The DOI matches its Crossref record; 161 of the 161 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Social and Psychological Resources and Adaptation
Abstract
Psychology has increasingly turned to the study of psychosocial resources in the examination of well-being. How resources are being studied and resource models that have been proffered are considered, and an attempt is made to examine elements that bridge across models. As resource models span health, community, cognitive, and clinical psychology, the question is raised of whether there is overuse of the resource metaphor or whether there exists some underlying principles that can be gleaned and incorporated to advance research. The contribution of resources for understanding multicultural and pan-historical adaptation in the face of challenge is considered.
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“Individuals who possess greater stocks of personal resources (e.g., energy, knowledge, skills) are better equipped to succeed at work tasks which require expenditure of these resources (Hobfoll, 2002).”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Hobfoll, 2002
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La teoría de las demandas y los recursos laborales
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2013) · Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.5093/tr2013a16 · Cited by 361
“Esto concuerda con la idea de que, en ausencia de amenazas, las personas están motivadas para crear recursos (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundZaidman‐Zait, A., Mirenda, P., Duku, E., Vaillancourt, T., Smith, I. M., Szatmári, P., Bryson, S. E., Fombonne, E. J., Volden, J., Waddell, C., et al. (2016) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316633033 · Cited by 227
“Two of the main sources of coping with stress are personal and social resources (Hobfoll, 2002; Holahan et al., 1997; McCubbin and Patterson, 1983).”
BackgroundDatu, J. A. D., King, R. B., & Valdez, J. P. M. (2016) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2016.1257056 · Cited by 237
“The adaptive function of PsyCap in the academic context offers considerable support to the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 2002) which emphasizes the significance of accumulating multiple psychological resources to experience optimal functioning.”
BackgroundDrought as a mental health exposure
OBrien, L. V., Berry, H. L., Coleman, C., & Hanigan, I. C. (2014) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2014.03.014 · Cited by 197
“We simply noted that people adapt to their environment (Hobfoll, 2002) and that mental resilience tends to break down in the face of stressors that are severe or prolonged (Pearlin, 1999).”
BackgroundInfluentialZacher, H., Brailsford, H. A., & Parker, S. L. (2014) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.005 · Cited by 233
JONGE, J. D., Blanc, P. M. L., Peeters, M. C. W., & Noordam, H. (2008) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.11.002 · Cited by 220
Workplace bullying and employee silence
Rai, A., & Agarwal, U. A. (2017) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-03-2017-0071 · Cited by 221
“…standpoint, receiving support contributes to a positive sense of self in addition to a feeling that one can overcome the demanding circumstances (Hobfoll, 2002; Hobfoll and Freedy, 1993; Hobfoll et al., 1990) and also serves as a recovery mechanism (Mayo et al., 2012; Sonnentag, 2003).”
BackgroundKim, M., & Beehr, T. A. (2017) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051817727702 · Cited by 227
“In addition to the JD-R model, a second resources theory, the conservation of resources theory (COR; Hobfoll, 1989, 2002) suggests that maximizing task and social job resources has a positive effect on physical and emotional well-being, because a larger pool of resources improves employees’…”
BackgroundMethodWorkplace team resilience: A systematic review and conceptual development
Hartwig, A., Clarke, S., Johnson, S. J., & Willis, S. M. (2020) · Organizational Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/2041386620919476 · Cited by 253
“In alignment with COR theory (Hobfoll, 2002), team members’ motivation, knowledge, and skills may serve as key resources for the team and facilitate resilient team-level processes and outcomes.”
BackgroundBakker, A. B., ten Brummelhuis, L. L., Prins, J., & der Heijden, F. M. M. A. V. (2010) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.12.004 · Cited by 223
Weigl, M., Hornung, S., Parker, S. K., Petru, R., Glaser, J., & Angerer, P. (2010) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.03.002 · Cited by 209
Building engagement in the workplace
Bakker, A. B. (2008) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203971611-14 · Cited by 193
Social media addiction and social media reactions: The implications for job performance
Zivnuska, S., Carlson, J. R., Carlson, D. S., Harris, R. B., & Harris, K. J. (2019) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2019.1578725 · Cited by 233
“It may be that although SM addiction captures one’s time and attention, it does not deplete a large amount of emotional resources related to the job (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundInfluentialvan der Velden, P. G., Contino, C., Das, M., van Loon, P. V., & Bosmans, M. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.026 · Cited by 175
“Nevertheless, and also based on the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002; Hobfoll et al., 2018) we may expect that this pandemic has negative effects among the general population since it directly or indirectly threatens important resources such as safety and health (for…”
The role of career competencies in the Job Demands — Resources model
Akkermans, J., Schaufeli, W. B., Brenninkmeijer, V., & Blonk, R. W. B. (2013) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.011 · Cited by 203
Work-family enrichment and job performance: A constructive replication of affective events theory.
Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., Zivnuska, S., Ferguson, M. J., & Whitten, D. (2011) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022880 · Cited by 208
Coworking Spaces: A Source of Social Support for Independent Professionals
Gerdenitsch, C., Scheel, T., Andorfer, J., & Korunka, C. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00581 · Cited by 243
“Based on the conservation of resources theory (COR theory; Hobfoll, 1989, 2002), we derived a moderated mediation model that we tested for both sources of social support.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialExplaining Employee Engagement with Strategic Change Implementation: A Meaning-Making Approach
Sonenshein, S. B., & Dholakia, U. M. (2011) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1110.0651 · Cited by 205
“Following other scholars, we define a psychological resource broadly as something either valued as its own end or something that facilitates obtaining other (desirable) ends (Hobfoll 2002).”
BackgroundBal, P. M., & Kooij, D. T. A. M. (2010) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/13594321003669079 · Cited by 220
“The mediating role of psychological contract between work centrality and job attitudes can be explained by job orientation theory and resource theory (Grant & Wade-Benzoni, 2009; Hobfoll, 1989, 2002).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialA Social Influence Interpretation of Workplace Ostracism and Counterproductive Work Behavior
Yang, J., & Treadway, D. C. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2912-x · Cited by 198
Sense of purpose as a psychological resource for aging well.
Windsor, T. D., Curtis, R. G., & Luszcz, M. A. (2015) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000023 · Cited by 190
“…is the notion that a coherent and enduring sense of what one values and hopes to achieve enables the setting of meaningful goals, and the efficient organization of resources (e.g., time, effort, money; see Hobfoll, 2002) to maximize opportunities for goal attainment (McKnight & Kashdan, 2009).”
BackgroundFernet, C., Lavigne, G. L., Vallerand, R. J., & Austin, S. (2014) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2014.935524 · Cited by 225
“Our results offer a more nuanced perspective on the notion of investment in resources, as proposed in the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 2002).”
ResultInclusive Leadership and Taking-Charge Behavior: Roles of Psychological Safety and Thriving at Work
Zeng, H., Zhao, L., & Zhao, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00062 · Cited by 233
“Conservation of resource theory (COR) argues that individuals strive to acquire, retain, and preserve crucial resources (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundFernet, C., Gagné, M., & Austin, S. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.673 · Cited by 225
“These results are in line with the resource substitution mechanism proposed by the conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 2002), suggesting that when a valuable resource is lost or absent, other kinds of resources may be substituted.”
ResultElkhwesky, Z., Salem, I. E., Ramkissoon, H. R., & Castañeda-García, J.-A. (2022) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-09-2021-1128 · Cited by 203
The psychological contracts of violation victims: A post‐violation model
Tomprou, M., Rousseau, D. M., & Hansen, S. D. (2015) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1997 · Cited by 205
Rego, A., Owens, B. P., Leal, S. C. H., Melo, A. I., Cunha, M. P. E., Gonçalves, L. C., & Ribeiro, P. C. E. (2017) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.02.002 · Cited by 200
“Luthans and Youssef (2007, p. 335) also argued that “allied support” for the conceptualization of PsyCap as a higher-order core construct emerges from the psychological resource theories (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundThe concept of psychological capital: a comprehensive review
Nolzen, N. (2018) · Management Review Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11301-018-0138-6 · Cited by 223
Daily self-management and employee work engagement
Breevaart, K., Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2013) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2013.11.002 · Cited by 184
“As job resources hold intrinsic value to people and people are motivated to gain, protect, and regain resources (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002), this latitude to decide how to perform work makes it likely that self-managing individuals mobilize their own resources.”
Shao, R., & Skarlicki, D. P. (2012) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12021 · Cited by 192
Babic, A., & Hansez, I. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618250 · Cited by 184
“As previously mentioned, workers losing resources due to WFC (Hobfoll, 1989) want to protect their remaining resources (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundLeadership styles, emotion regulation, and burnout.
Arnold, K. A., Connelly, C. E., Walsh, M. M., & Ginis, K. A. M. (2015) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0039045 · Cited by 183
“It is much more difficult for an individual to regain resources once they are depleted, although those with many resources are able to gain more easily (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundZhang, Y., Liu, X., Xu, S., Yang, L.-Q., & Bednall, T. C. (2019) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206318823935 · Cited by 183
Bal, P. M., Cooman, R. D., & Mol, S. T. (2011) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2011.626198 · Cited by 209
“As explained by the Conservation of Resources Theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002), people are motivated to protect, replenish, and invest in resources.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialUsing the job demands-resources model to predict engagement: Analysing a conceptual model
Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2010) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203853047-11 · Cited by 178
Avey, J. B., Nimnicht, J. L., & Pigeon, N. G. (2010) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/01437731011056425 · Cited by 195
The Potential Role of Mindsets in Unleashing Employee Engagement
Keating, L. A., & Heslin, P. A. (2015) · Academy of Management Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.01.008 · Cited by 227
Rhee, S., Hur, W., & Kim, M. (2016) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-016-9469-2 · Cited by 200
“Relatedly, Conservation of Resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll 2002) proposes that people strive to obtain, retain, and protect valued resources and that having insufficient resources to meet job or social-interactional demands heightens the level of stress”
BackgroundThe relationship between person-organization fit and job satisfaction
Chen, P., Sparrow, P., & Cooper, C. L. (2016) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/jmp-08-2014-0236 · Cited by 178
“COR theory proposes that individuals are motivated to acquire and maintain resources and that what they find threatening is the potential or actual loss of these valued resources (Hobfoll, 2002; Viswesvaran, Sanchez, & Fisher, 1999).”
BackgroundKayaalp, A., Page, K. J., & Rospenda, K. M. (2021) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2020.1832609 · Cited by 177
“In line with COR theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002), the findings support the idea that as caregiving burden increases, the limited amount of time and energy available to spend on work role will decrease.”
BackgroundMethodKhan, M. M., Mubarik, M. S., Islam, T., Rehman, A., Ahmed, S. S., Khan, E., & Sohail, F. (2021) · European Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1108/ejim-09-2020-0367 · Cited by 228
Crafting sustainable work: development of personal resources
Kira, M., van Eijnatten, F. M., & Balkin, D. B. (2010) · Journal of Organizational Change Management · doi:10.1108/09534811011071315 · Cited by 193
“In other words, we suggest that the approach that we advance for crafting sustainable work is particularly relevant in post-industrial work and workplaces Hobfoll (2002)”
BackgroundLoi, R. C. H., Ngo, H., Zhang, L., & Lau, V. P. (2010) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1348/096317910x510468 · Cited by 176
de Jonge, J., Spoor, E., Sonnentag, S., Dormann, C., & van den Tooren, M. (2012) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2011.576009 · Cited by 172
“According to Hockey (2000) as well as Zijlstra and Sonnentag (2006), effort expenditure during work draws on an employee’s internal resources, and may lead to resource depletion (see also Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundTeng, R., Zhou, S., Zheng, W., & Ma, C. (2023) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-02-2023-0240 · Cited by 180
Towards a multilevel approach of employee well-being
Bakker, A. B. (2015) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2015.1071423 · Cited by 213
“Hobfoll (2002) has argued that resource loss can trigger a “loss spiral”, whereas resource gain can trigger a “gain spiral”.”
BackgroundThe role of workaholism in the job demands-resources model
Molino, M., Bakker, A. B., & Ghislieri, C. (2015) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2015.1070833 · Cited by 196
“From a personal resources perspective supported by Conservation of Resources theory (Hobfoll, 2002), workaholics’ tendency to devote more resources to work leaves them with fewer resources for their family.”
Bacharach, S. B., & Bamberger, P. A. (2007) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2007.26279180 · Cited by 172
“…distress coping may only result in further resource deterioration, “with negative sequelae occurring in increasingly rapid and critical loss cycles” (Hobfoll, 2002: 314) and (2) having already depleted their resource reservoirs in attempting to cope with a critical incident itself, victims may…”
BackgroundInfluentialWork engagement, emotional exhaustion, and counterproductive work behavior
Chen, H., Richard, O. C., Boncoeur, O. D., & Ford, D. L. (2020) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.03.025 · Cited by 215
Authentic Leadership and Employee Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Attachment Insecurity
Rahimnia, F., & Sharifirad, M. S. (2014) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2318-1 · Cited by 180
Kim, H. J., Hur, W., Moon, T., & Jun, J.-K. (2017) · BRQ Business Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.brq.2016.11.002 · Cited by 181
“Social support has long been identified as a resource that nables people to cope with stress (Hobfoll, 2002; Fenlason nd Beehr, 1994).”
BackgroundZhu, H., Lyu, Y., Deng, X., & Ye, Y. (2017) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.04.004 · Cited by 175
“Given the importance of resources, people endeavor to obtain, retain, and protect valued resources and reduce any threats of resource loss (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002).”
BackgroundShantz, A. D., Alfes, K., & Latham, G. P. (2014) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21653 · Cited by 211
“In the present study, we jointly apply conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 2001, 2002) and the buffering hypothesis (Caplan, 1974) to argue that an organizational resource, that is, perceived organizational support (POS; Eisenberger, Huntington, Hutchison, & Sowa, 1986) may compensate for a…”
MethodThe longitudinal development of employee well-being: a systematic review
Mäkikangas, A., Kinnunen, U. M., Feldt, T., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2016) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2015.1126870 · Cited by 204
“The main principle of the COR theory is that people are motivated to gain, maintain, and accumulate resources – which can be anything that is either valuable in its own right or important for protecting other resources or attaining future goals (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002).”
Albulescu, P., Macsinga, I., Rusu, A., Șulea, C., Bodnaru, A., & Tulbure, B. T. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0272460 · Cited by 257
“The general assumption is that employees have a particular supply of personal resources, such as directed attention or mental resilience instrumental for achieving work goals [36].”
BackgroundUnraveling the daily stress crossover between unemployed individuals and their employed spouses.
Song, Z., Foo, M., Uy, M. A., & Sun, S. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021035 · Cited by 168
How to understand and improve older people’s self-management of wellbeing
Steverink, N., Lindenberg, S. M., & Slaets, J. P. J. (2005) · European Journal of Ageing · doi:10.1007/s10433-005-0012-y · Cited by 178
“Key resources that are identified in the literature are, for example, self-efficacy, optimism and social support (e.g. Hobfoll 2002).”
BackgroundWork–family effects of servant leadership: The roles of emotional exhaustion and personal learning
Tang, G., Kwan, H. K., Zhang, D., & Zhu, Z. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2559-7 · Cited by 167
How Psychological Capital Mediates Between Study–Related Positive Emotions and Academic Performance
Carmona-Halty, M. A., Salanova, M., Llorens, S., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2018) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-018-9963-5 · Cited by 198
“Based on B&B theory (Fredrikson 1998) and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll 2002), Luthans and Youssef-Morgan (2017) refer to PsyCap as a positive personal resource.”
BackgroundComputer self-efficacy, learning performance, and the mediating role of learning engagement
Chen, I.-S. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.059 · Cited by 181
“The combined insight from COR theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002) and a theoretically extended JD-R model (Rich et al., 2010) may explainwhy self-efficacy improves individuals' level of engagement at work.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialGrant, A. M., & Campbell, E. M. (2006) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1348/096317906x169553 · Cited by 170
“Perceived prosocial impact thereby serves as a psychological resource (Hobfoll, 2002) for dissonance reduction.”
BackgroundPsychological Capital: Definition, Components and Effects
Çavuş, M. F., & Gökçen, A. (2014) · Journal of Education Society and Behavioural Science · doi:10.9734/bjesbs/2015/12574 · Cited by 205
“resiliency to improve the performance and impact motivation [71].”
BackgroundWhere to go from here: Integration and future research on work engagement
Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2010) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203853047-17 · Cited by 164
What is entrepreneurial failure? Implications for future research
Jenkins, A. S., & McKelvie, A. (2016) · International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/0266242615574011 · Cited by 163
“Coping theories (Hobfoll, 2002; Lazarus and Folkman, 1984), for example, can be used to understand this process.”
BackgroundSingh, B., Shaffer, M. A., & Selvarajan, T. T. (2017) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2223 · Cited by 180
Hindrances are not threats: Advancing the multidimensionality of work stress.
Tuckey, M. R., Searle, B. J., Boyd, C. M., Winefield, A. H., & Winefield, H. R. (2014) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038280 · Cited by 181
Karatepe, O. M., & Karadaş, G. (2014) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.09.005 · Cited by 171
Is There a Downside to Good Self-control?
Baumeister, R. F., & Alquist, J. L. (2009) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860802501474 · Cited by 159
“Another standard response to limited resources is to conserve them (eg, Hobfoll, 2002 ).”
BackgroundEldor, L. (2018) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/mux028 · Cited by 159
Crossover of Work–Life Balance Perceptions: Does Authentic Leadership Matter?
Braun, S. H., & Peus, C. V. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3078-x · Cited by 190
“Conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll 1989, 2002) posits that individuals are motivated to ‘‘obtain, retain, and protect resources’’ (Hobfoll 2002, p. 312), and that perceptions of stress result from resource threat or loss.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWhen “embedded” means “stuck”: Moderating effects of job embeddedness in adverse work environments.
Allen, D. G., Peltokorpi, V., & Rubenstein, A. L. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000134 · Cited by 169
Demerouti, E. (2025) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115296 · Cited by 269
From Positive Orientation to Job performance: The Role of Work Engagement and Self-efficacy Beliefs
Alessandri, G., Боргогни, Л., Schaufeli, W. B., Caprara, G. V., & Consiglio, C. (2014) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-014-9533-4 · Cited by 194
“This means that positive self-evaluations, such as those captured by P-OR, fit with the general definition of a basic personal resource which allows people to adapt to or cope with environmental demands and stressors and improve well-being (Hobfoll 2002; Hobfoll et al. 2003; Turner et al. 2004).”
BackgroundTang, C. M. F., & Lam, D. (2017) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-02-2016-0048 · Cited by 163
Aguilar, E. D. C., Zevallos-Francia, M., Morales-García, M., Ramírez‐Coronel, A. A., Morales-García, S. B., Sairitupa-Sanchez, L. Z., & Morales-García, W. C. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1202048 · Cited by 226
“Work resources refer to the psychological capacities that enable individuals to be flexible and adaptable to exhausting resource circumstances (20).”
BackgroundBacharach, S. B., Bamberger, P. A., & Doveh, E. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.155 · Cited by 156
“, loss spirals), and, ultimately, personal resource impoverishment and psychological distress (Hobfoll, 2002; Holahan, Moos, Holahan, & Cronkite, 1999).”
BackgroundXia, N., Xie, Q., Hu, X., Wang, X., & Meng, H. (2019) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2019.105350 · Cited by 177
Perfectionism and the Five-factor Personality Traits as Predictors of Mortality in Older Adults
Fry, P. S., & Debats, D. L. (2009) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105309103571 · Cited by 154
“The underlying assumption of our research is derived from a ‘diathesis-stress to resilience’model proposed with particular reference to old age (see Gatz, 1998; Hobfoll, 2002; Hobfoll &Wells, 1998).”
MethodWork engagement versus workaholism: a test of the spillover-crossover model
Bakker, A. B., Shimazu, A., Demerouti, E., Shimada, K., & Kawakami, N. (2013) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/jmp-05-2013-0148 · Cited by 159
Determinants of Turnover Intention of Social Workers
Cho, Y. J., & Song, H. J. (2017) · Public Personnel Management · doi:10.1177/0091026017696395 · Cited by 154
“With limited resources and time, social workers may adopt a surface acting strategy to manage the whole workload while avoiding mental exhaustion (Hobfoll, 2002; Muraven & Baumeister, 2000).”
BackgroundBryan, C., O’Shea, D. E., & Macintyre, T. E. (2017) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2017.1381140 · Cited by 182
“For example, Hobfoll (2001) identified resource caravans to represent how patterns of resources may typically occur together, which may contribute to”
BackgroundEquilibrating resources and challenges during crises: a framework for service ecosystem well-being
Finsterwalder, J., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2020) · Journal of Service Management · doi:10.1108/josm-06-2020-0201 · Cited by 154
Chen, S., Westman, M., & Eden, D. (2009) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015282 · Cited by 158
“Persons who get social support are more stress resistant and enjoy better mental and physical health (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundThe Long‐Term Consequences of Relationship Formation for Subjective Well‐Being
Soons, J. P. M., Liefbroer, A. C., & Kalmijn, M. (2009) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00667.x · Cited by 163
Career adaptability and career success in the context of a broader career resources framework
Haenggli, M., & Hirschi, A. (2020) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103414 · Cited by 185
The Big Five Personality Factors as Predictors of Changes Across Time in Burnout and Its Facets
Armon, G., Shirom, A., & Melamed, S. (2011) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00731.x · Cited by 150
Burns, A. J., Posey, C., Roberts, T., & Lowry, P. B. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.018 · Cited by 173
Zhou, X. L., Ma, J., & Dong, X. (2017) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2017.06.016 · Cited by 162
“Furthermore, engaged employees tend to view work as fun and challenging rather than stressful and demanding (Bakker, Schaufeli, Leiter, & Taris, 2008), which serves as a valuable resource to address depressive work environment and achieve self-development (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002, 2011).”
BackgroundThe cost of being ignored: Emotional exhaustion in the work and family domains.
Thompson, M. J., Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Vogel, R. M. (2019) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000433 · Cited by 163
Khan, M. M., Mubarik, M. S., & Islam, T. (2020) · European Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1108/ejim-05-2020-0187 · Cited by 181
Huang, S., Yin, H., & Lv, L. (2019) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2018.1543855 · Cited by 148
“For example, job resources may buffer the negative effects of job demands on individuals’ well-being, and the positive effects of job resources are only salient in the face of job demands (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007; Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundInfluentialDiestel, S., Rivkin, W., & Schmidt, K. (2014) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038373 · Cited by 160
“One’s motivation to flexibly conserve resources or selectively invest self-control effort is based upon inner goals or actual priorities, which are rooted in the intention to retain and protect resource supply (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundRecovery at Work: Understanding the Restorative Side of "Depleting" Client Interactions
Lilius, J. M. (2012) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2010.0458 · Cited by 159
“…dealing extensively with other human beings” (Maslach, 1982: 3) leads to burnout for some but not all caregivers is the concept of “resources,” which have been defined broadly as “entities valued in their own right . . . or that act as a means to obtain centrally valued ends” (Hobfoll, 2002: 307).”
BackgroundStéphan, Y., Caudroit, J., & Chalabaëv, A. (2011) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2010.536138 · Cited by 161
“…with the aging process, to keep up relatively high levels of everyday functioning, and to achieve his/her personal goals and fulfill his/her basic physical and psychological needs (Bishop et al., 2006; Diener & Fujita, 1995; Hobfoll, 2002; Lang et al., 2002; Stephan, 2009; Steverink et al., 2001).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPsychological Capital Predicts Academic Engagement and Well-Being in Filipino High School Students
Datu, J. A. D., & Valdez, J. P. M. (2015) · The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · doi:10.1007/s40299-015-0254-1 · Cited by 179
Chung, Y. W. (2018) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2018.1424835 · Cited by 162
“Conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002) suggests that individuals want to be in situations that are pleasurable for themselves and avoid situations that further result in a loss of resources.”
BackgroundWorkplace ostracism and cyberloafing: a moderated–mediation model
Koay, K. Y. (2018) · Internet Research · doi:10.1108/intr-07-2017-0268 · Cited by 153
Risk of burnout in French entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 crisis
Torrès, O., Benzari, A., Fisch, C. O., Mukerjee, J., Swalhi, A., & Thurik, R. (2021) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-021-00516-2 · Cited by 158
“According to the COR theory (Hobfoll, 2001), all individuals are motivated to retain, protect, and acquire things that are valuable to them, referred to as “resources” (Hobfoll, 2002).”
BackgroundNeed for recovery, home–work interference and performance: Is lack of concentration the link?
Demerouti, E., Taris, T. W., & Bakker, A. B. (2007) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2007.06.002 · Cited by 162
“This suggests the existence of a negative spiral (cf. Hobfoll, 1989, 2002) in which employees’ scores on these concepts become increasingly more adverse.”
BackgroundShirom, A., Nirel, N., & Vinokur, A. D. (2009) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2009.00411.x · Cited by 163
“COR theory postulates that personal resources affect one another and exist as a resource pool—lacking one is often associated with lacking another.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Hobfoll, S. E.
- Affiliations
- Kent State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hobfoll, Stevan E.
- ORCID
- Hobfoll, Stevan E.
- Venue
- Review of General Psychology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 307-324
- ISSN
- 1089-2680 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1552
- OpenAlex
- W1997397294
- Cited by
- 4,594
- References
- 152
- Citations by year
- 2026: 292 · 2025: 384 · 2024: 329 · 2023: 409 · 2022: 422 · 2021: 394 · 2020: 316 · 2019: 306 · 2018: 262 · 2017: 215 · 2016: 200 · 2015: 185 · 2014: 184 · 2013: 153 · 2012: 111
- FWCI
- 13.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Review of General Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
- Keywords
- psychosocial resources, well-being, resource model, adaptation, multicultural adaptation, psychological resilience, community resources, cognitive resources, clinical psychology
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