Cited by 3,030Stress Responses and CortisolPersonality Traits and PsychologyAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Health complaints, stress, and distress: Exploring the central role of negative affectivity.

Watson, David, Pennebaker, James W.·1989·Psychological Review

DOI 10.1037/0033-295x.96.2.234

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Abstract

Most current models in health psychology assume that stress adversely affects physical health. We re-examined this assumption by reviewing extensive data from the literature and from six samples of our own, in which we collected measures of personality, health and fitness, stress, and current emotional functioning. Results indicate that self-report health measures reflect a pervasive mood disposition of negative affectivity (NA); self-report stress scales also contain a substantial NA component. However, although NA is correlated with health compliant scales, it is not strongly or consistently related to actual, long-term health status, and thus will act as a general nuisance factor in health research. Because self-report measures of stress and health both contain a significant NA component, correlations between such measures likely overestimate the true association between stress and health. Results demonstrate the importance of including different types of health measures in health psychology research.

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Authors: Watson, D., & Pennebaker, J. W.
Affiliations: Southern Methodist University (US)
ORCID: Watson, David
Pennebaker, James W.
Venue: Psychological Review
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1989
Volume: 96
Issue: 2
Pages: 234-254
ISSN: 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
1939-1471
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.96.2.234
OpenAlex: W2057665264
Cited by: 3,030
References: 154
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 95 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 82 · 2017: 92 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 112 · 2014: 92 · 2013: 88 · 2012: 91
FWCI: 25.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL32547)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: negative affectivity, stress, health complaints, personality, health status, emotional functioning
MeSH terms: Adult, Coronary Disease, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Personality Tests, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Sick Role, Stress, Psychological

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Health complaints, stress, and distress: Exploring the central role of negative affectivity.

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