Cited by 3,347Epigenetics and DNA MethylationGenomics and Chromatin DynamicsChromatin Remodeling and Cancer

The Polycomb complex PRC2 and its mark in life

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Margueron, Raphaël, Reinberg, Danny·2011·Nature

Abstract

Polycomb group proteins maintain the gene-expression pattern of different cells that is set during early development by regulating chromatin structure. In mammals, two main Polycomb group complexes exist - Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2). PRC1 compacts chromatin and catalyses the monoubiquitylation of histone H2A. PRC2 also contributes to chromatin compaction, and catalyses the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27. PRC2 is involved in various biological processes, including differentiation, maintaining cell identity and proliferation, and stem-cell plasticity. Recent studies of PRC2 have expanded our perspectives on its function and regulation, and uncovered a role for non-coding RNA in the recruitment of PRC2 to target genes.

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  • DNA methylation is likely not the only epigenetic mark involved in this process; other transcription factors and epigenetic modifications such as PRC2 and H3K27me3 are likely involved.

    “That said, we do not wish to imply that DNA methylation is the only epigenetic mark involved in this process. It likely involves other transcription factors and epigenetic modifications, such as the PRC2 complex and H3K27me3, both of which are involved in maintaining stem cell plasticity and are associated with DNAm clock sites4,49,50.”

    From Reprogramming to recover youthful epigenetic information and restore vision (2020) · cites this paper as [49]

    The sections on genome-wide localization and PRC2 pluripotency and differentiation link PRC2 and H3K27me3 to stem-cell chromatin states and plasticity, though they qualify PRC2’s role in maintaining pluripotency. The paper discusses DNA methylation alongside these marks, but it does not address DNAm clock sites or establish their involvement in the citing paper’s specific process. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • EZH2 catalyzes nucleosome compaction via H3K27 trimethylation.

    “EZH2 catalyzes nucleosome compaction via H3K27 trimethylation11”
  • Suppression of clearance genes in striatal microglia is governed by PRC2, which catalyzes H3K27me3.

    “The suppression of clearance genes in striatal microglia is governed by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which catalyzes the repressive chromatin modification histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3)16.”
  • H3K27me3 is mediated by PRC2, which has a well-established role in regulation of cell differentiation during development.

    “H3K27me3 is mediated by PRC2, which has a well-established role in the regulation of cell differentiation during development16.”

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Authors
Margueron, R., & Reinberg, D.
Affiliations
  • Institut Curie (FR)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Reinberg, Danny
Venue
Nature
Published
2011-01-19
Volume
469
Issue
7330
Pages
343-349
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2060608189
Cited by
3,347
References
97
Citations by year
2026: 145 · 2025: 188 · 2024: 231 · 2023: 211 · 2022: 236 · 2021: 274 · 2020: 260 · 2019: 260 · 2018: 214 · 2017: 236 · 2016: 221 · 2015: 220 · 2014: 202 · 2013: 207 · 2012: 177
FWCI
18.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R37GM037120, R01GM064844)
  • Institute of Cancer Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
Keywords
polycomb repressive complex 2, Polycomb group proteins, histone H3 lysine 27 methylation, chromatin condensation, gene expression regulation, cell identity, stem cell plasticity, non-coding RNA, chromatin structure
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Differentiation, Chromatin, Histones, Humans, Methylation, Neoplasms, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Repressor Proteins, Genome, Evolution, Molecular, Polycomb-Group Proteins

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