Signalling pathways that mediate skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy

The phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase–AKT pathway in human cancer

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Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B

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Identification of ubiquitin ligases required for skeletal muscle atrophy.

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TSC2 is phosphorylated and inhibited by Akt and suppresses mTOR signalling

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Akt/mTOR pathway is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and can prevent muscle atrophy in vivo

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A Calcineurin-Dependent Transcriptional Pathway for Cardiac Hypertrophy

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Negative regulation of PKB/Akt-dependent cell survival by the tumor suppressor PTEN

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Insulin Resistance and a Diabetes Mellitus-Like Syndrome in Mice Lacking the Protein Kinase Akt2 (PKBβ)

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Atrogin-1, a muscle-specific F-box protein highly expressed during muscle atrophy

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Mediation of IGF-1-induced skeletal myotube hypertrophy by PI(3)K/Akt/mTOR and PI(3)K/Akt/GSK3 pathways

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Mechanisms of Muscle Wasting — The Role of the Ubiquitin–Proteasome Pathway

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Localized Igf-1 transgene expression sustains hypertrophy and regeneration in senescent skeletal muscle

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Mammalian target of rapamycin is a direct target for protein kinase B: identification of a convergence point for opposing effects of insulin and amino-acid deficiency on protein translation.

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Growth retardation and increased apoptosis in mice with homozygous disruption of the akt1 genePreprint

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Tuberous sclerosis complex-1 and -2 gene products function together to inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated downstream signaling

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Phosphorylation and Activation of p70 ^s6k by PDK1

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Ras-dependent activation of MAP kinase pathway mediated by G-protein βγ subunits

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Drosophila S6 kinase: a regulator of cell size.

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IGF-1 induces skeletal myocyte hypertrophy through calcineurin in association with GATA-2 and NF-ATc1

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Myogenic Vector Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor I Stimulates Muscle Cell Differentiation and Myofiber Hypertrophy in Transgenic Mice

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Regulation of cellular growth by the Drosophila target of rapamycin dTORPreprint

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Regulation of eIF-4E BP1 Phosphorylation by mTOR

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The Drosophila phosphoinositide 3‐kinase Dp110 promotes cell growth.

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Evidence of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation and activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin mediated by a protein kinase B signaling pathway

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Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is mediated by a Ca2+-dependent calcineurin signalling pathway

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Stimulation of Slow Skeletal Muscle Fiber Gene Expression by Calcineurin in Vivo

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Identification of muscle specific ring finger proteins as potential regulators of the titin kinase domain

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A protein kinase B-dependent and rapamycin-sensitive pathway controls skeletal muscle growth but not fiber type specification

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What do we really know about the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in muscle atrophy?

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The lipid phosphatase SHIP2 controls insulin sensitivity

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Drosophila tumor suppressor PTEN controls cell size and number by antagonizing the Chico/PI3-kinase signaling pathwayPreprint

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Activation of insulin-like growth factor gene expression during work-induced skeletal muscle growth

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Inhibitors of the proteasome reduce the accelerated proteolysis in atrophying rat skeletal muscles.

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PTEN affects cell size, cell proliferation and apoptosis during Drosophila eye development

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Nfat

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Calcineurin Is Required for Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

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Control of Ser2448 Phosphorylation in the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin by Insulin and Skeletal Muscle Load

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Calcineurin controls nerve activity-dependent specification of slow skeletal muscle fibers but not muscle growth

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Muscle-specific RING finger-1 interacts with titin to regulate sarcomeric M-line and thick filament structure and may have nuclear functions via its interaction with glucocorticoid modulatory element binding protein-1

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4E-BP1 phosphorylation is mediated by the FRAP-p70s6k pathway and is independent of mitogen-activated protein kinase.

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The translational inhibitor 4E-BP is an effector of PI(3)K/Akt signalling and cell growth in Drosophila

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Ras is involved in nerve-activity-dependent regulation of muscle genes

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Ubiquitin conjugation by the N-end rule pathway and mRNAs for its components increase in muscles of diabetic rats

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Overexpression of SH2-Containing Inositol Phosphatase 2 Results in Negative Regulation of Insulin-Induced Metabolic Actions in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Its 5′-Phosphatase Catalytic Activity

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Myogenic Akt Signaling Regulates Blood Vessel Recruitment during Myofiber Growth

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Skeletal muscle hypertrophy and anti‐atrophy effects of clenbuterol are mediated by the β2‐adrenergic receptor

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Protein turnover measured in vivo and in vitro in muscles undergoing compensatory growth and subsequent denervation atrophy

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Essential Role of AKT-1/Protein Kinase Bα in PTEN-Controlled Tumorigenesis

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Matching of Calcineurin Activity to Upstream Effectors Is Critical for Skeletal Muscle Fiber Growth

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Regulation of proteolysis

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Maintenance of muscle mass is not dependent on the calcineurin-NFAT pathway

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Lower recovery of muscle protein lost during starvation in old rats despite a stimulation of protein synthesis

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The IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway prevents expression of muscle atrophy-induced ubiquitin ligases by inhibiting FOXO transcription factors.

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Multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy involve a common program of changes in gene expression

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IKKβ/NF-κB Activation Causes Severe Muscle Wasting in Mice

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PGC-1α protects skeletal muscle from atrophy by suppressing FoxO3 action and atrophy-specific gene transcription

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Interleukin-6 Is an Essential Regulator of Satellite Cell-Mediated Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

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IGF-I stimulates muscle growth by suppressing protein breakdown and expression of atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF1

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Crosstalk between Glucocorticoid Receptor and Nutritional Sensor mTOR in Skeletal Muscle

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Conditional Activation of Akt in Adult Skeletal Muscle Induces Rapid Hypertrophy

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New fundamental resistance exercise determinants of molecular and cellular muscle adaptations

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Role of β-Adrenoceptor Signaling in Skeletal Muscle: Implications for Muscle Wasting and Disease

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Branched-Chain Amino Acids Activate Key Enzymes in Protein Synthesis after Physical Exercise

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STAT3 Activation in Skeletal Muscle Links Muscle Wasting and the Acute Phase Response in Cancer Cachexia

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Early signaling responses to divergent exercise stimuli in skeletal muscle from well-trained humans

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Muscle wasting in cancer cachexia: clinical implications, diagnosis, and emerging treatment strategies

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The TWEAK–Fn14 system is a critical regulator of denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice

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Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

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Glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscles: defects in insulin signalling and the effects of a selective glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor

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Mechanisms of mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy: current understanding and future directions

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Impaired skeletal muscle development and function in male, but not female, genomic <i>androgen receptor</i> knockout mice

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Runx1 prevents wasting, myofibrillar disorganization, and autophagy of skeletal muscle

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The FoxO transcription factors and metabolic regulation

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Diet-induced obesity alters signalling pathways and induces atrophy and apoptosis in skeletal muscle in a prediabetic rat model: Diet-induced obesity and skeletal muscle

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Signaling pathways weigh in on decisions to make or break skeletal muscle

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction Launches Dexamethasone-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy via AMPK/FOXO3 Signaling

Liu, J., Peng, Y., Wang, X., Fan, Y., Qin, C., Shi, L., Tang, Y., Cao, K., Li, H., Long, J., et al. (2016) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00516 · Cited by 133 · see citing works

Selective control of skeletal muscle differentiation by Akt1

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Integrin-linked kinase stabilizes myotendinous junctions and protects muscle from stress-induced damage

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No change in myonuclear number during muscle unloading and reloading

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Chronic high fat feeding attenuates load‐induced hypertrophy in mice

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S6 kinase inactivation impairs growth and translational target phosphorylation in muscle cells maintaining proper regulation of protein turnover

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Mechanical loading stimulates hypertrophy in tissue‐engineered skeletal muscle: Molecular and phenotypic responses

Aguilar‐Agon, K. W., Capel, A. J., Martin, N. R. W., Player, D. J., & Lewis, M. P. (2019) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.28923 · Cited by 84 · see citing works

Protective Effects of Ghrelin on Fasting-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Aging Mice

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Influence of preexercise muscle glycogen content on transcriptional activity of metabolic and myogenic genes in well-trained humans

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