Characterizing age-related changes in remembering the past and imagining the future
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When remembering past events or imagining possible future events, older adults generate fewer episodic details than do younger adults. These results support the constructive episodic simulation hypothesis: deficits in retrieving episodic details underlie changes during memory and imagination. To examine the extent of this age-related reduction in specificity, we compared performance on memory and imagination tasks to a picture description task that does not require episodic memory. In two experiments, older adults exhibited comparable specificity reductions across all conditions. These findings emphasize the need to consider age-related changes in imagination and memory in a broader theoretical context.
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Non-episodic factors such as narrative style or cognitive control are at least partly responsible for similarities between remembering past experiences and imagining future experiences on tasks such as the Autobiographical Interview.
“such findings nonetheless suggest that non-episodic factors that similarly impact remembering, imagining, and describing, such as narrative style or cognitive control, are at least partly responsible for similarities between remembering past experiences and imagining future experiences on tasks such as the AI”
From Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions (2017) · cites this paper as [35]
That study also found aging effects on memory and imagination beyond picture description performance.
“Although this study also revealed effects of aging on memory and imagination above-and-beyond picture description performance”
From Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions (2017) · cites this paper as [35]
Procedures such as the Autobiographical Interview can be influenced by non-episodic factors.
“procedures such as the AI can be influenced by non-episodic factors.”
From Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions (2017) · cites this paper as [35]
In a study using everyday scene pictures, older adults produced fewer internal but not external details on memory and imagination tasks, and showed the same pattern on a picture description task.
“Older adults produced fewer internal but not external details on the memory and imagination tasks, replicating earlier results, but they also showed the same pattern on the picture description task.”
From Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions (2017) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Gaesser, B., Sacchetti, D. C., Addis, D. R., & Schacter, D. L.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 80-84
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- PMC
- PMC3062729
- OpenAlex
- W1971583221
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 6.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG08441)
- Royal Society of NZ
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- age-related memory decline, episodic memory, mental imagery, episodic specificity, older adults, picture description
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Imagination, Interviews as Topic, Male, Memory, Mental Recall, Young Adult
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