Abnormal Responses to Monetary Outcomes in Cortex, but not in the Basal Ganglia, in Schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
Psychosis has been associated with aberrant brain activity concurrent with both the anticipation and integration of monetary outcomes. The extent to which abnormal reward-related neural signals can be observed in chronic, medicated patients with schizophrenia (SZ), however, is not clear. In an fMRI study involving 17 chronic outpatients with SZ and 17 matched controls, we used a monetary incentive delay (MID) task, in which different-colored shapes predicted gains, losses, or neutral outcomes. Subjects needed to respond to a target within a time window in order to receive the indicated gain or avoid the indicated loss. Group differences in blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses to cues and outcomes were assessed through voxel-wise whole-brain analyses and regions-of-interest analyses in the neostriatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Significant group by outcome valence interactions were observed in the medial and lateral PFC, lateral temporal cortex, and amygdalae, such that controls, but not patients, showed greater activation for gains, relative to losses. In the striatum, neural activity was modulated by outcome magnitude in both groups. Additionally, we found that ratings of negative symptoms in patients correlated with sensitivity to obtained losses in medial PFC, obtained gains in lateral PFC, and anticipated gains in left ventral striatum. Sensitivity to obtained gains in lateral PFC also correlated with positive symptom scores in patients. Our findings of systematic relationships between clinical symptoms and neural responses to stimuli associated with rewards and punishments offer promise that reward-related neural responses may provide sensitive probes of the effectiveness of treatments for negative symptoms.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A large number of fMRI studies indicate that midbrain and striatal responses to rewarding and to neutral outcomes are altered in patients with psychosis and that these alterations are associated with positive and negative symptoms.
“A large number of fMRI studies indicate that midbrain and striatal responses to rewarding and to neutral outcomes are altered in patients with psychosis (29-42) and that these alterations are associated with positive and negative symptoms.”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
The Discussion (Behavior and neural activity associated with outcome anticipation) reports an association between ventral-striatal responses to gain-predicting versus neutral cues and negative symptoms. The Abstract reports positive-symptom correlations in lateral prefrontal cortex, not the striatum. The paper does not establish altered midbrain responses, and its Results (Levels of outcome: Whole-brain analyses) report no group difference in striatal responses to outcome magnitude. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTask-related frontal and striatal activation and fronto-striatal connectivity have been repeatedly shown to be altered across the psychosis continuum, suggesting that high-level priors have greater influence on perception in psychosis.
“task-related frontal and striatal activation and fronto-striatal connectivity have been repeatedly shown to be altered across the psychosis continuum, suggesting that high-level priors have greater influence on perception in psychosis (33, 34, 36-38, 82, 127-130).”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
The Results (Levels of outcome: Whole-brain analyses; page not provided) report altered outcome-related prefrontal activation in patients with schizophrenia. The study does not establish altered fronto-striatal connectivity or findings across the psychosis continuum; its Discussion (Behavior and neural activity associated with outcome anticipation; page not provided) reports no significant group interactions in the striatal regions of interest. It also does not link these findings to a greater influence of high-level priors on perception. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNeuroimaging studies generally suggest decreased NAc activation during monetary-reward anticipation in schizophrenia in both medicated and unmedicated patients.
“Neuroimaging studies of responses to rewards in schizophrenia generally suggest decreased NAc activation during monetary-reward anticipation (but see [416]for an exception) in both patients taking medication and patients not taking medication [417-420].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [420]
There is evidence of inverse relations between negative symptoms and NAc activation during reward anticipation and between lateral PFC activation during reward outcomes in schizophrenia.
“There is also evidence of inverse relations between negative symptoms and NAc activation during reward anticipation [416,420,422] and between lateral PFC activation during reward outcomes [420].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [420]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1914185 · Cited by 48,524 · see citing works
The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
Oldfield, R. C. (1971) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 · Cited by 35,900 · see citing works
Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk
Kahneman, D. J., & Tversky, A. (1988) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609220.014 · Cited by 32,700 · see citing works
The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.
Overall, J. E., & Gorham, D. R. (1962) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1962.10.3.799 · Cited by 11,090 · see citing works
Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence
Dumont, R., Willis, J. O., Veizel, K., & Zibulsky, J. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118660584.ese2519 · Cited by 5,547 · see citing works
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)*
(1989) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s0007125000291502 · Cited by 2,706 · see citing works
Randolph, C., Tierney, M. C., Mohr, E., & Chase, T. N. (1998) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1076/jcen.20.3.310.823 · Cited by 2,519 · see citing works
Keefe, R. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2003.09.011 · Cited by 1,573 · see citing works
Scales for physical and social anhedonia.
Chapman, L. J., Chapman, J. P., & Raulin, M. L. (1976) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.85.4.374 · Cited by 1,557 · see citing works
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): Conceptual and Theoretical Foundations
Andreasen, N. C. (1989) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s0007125000291496 · Cited by 1,532 · see citing works
Functional imaging of neural responses to expectancy and experience of monetary gains and losses
Breiter, H. C., Aharon, I., Kahneman, D., Dale, A., & Shizgal, P. (2001) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00303-8 · Cited by 1,404 · see citing works
Dissociation of reward anticipation and outcome with event-related fMRI
Knutson, B., Fong, G. W., Adams, C. M., Varner, J. L., & Hommer, D. (2001) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200112040-00016 · Cited by 1,300 · see citing works
Scales for physical and social anhedonia.
Chapman, L. J., Chapman, J. P., & Raulin, M. L. (1976) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.85.4.374 · Cited by 1,234 · see citing works
Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: A role in reward-based decision making
Bush, G., Vogt, B. A., Holmes, J., Dale, A. M., Greve, D., Jenike, M. A., & Rosen, B. R. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.012470999 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
The human amygdala and the emotional evaluation of sensory stimuli
Zald, D. H. (2003) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(02)00248-5 · Cited by 1,062 · see citing works
Neural Economics and the Biological Substrates of Valuation
Montague, P. R., & Berns, G. S. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00974-1 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Knutson, B. D., Fong, G., Bennett, S. M., Adams, C. M., & Hommer, D. W. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(02)00057-5 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Anhedonia in schizophrenia: Distinctions between anticipatory and consummatory pleasure
Gard, D. E., Kring, A. M., Gard, M. G., Horan, W. P., & Green, M. F. (2007) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.03.008 · Cited by 817 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of a depression rating scale for schizophrenics
Addington, D., Addington, J., Maticka-Tyndale, E., & Joyce, J. (1992) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/0920-9964(92)90003-n · Cited by 651 · see citing works
The Structure of Negative Symptoms Within Schizophrenia: Implications for Assessment
Blanchard, J. J., & Cohen, A. S. (2005) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbj013 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Avolition and Occam's Razor
Foussias, G., & Remington, G. (2010) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn094 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Separate neural pathways process different decision costs
Rudebeck, P. H., Walton, M. E., Smyth, A. N., Bannerman, D. M., & Rushworth, M. F. S. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1756 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Dysfunction of ventral striatal reward prediction in schizophrenia
Juckel, G., Schlagenhauf, F., Koslowski, M., Wüstenberg, T., Villringer, A., Knutson, B., Wrase, J., & Heinz, A. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.07.051 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Emotional Experience in Patients With Schizophrenia Revisited: Meta-analysis of Laboratory Studies
Cohen, A. S., & Minor, K. S. (2010) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn061 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Substantia nigra/ventral tegmental reward prediction error disruption in psychosis
Murray, G. K., Corlett, P. R., Clark, L., Pessiglione, M., Blackwell, A. D., Honey, G., Jones, P. B., Bullmore, E. T., Robbins, T. W., & Fletcher, P. C. (2008) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4002058 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
An fMRI Study of Facial Emotion Processing in Patients With Schizophrenia
Gur, R. E., McGrath, C., Chan, R. M., Schroeder, L. F., Turner, T. H., Turetsky, B. I., Kohler, C. G., Alsop, D. C., Maldjian, J. A., Ragland, J. D., et al. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.12.1992 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Disrupted prediction-error signal in psychosis: Evidence for an associative account of delusions
Corlett, P. R., Murray, G. K., Honey, G. D., Aitken, M. R. F., Shanks, D. R., Robbins, T. W., Bullmore, E. T., Dickinson, A., & Fletcher, P. C. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm173 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Frontal-striatal cognitive deficits in patients with chronic schizophrenia
Pantelis, C. (1997) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/120.10.1823 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Orbitofrontal cortex, associative learning and expectancies
Schoenbaum, G., & Roesch, M. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.07.018 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Kring, A. M., & Neale, J. M. (1996) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.105.2.249 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Waltz, J. A., Frank, M. J., Robinson, B. M., & Gold, J. M. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.042 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Self-citationJuckel, G., Schlagenhauf, F., Koslowski, M., Filonov, D., Wüstenberg, T., Villringer, A., Knutson, B., Kienast, T., Gallinat, J., Wrase, J., et al. (2006) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0405-4 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Nieuwenhuis, S., Slagter, H. A., von Geusau, N. J. A., Heslenfeld, D. J., & Holroyd, C. B. (2005) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04152.x · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Weighing up the benefits of work: Behavioral and neural analyses of effort-related decision making
Walton, M. E., Kennerley, S. W., Bannerman, D. M., Phillips, P. E. M., & Rushworth, M. F. S. (2006) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2006.03.005 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Fletcher, P. C., Anderson, J. M., Shanks, D. R., Honey, R., Carpenter, T. A., Donovan, T., Papadakis, N., & Bullmore, E. T. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn733 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Heerey, E. A., & Gold, J. M. (2007) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.116.2.268 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationNeural Mechanisms of Anhedonia in Schizophrenia
Crespo‐Facorro, B., Paradiso, S., Andreasen, N. C., OʼLeary, D. S., Watkins, G. L., Ponto, L. L. B., & Hichwa, R. D. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.4.427 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Neural correlates of reward processing in schizophrenia — Relationship to apathy and depression
Simon, J. J., Biller, A., Walther, S., Roesch-Ely, D., Stippich, C., Weisbrod, M., & Kaiser, S. (2009) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.11.007 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
An fMRI study of differential neural response to affective pictures in schizophrenia
Takahashi, H., Koeda, M., Oda, K., Matsuda, T., Matsushima, E., Matsuura, M., Asai, K., & Okubo, Y. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.03.028 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Reward system activation in schizophrenic patients switched from typical neuroleptics to olanzapine
Schlagenhauf, F., Juckel, G., Koslowski, M., Kahnt, T., Knutson, B., Dembler, T., Kienast, T., Gallinat, J., Wrase, J., & Heinz, A. (2008) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-007-1016-4 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Reward feedback alterations in unmedicated schizophrenia patients: Relevance for delusions
Schlagenhauf, F., Sterzer, P., Schmack, K., Ballmaier, M., Rapp, M., Wrase, J., Juckel, G., Gallinat, J., & Heinz, A. (2009) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.12.016 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Waltz, J. A., Schweitzer, J. B., Gold, J. M., Kurup, P. K., Ross, T. J., Jo Salmeron, B., Rose, E. J., McClure, S. M., & Stein, E. A. (2009) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2008.214 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationAnhedonia and Emotional Experience in Schizophrenia: Neural and Behavioral Indicators
Dowd, E. C., & Barch, D. M. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.10.020 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
The neural substrates of probabilistic and intertemporal decision making
Weber, B. J., & Huettel, S. A. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.07.105 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Separate brain regions code for salience vs. valence during reward prediction in humans
Jensen, J., Smith, A. J., Willeit, M., Crawley, A. P., Mikulis, D. J., Vitcu, I., & Kapur, S. (2006) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20274 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Paradiso, S., Andreasen, N. C., Crespo‐Facorro, B., OʼLeary, D. S., Watkins, G. L., Ponto, L. L. B., & Hichwa, R. D. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1775 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Executive Functioning Component Mechanisms and Schizophrenia
Kerns, J. G., Nuechterlein, K. H., Braver, T. S., & Barch, D. M. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.04.027 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
No, It Is Not Possible to Be Schizophrenic Yet Neuropsychologically Normal.
Wilk, C. M., Gold, J. M., McMahon, R. P., Humber, K., Iannone, V. N., & Buchanan, R. W. (2005) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.19.6.778 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Self-citationFactor structure and construct validity of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.
Sayers, S. L., Curran, P. J., & Mueser, K. T. (1996) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.8.3.269 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Paulus, M. P., Feinstein, J. S., Leland, D., & Simmons, A. N. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.055 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Neural Response to Emotional Salience in Schizophrenia
Taylor, S. F., Phan, K. L., Britton, J. C., & Liberzon, I. (2005) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300679 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Dillon, D. G., Holmes, A. J., Jahn, A. L., Bogdan, R., Wald, L. L., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2007) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00594.x · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Intention, Choice, and the Medial Frontal Cortex
Rushworth, M. F. S. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1440.014 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Walter, H., Kammerer, H., Frasch, K., Spitzer, M., & Abler, B. (2009) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1586-4 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Koch, K., Schachtzabel, C., Wagner, G., Schikora, J., Schultz, C., Reichenbach, J. R., Sauer, H., & Schlösser, R. G. M. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.031 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a confirmatory factor analysis of competing models
Peralta, V., & Cuesta, M. J. (1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.10.1450 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Turner, D. C. (2004) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhh046 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Paulus, M. P., Hozack, N. E., Zauscher, B. E., Frank, L. R., Brown, G. G., McDowell, J. E., & BRAFF, D. L. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01358-0 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Medial Frontal Hyperactivity in Reality Distortion
Taylor, S. F., Welsh, R. C., Chen, A. C., Velander, A. J., & Liberzon, I. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.11.029 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Reiss, J. P., Campbell, D. W., Leslie, W. D., Paulus, M. P., Ryner, L. N., Polimeni, J. O., Foot, B. J., & Sareen, J. (2006) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.04.027 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
McMahon, R. (2002) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(01)00387-6 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Polgár, P., Farkas, M., Nagy, O., Kelemen, O., Réthelyi, J., Bitter, I., Myers, C. E., Gluck, M. A., & Kéri, S. (2007) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.06.027 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Review of Reward Processing and Motivational Impairment in Schizophrenia
Strauss, G. P., Waltz, J. A., & Gold, J. M. (2013) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt197 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Self-citationThe motivation and pleasure dimension of negative symptoms: Neural substrates and behavioral outputs
Kring, A. M., & Barch, D. M. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.06.007 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Ventral Striatal Activation During Reward Processing in Psychosis
Raduà, J., Schmidt, A., Borgwardt, S., Heinz, A., Schlagenhauf, F., McGuire, P. K., & Fusar‐Poli, P. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2196 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Anorexia nervosa and obesity are associated with opposite brain reward response
Frank, G. K. W., Reynolds, J. R., Shott, M. E., Jappe, L., Yang, T. T., Tregellas, J. R., & O'Reilly, R. C. (2012) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2012.51 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
An integrative perspective on the role of dopamine in schizophrenia
Maia, T. V., & Frank, M. J. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.05.021 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Dichter, G. S., Damiano, C. A., & Allen, J. A. (2012) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/1866-1955-4-19 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Dopaminergic basis of salience dysregulation in psychosis
Winton-Brown, T. T., Fusar-Poli, P., Ungless, M. A., & Howes, O. D. (2014) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2013.11.003 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Thomsen, K. R., Whybrow, P. C., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2015) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00049 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Barch, D. M., Pagliaccio, D., & Luking, K. (2015) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2015_376 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
A Transdiagnostic Review of Negative Symptom Phenomenology and Etiology
Strauss, G. P., & Cohen, A. S. (2017) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx066 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Fervaha, G., Graff‐Guerrero, A., Zakzanis, K. K., Foussias, G., Agid, O., & Remington, G. J. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.08.003 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Alterations of the brain reward system in antipsychotic naïve schizophrenia patients.
Nielsen, M., Rostrup, E., Wulff, S., Bak, N., Lublin, H., Kapur, S., & Glenthøj, B. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.007 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Amotivation in Schizophrenia: Integrated Assessment With Behavioral, Clinical, and Imaging Measures
Wolf, D. H., Satterthwaite, T. D., Kantrowitz, J. J., Katchmar, N., Vandekar, L., Elliott, M. A., & Ruparel, K. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu026 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Dimensional psychiatry: reward dysfunction and depressive mood across psychiatric disorders
Hägele, C., Schlagenhauf, F., Rapp, M. A., Sterzer, P., Beck, A., Bermpohl, F., Stoy, M., Ströhle, A., Wïttchen, H., Dolan, R. J., et al. (2014) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3662-7 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Broyd, S. J., Richards, H. J., Helps, S. K., Chronaki, G., Bamford, S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2012) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.05.015 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Anhedonia in depression and schizophrenia: A transdiagnostic challenge
Lambert, C. M., Silva, S. D., Ceniti, A. K., Rizvi, S. J., Foussias, G., & Kennedy, S. H. (2018) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.12854 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Pavlovian Reward Prediction and Receipt in Schizophrenia: Relationship to Anhedonia
Dowd, E. C., & Barch, D. M. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035622 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Mapping anhedonia-specific dysfunction in a transdiagnostic approach: an ALE meta-analysis
Zhang, B., Lin, P., Shi, H., Öngür, D., Auerbach, R. P., Wang, X., Yao, S., & Wang, X. (2016) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9457-6 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Prediction error, ketamine and psychosis: An updated model
Corlett, P. R., Honey, G. D., & Fletcher, P. C. (2016) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881116650087 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Improvement of Brain Reward Abnormalities by Antipsychotic Monotherapy in Schizophrenia
Nielsen, M. Ø., Rostrup, E., Wulff, S., Bak, N. K., Broberg, B. V., Lublin, H., Kapur, S., & Glenthoj, B. Y. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2012.847 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Mucci, A., Dima, D., Soricelli, A., Volpe, U., Bucci, P., Frangou, S., Prinster, A., Salvatore, M., Galderisi, S., & Maj, M. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714002943 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Arrondo, G., Segarra, N., Metastasio, A., Ziauddeen, H., Spencer, J., Reinders, N. R., Dudas, R. B., Robbins, T. W., Fletcher, P. C., & Murray, G. K. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01280 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Waltz, J. A., Kasanova, Z., Ross, T. J., Salmeron, B. J., McMahon, R. P., Gold, J. M., & Stein, E. A. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057257 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationBègue, I., Kaiser, S., & Kirschner, M. (2020) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.004 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Howes, O. D., Hird, E. J., Adams, R. A., Corlett, P. R., & McGuire, P. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.03.012 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Individual negative symptoms and domains – Relevance for assessment, pathomechanisms and treatment
Kaiser, S., Lyne, J., Agartz, I., Clarke, M., Mørch-Johnsen, L. E., & Færden, A. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.07.013 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Culbreth, A. J., Moran, E. K., & Barch, D. M. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717002525 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Neurobiological background of negative symptoms
Galderisi, S., Merlotti, E., & Mucci, A. (2015) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-015-0590-4 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Strauss, G. P., Whearty, K. M., Morra, L. F., Sullivan, S. K., Ossenfort, K. L., & Frost, K. H. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.12.006 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Bland, A., Roiser, J., Mehta, M., Schei, T., Boland, H., Campbell-Meiklejohn, D., Emsley, R., Munafo, M., Penton-Voak, I., Seara-Cardoso, A., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00025 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Kos, C., van Tol, M.-J., Marsman, J.-B. C., Knegtering, H., & Aleman, A. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.012 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Dowd, E. C., Frank, M. J., Collins, A. G. E., Gold, J. M., & Barch, D. M. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.05.005 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationKirschner, M., Hager, O. M., Bischof, M., Hartmann-Riemer, M. N., Kluge, A., Seifritz, E., Tobler, P. N., & Kaiser, S. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.140383 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Segarra, N., Metastasio, A., Ziauddeen, H., Spencer, J., Reinders, N. R., Dudas, R. B., Arrondo, G., Robbins, T. W., Clark, L., Fletcher, P. C., et al. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.370 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Lutz, K., & Widmer, M. (2014) · Neuroscience and Neuroeconomics · doi:10.2147/nan.s38864 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Impaired Activation in Cognitive Control Regions Predicts Reversal Learning in Schizophrenia
Culbreth, A. J., Gold, J. M., Cools, R., & Barch, D. M. (2015) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv075 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationDeserno, L., Boehme, R., Heinz, A., & Schlagenhauf, F. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00172 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Vinckier, F., Gaillard, R., Palminteri, S., Rigoux, L., Salvador, A., Fornito, A., Adapa, R., Krebs, M. O., Pessiglione, M., & Fletcher, P. C. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2015.73 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Zeng, J., Yan, J., Cao, H., Su, Y., Song, Y. Y., Luo, Y., & Yang, X. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-02201-8 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Amphetamine Sensitization Alters Reward Processing in the Human Striatum and Amygdala
O'Daly, O., Joyce, D., Tracy, D., Azim, A., Stephan, K., Murray, R., & Shergill, S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093955 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Effort-based decision-making in schizophrenia
Culbreth, A. J., Moran, E. K., & Barch, D. M. (2017) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.12.003 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Neural substrates underlying effort computation in schizophrenia.
Fervaha, G., Foussias, G., Agid, O., & Remington, G. (2013) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.09.001 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Neural markers of errors as endophenotypes in neuropsychiatric disorders
Manoach, D. S., & Agam, Y. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00350 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Striatal Dopamine and Reward Prediction Error Signaling in Unmedicated Schizophrenia Patients
Katthagen, T., Kaminski, J. A., Heinz, A., Buchert, R., & Schlagenhauf, F. (2020) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa055 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
A Review of Anticipatory Pleasure in Schizophrenia
Frost, K. H., & Strauss, G. P. (2016) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-016-0082-5 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Motivational Deficits in Schizophrenia and the Representation of Expected Value
Waltz, J. A., & Gold, J. M. (2015) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2015_385 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationApathy in schizophrenia: A review of neuropsychological and neuroanatomical studies
Bortolon, C., Macgregor, A., Capdevielle, D., & Raffard, S. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.033 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Neural substrates of the impaired effort expenditure decision making in schizophrenia.
Huang, J., Yang, X., Lan, Y., Cui-ying, Z., Liu, X.-Q., Wang, Y., Cheung, E. F. C., Xie, G., & Chan, R. C. K. (2016) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000284 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Aberrant Frontostriatal Connectivity in Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Shukla, D. K., Chiappelli, J., Sampath, H., Kochunov, P. V., Hare, S., Wisner, K., Rowland, L. M., & Hong, L. E. (2018) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sby165 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Patel, K. T., Stevens, M. C. G., Meda, S. A., Muska, C. E., Thomas, A. D., Potenza, M. N., & Pearlson, G. D. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.04.029 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Nucleus Accumbens Mediates Relative Motivation for Rewards in the Absence of Choice
Clithero, J. A., Reeck, C., Carter, R. M., Smith, D. V., & Huettel, S. A. (2011) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2011.00087 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Schizophrenia in Translation: Dissecting Motivation in Schizophrenia and Rodents
Simpson, E. H., Waltz, J. A., Kellendonk, C., & Balsam, P. D. (2012) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs114 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationWotruba, D., Heekeren, K., Michels, L., Buechler, R., Simon, J. J., Theodoridou, A., Kollias, S., Rössler, W., & Kaiser, S. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00382 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Culbreth, A. J., Moran, E. K., Kandala, S., Westbrook, A., & Barch, D. M. (2020) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702620901558 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Park, I. H., Lee, B. C., Kim, J., Kim, J. I., & Koo, M.-S. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2524-16.2017 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Striatal dopamine, reward, and decision making in schizophrenia
Deserno, L., Schlagenhauf, F., & Heinz, A. (2016) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2016.18.1/ldeserno · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Moustafa, A. A., Kéri, S., Somlai, Z., Balsdon, T., Frydecka, D., Misiak, B., & White, C. N. (2015) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.05.024 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Koch, S., Hägele, C., Haynes, J., Heinz, A., Schlagenhauf, F., & Sterzer, P. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119089 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Reduced Neural Sensitivity to Social vs Nonsocial Reward in Schizophrenia
Lee, J., Jimenez, A. M., Reavis, E. A., Horan, W. P., Wynn, J. K., & Green, M. F. (2018) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sby109 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Dissecting negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Opportunities for translation into new treatments
Foussias, G., Siddiqui, I., Fervaha, G., Agid, O., & Remington, G. J. (2014) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881114562092 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Delay discounting and task performance consistency in patients with schizophrenia
Weller, R. E., Avsar, K. B., Cox, J. E., Reid, M. A., White, D. M., & Lahti, A. C. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.013 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
ERP indices of performance monitoring and feedback processing in psychosis: A meta-analysis
Martin, E. A., McCleery, A., Moore, M. M., Wynn, J. K., Green, M. F., & Horan, W. P. (2018) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.08.004 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Waltz, J. A., Xu, Z., Brown, E. C., Ruiz, R., Frank, M. J., & Gold, J. M. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.07.008 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationIntact Ventral Striatal Prediction Error Signaling in Medicated Schizophrenia Patients
Culbreth, A. J., Westbrook, A., Xu, Z., Barch, D. M., & Waltz, J. A. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.07.007 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationMotivational Context Modulates Prediction Error Response in Schizophrenia
Reinen, J., Snellenberg, J. X. V., Horga, G., Abi‐Dargham, A., Daw, N. D., & Daphna Shohamy, A. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw045 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Kirschner, M., Hager, O. M., Muff, L., Bischof, M., Hartmann-Riemer, M., Kluge, A., Habermeyer, B., Seifritz, E., Tobler, P., & Kaiser, S. (2016) · Schizophrenia bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw142 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Stepien, M., Manoliu, A., Kubli, R., Schneider, K., Tobler, P. N., Seifritz, E., Herdener, M., Kaiser, S., & Kirschner, M. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198215 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Basal ganglia lateralization in different types of reward
Arsalidou, M., Vijayarajah, S., & Sharaev, M. (2020) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-019-00215-3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Kirschner, M., Schmidt, A., Hodzic-Santor, B. H., Burrer, A., Manoliu, A., Zeighami, Y., Yau, Y. H. C., Abbasi, N., Maatz, A., Habermeyer, B., et al. (2020) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa169 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Differential neural reward mechanisms in treatment-responsive and treatment-resistant schizophrenia
Vanes, L. D., Mouchlianitis, E. D., Collier, T., Averbeck, B. B., & Shergill, S. S. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718000041 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Cressman, V. L., Schobel, S., Steinfeld, S., Ben‐David, S., Thompson, J. L., Small, S. A., Moore, H. M., & Corcoran, C. M. (2015) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/npjschz.2015.20 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Chung, Y. S., & Barch, D. M. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000137 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Striatal dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected first-degree relatives
Li, Z., Yan, C., Lv, Q., Yi, Z., Zhang, J.-Y., Wang, J., Lui, S. S. Y., Xu, Y., Cheung, E. F. C., Gur, R. E., et al. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.043 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Alves, F. D. S., Bakker, G., Schmitz, N., Abeling, N. G. G. M., Hasler, G., van der Meer, J. N., Nederveen, A. J., de Haan, L., LINSZEN, D. H., & van Amelsvoort, T. (2013) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.06.008 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Anticevic, A., Schleifer, C., & Cho, Y. (2015) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2015.17.4/aanticevic · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Insel, C., Reinen, J., Weber, J., Wager, T. D., Jarskog, L. F., Daphna Shohamy, A., & Smith, E. E. (2014) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-014-0261-3 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Yan, C., Yang, T., Yu, Q., Jin, Z. H., Cheung, E. F. C., Liu, X., & Chan, R. C. K. (2015) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.01.001 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Dysregulated but not decreased salience network activity in schizophrenia
White, T. P., Gilleen, J., & Shergill, S. S. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00065 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Moran, E. K., Culbreth, A. J., & Barch, D. M. (2022) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2022_321 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Reduced susceptibility to confirmation bias in schizophrenia
Doll, B. B., Waltz, J. A., Cockburn, J., Brown, J. K., Frank, M. J., & Gold, J. M. (2014) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-014-0250-6 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationZeng, J., You, L., Yang, F., Luo, Y., Yu, S., Yan, J., Liu, M., & Yang, X. (2023) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26249 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Huang, J., Wang, Y., Niu, Y., Lui, S. S. Y., Hui, L., & Chan, R. C. K. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723000703 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Edwards, C., Cella, M., Tarrier, N., & Wykes, T. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.091 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Nielsen, M. Ø., Rostrup, E., Broberg, B. V., Wulff, S., & Glenthoj, B. Y. (2017) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1550059417744120 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Wolf, D. H. (2011) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00081 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Strauss, G. P., Thaler, N. S., Matveeva, T. M., Vogel, S. J., Sutton, G. P., Lee, B. G., & Allen, D. N. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000039 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Rasagiline in the Treatment of the Persistent Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Buchanan, R. W., Weiner, E., Kelly, D. L., Gold, J. M., Keller, W. R., Waltz, J. A., McMahon, R. P., & Gorelick, D. A. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu151 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationEisenstein, S. A., Bogdan, R., Chen, L., Moerlein, S. M., BLACK, K. J., Perlmutter, J. S., Hershey, T. G., & Barch, D. M. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.11.007 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Brown, E. C., Gonzalez-Liencres, C., Taş, C., & Brüne, M. (2015) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2015.1053982 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Motivational deficits in schizophrenia relate to abnormalities in cortical learning rate signals
Hernaus, D., Xu, Z., Brown, E. C., Ruiz, R., Frank, M. J., Gold, J. M., & Waltz, J. A. (2018) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-018-0643-z · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationEdwards, C., Cella, M., Tarrier, N., & Wykes, T. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.013 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Belief Updating in Subclinical and Clinical Delusions
Fromm, S. P., Katthagen, T., Deserno, L., Heinz, A., Kaminski, J. A., & Schlagenhauf, F. (2022) · Schizophrenia Bulletin Open · doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac074 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kaliuzhna, M., Kirschner, M., Carruzzo, F., Hartmann-Riemer, M. N., Bischof, M., Seifritz, E., Tobler, P. N., & Kaiser, S. (2021) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.007 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
20 Years of Aberrant Salience in Psychosis: What Have We Learned?
Corlett, P. R., & Fraser, K. M. (2025) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20240556 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kasanova, Z., Waltz, J. A., Strauss, G. P., Frank, M. J., & Gold, J. M. (2011) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.12.003 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationImmediate affective motivation is not impaired in schizophrenia
Trémeau, F., Antonius, D., Nolan, K. A., Butler, P. D., & Javitt, D. C. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.08.001 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Cerebral blood flow in striatal regions is associated with apathy in patients with schizophrenia
Schneider, K., Michels, L., Hartmann-Riemer, M. N., Burrer, A., Tobler, P. N., Stämpfli, P., Kirschner, M., Seifritz, E., & Kaiser, S. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.170150 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Modeling Interneuron Dysfunction in Schizophrenia
Schmidt, M. J., & Mirnics, K. (2012) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000336731 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Functional neural correlates of social approval in schizophrenia
Makowski, C., Lepage, M., & Harvey, P. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv125 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Barch, D. M., Pagliaccio, D., Luking, K. R., Moran, E. K., & Culbreth, A. J. (2019) · Nebraska Symposium on Motivation/The Nebraska symposium on motivation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27473-3_5 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Waltz, J. A., Schweitzer, J. B., Ross, T. J., Kurup, P. K., Salmeron, B. J., Rose, E. J., Gold, J. M., & Stein, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Waltz, James A
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2010-08-18
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2427-2439
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC2955756
- OpenAlex
- W1991367158
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p30mh068580-03, 5k12rr023250-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (P30 MH-068580, 1R24 MH72647-01A1, R24MH072647)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Center for Research Resources (1K12 RR 023250-01, K12-RR023250)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, monetary incentive delay task, reward processing, punishment sensitivity, outcome valence, prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, basal ganglia, negative symptoms, positive symptoms, outcome magnitude
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Basal Ganglia, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cues, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Reinforcement, Psychology, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Self Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
