Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample

Guan, Karen; Fox, Kathryn R.; Prinstein, Mitchell J.

doi:10.1037/a0029429

Cited by 362Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesHomicide, Infanticide, and Child AbuseMental Health via Writing

Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample

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Guan, Karen, Fox, Kathryn R., Prinstein, Mitchell J.·2012·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

DOI 10.1037/a0029429PMC PMC3458144

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Longitudinal data on adolescent self-injury are rare. Little is known regarding the associations between various forms of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors over time, particularly within community samples that are most relevant for prevention efforts. This study examined nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) as a time-invariant, prospective predictor of adolescent suicide ideation, threats or gestures, and attempts over a 2.5-year interval. METHOD: A diverse (55% female; 51% non-White) adolescent community sample (n = 399) reported depressive symptoms, frequency of NSSI, suicide ideation, threats or gestures, and attempts in 9th grade (i.e., baseline) and at 4 subsequent time points. Generalized estimating equations and logistic regressions were conducted to reveal the associations between baseline NSSI and the likelihood of each suicidal self-injury outcome postbaseline while controlling for depressive symptoms and related indices of suicidal self-injury as competing predictors. RESULTS: Baseline NSSI was significantly, prospectively associated with elevated levels of suicide ideation and suicide attempts, but not threats or gestures. Neither gender nor ethnicity moderated results. CONCLUSIONS: Above and beyond established risk factors such as depressive symptoms and previous suicidality, adolescent NSSI may be an especially important factor to assess when determining risk for later suicidality.

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Suicidal thoughts and non-suicidal self-harm are strongly associated with suicide attempts.
“Suicidal thoughts and non-suicidal self-harm are strongly associated with suicide attempts.”
From Predictors of future suicide attempt among adolescents with suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm: a population-based birth cohort study (2019) · cites this paper as [17]
The Results section, “Longitudinal Prediction of Suicide Attempts” (page unavailable), reports that greater nonsuicidal self-injury was associated with a seven-fold increase in the likelihood of later attempts. It does not report a corresponding association between suicidal thoughts and attempts; the paper instead reports that self-injury predicted both later ideation and attempts. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Non-suicidal self-harm is strongly associated with suicide attempt history and predicts future attempts in longitudinal studies.
“However, investigation of predictors of attempts among people who engage in non-suicidal self-harm is also important, because this factor is strongly associated with suicide attempt history and predicts future attempts in longitudinal studies.15, 16, 17, 18, 19”
From Predictors of future suicide attempt among adolescents with suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm: a population-based birth cohort study (2019) · cites this paper as [17]

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Authors: Guan, K., Fox, K. R., & Prinstein, M. J.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
ORCID: Guan, Karen
Fox, Kathryn R.
Prinstein, Mitchell J.
Venue: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2012-10
Volume: 80
Issue: 5
Pages: 842-849
ISSN: 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
1939-2117
DOI: 10.1037/a0029429
PMC: PMC3458144
OpenAlex: W2165290633
Cited by: 362
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 26.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (R01-MH85505; R01-HD055342)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
Keywords: non-suicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, depressive symptoms, community adolescents, gender differences, ethnic differences, suicide prevention
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Suicidal Ideation

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Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample

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