Testing the relations between impulsivity-related traits, suicidality, and nonsuicidal self-injury: A test of the incremental validity of the UPPS model.

Lynam, Donald R.; Miller, Joshua D.; Miller, Drew J.; Bornovalova, Marina A.; Lejuez, C. W.

doi:10.1037/a0019978

Cited by 177Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyPersonality Traits and Psychology

Testing the relations between impulsivity-related traits, suicidality, and nonsuicidal self-injury: A test of the incremental validity of the UPPS model.

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Lynam, Donald R., Miller, Joshua D., Miller, Drew J., Bornovalova, Marina A., Lejuez, C. W.·2011·Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

DOI 10.1037/a0019978PMC PMC3152436

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Abstract

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) has received significant attention as a predictor of suicidal behavior (SB) and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Despite significant promise, trait impulsivity has received less attention. Understanding the relations between impulsivity and SB and NSSI is confounded, unfortunately, by the heterogeneous nature of impulsivity. This study examined the relations among 4 personality pathways to impulsive behavior studied via the UPPS model of impulsivity and SB and NSSI in a residential sample of drug abusers (N = 76). In this study, we tested whether these 4 impulsivity-related traits (i.e., Negative Urgency, Sensation Seeking, Lack of Premeditation, and Lack of Perseverance) provide incremental validity in the statistical prediction of SB and NSSI above and beyond BPD; they do. We also tested whether BPD symptoms provide incremental validity in the prediction of SB and NSSI above and beyond these impulsivity-related traits; they do not. In addition to the main effects of Lack of Premeditation and Negative Urgency, we found evidence of a robust interaction between these 2 personality traits. The current results argue strongly for the consideration of these 2 impulsivity-related domains--alone and in interaction--when attempting to understand and predict SB and NSSI.

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Negative urgency impulsivity increases the likelihood of SI.
“Unsurprisingly, negative urgency impulsivity increases the likelihood of SI [41]”
From Frontal Pole Neuromodulation for Impulsivity and Suicidality in Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Common Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
The Results (Bivariate Correlations; page unavailable) report a significant positive association between Negative Urgency and all five suicidality and self-injury measures, including past suicidal ideation. The Results (Incremental Validity; page unavailable) also find that its association with these outcomes was strong among participants low in premeditation but nonsignificant among those high in premeditation. These associations support a link with SI, but do not establish that Negative Urgency itself increases its likelihood. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The UPPS-P Negative Urgency subscale has Cronbach alpha=0.91 (very high).
“Cronbach α=0.91 (very high) [41,97]”
From Frontal Pole Neuromodulation for Impulsivity and Suicidality in Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Common Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
The Method > Measures section describes the four-trait UPPS scale and gives a mean and standard deviation for Negative Urgency, but no Cronbach alpha. Searches for “0.91,” “Cronbach alpha,” and Negative Urgency reliability found no passage supporting the claimed value; the copy also identifies the instrument used as UPPS, not UPPS-P. Page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors: Lynam, D. R., Miller, J. D., Miller, D. J., Bornovalova, M. A., & Lejuez, C. W.
Affiliations: Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
University of Georgia (US)
ORCID: Lynam, Donald R.
Miller, Joshua D.
Bornovalova, Marina A.
Lejuez, C. W.
Venue: Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2011-04
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Pages: 151-160
ISSN: 1949-2715 (ISSN-L)
1949-2723
DOI: 10.1037/a0019978
PMC: PMC3152436
OpenAlex: W1993186002
Cited by: 176
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 17.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50DA005312)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords: impulsivity, non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal behavior, borderline personality disorder, negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking, incremental validity, drug abusers, personality traits
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Borderline Personality Disorder, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Interview, Psychological, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Personality Inventory, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Self-Injurious Behavior, Young Adult, Self Report, Suicidal Ideation

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Testing the relations between impulsivity-related traits, suicidality, and nonsuicidal self-injury: A test of the incremental validity of the UPPS model.

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