Membership
Allison, K. (1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012679130-3/50042-9 · Cited by 157
Vulnerability to Social Stress: Coping as a Mediator or Moderator of Sociotropy and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression
Connor-Smith, J. K., & Compas, B. E. (2002) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1013889504101 · Cited by 152
“This pattern of coping is likely to be problematic for sociotropic individuals, as avoidance strategies have been linked to increases in intrusive thoughts, anxiety, and depression (Wegner 1994, 1997), whereas distraction has been associated with fewer symptoms (Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 1994; Wegner, 1994).”
Background
Rumination and impaired resource allocation in depression.
Levens, S. M., Muhtadie, L., & Gotlib, I. H. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017206 · Cited by 167
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Pilot Study
Eisendrath, S. J., Delucchi, K., Bitner, R., Fenimore, P., Smit, M., & McLane, M. (2008) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000142525 · Cited by 156
Procrastination and Depression from a Cognitive Perspective: An Exploration of the Associations Among Procrastinatory Automatic Thoughts, Rumination, and Mindfulness
Flett, A. L., Haghbin, M., & Pychyl, T. A. (2016) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-016-0235-1 · Cited by 146
When thinking hurts: Attachment, rumination, and postrelationship adjustment
Saffrey, C., & Ehrenberg, M. F. (2007) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2007.00160.x · Cited by 158
The Effect of Rumination as a Mediator of Elevated Anxiety Sensitivity in Major Depression
Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Taylor, S. J. (2001) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1005580518671 · Cited by 144
Ruminative coping as avoidance
Stroebe, M., Boelen, P. A., van den Hout, M., Stroebe, W., Salemink, E., & van den Bout, J. (2007) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-007-0746-y · Cited by 157
“bereavement outcomes. Foremost research on rumination in the bereavement field has been conducted by Nolen-Hoeksema [48, 50], Nolen-Hoeksema et al. [46, 53 ], within the framework of her Response Styles Theory [43].”
Method
Intrusive memories and rumination in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: A phenomenological comparison
Speckens, A. E. M., Ehlers, A., Hackmann, A., Ruths, F. A., & Clark, D. M. (2007) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658210701256449 · Cited by 144
“Rumination has also been shown to be linked to subsequent depressive symptoms following negative life events such as an earthquake (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991 ) and bereavement (Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker, & Larson, 1994 ).”
Background
Attachment style, current relationship security, and negative emotions: The mediating role of physiological regulation
Diamond, L. M., & Hicks, A. M. (2005) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407505054520 · Cited by 155
“There is extensive evidence that exaggerated and sustained negative emotional reactivity is associated with psychological maladjustment (Cooper, Shaver, & Collins, 1998; Gross & Munoz, 1995), anxiety and depressive disorders ( Nolen-Hoeksema, Parker, & Larson, 1994 ) and even impaired neuroendocrine, autonomic, and im…”
Background
Automatic emotion regulation after social exclusion: Tuning to positivity.
DeWall, C. N., Twenge, J. M., Koole, S. L., Baumeister, R. F., Marquez, A., & Reid, M. W. (2011) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0023534 · Cited by 140
Repetitive Thought and Emotional Distress: Rumination and Worry as Prospective Predictors of Depressive and Anxious Symptomatology
Calmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9026-9 · Cited by 162
Postbereavement depressive mood and its prebereavement predictors in HIV+ and HIV– gay men.
Folkman, S., Chesney, M., Collette, L., Boccellari, A., & Cooke, M. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.2.336 · Cited by 141

Authors: Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Parker, L. E., & Larson, J.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1994
Volume: 67
Issue: 1
Pages: 92-104
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.67.1.92
OpenAlex: W4295812738
Cited by: 932
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 13.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: rumination, coping, depressive mood, bereavement, loss, grief

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss.

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks