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Behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms of punishment: implications for psychiatric disorders

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Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel, Philip, Killcross, Simon, McNally, Gavan P.·2018·Neuropsychopharmacology
DOI 10.1038/s41386-018-0047-3PMC PMC6006171
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Abstract

Punishment involves learning about the relationship between behavior and its adverse consequences. Punishment is fundamental to reinforcement learning, decision-making and choice, and is disrupted in psychiatric disorders such as addiction, depression, and psychopathy. However, little is known about the brain mechanisms of punishment and much of what is known is derived from study of superficially similar, but fundamentally distinct, forms of aversive learning such as fear conditioning and avoidance learning. Here we outline the unique conditions that support punishment, the contents of its learning, and its behavioral consequences. We consider evidence implicating GABA and monoamine neurotransmitter systems, as well as corticostriatal, amygdala, and dopamine circuits in punishment. We show how maladaptive punishment processes are implicated in addictions, impulse control disorders, psychopathy, anxiety, and depression and argue that a better understanding of the cellular, circuit, and cognitive mechanisms of punishment will make important contributions to next generation therapeutic approaches.

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  • At the implementation stage, patients with substance or gambling addictions may procrastinate, forget the decision made, or follow habit.

    “на этапе выполнения принятого решения одни пациенты могут откладывать соответствующие действия, забывать о принятом решении, следовать привычке (при зависимостях от веществ или азартных игр)”

    From Когнитивные механизмы дисфункционального принятия решений при психических расстройствах (2025) · cites this paper as Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel et al., 2018

    The ‘Punishment and neuropsychiatric disorders’ section (page unavailable) says substance-use and gambling disorders involve persistent behavior despite adverse consequences and difficulty suppressing that behavior. It does not describe patients postponing actions, forgetting a decision, or failing specifically at the implementation stage; nor does that passage establish following habit as the mechanism. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Negative consequences and risks associated with addictive behavior do not motivate people with addictions to change their dangerous habits.

    “Т.е.негативные последствия и риски, связанные с аддиктивным поведением, не мотивируют людей с зависимостями изменить свои опасные привычки (Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel et al., 2018).”

    From Когнитивные механизмы дисфункционального принятия решений при психических расстройствах (2025) · cites this paper as Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel et al., 2018

    In “Punishment and neuropsychiatric disorders” (page not available), the paper describes insensitivity to adverse consequences in substance use disorders and behavior that persists despite adverse consequences in behavioral addictions. That supports the general point, but the claim’s categorical statement that risks do not motivate people with addictions to change goes beyond the paper’s description of reduced sensitivity and persistent behavior. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel, P., Killcross, S., & McNally, G. P.
Affiliations
UNSW Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author
McNally, Gavan P.
ORCID
Venue
Neuropsychopharmacology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-03-27
Volume
43
Issue
8
Pages
1639-1650
ISSN
  • 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-634X
DOI
10.1038/s41386-018-0047-3
PMC
PMC6006171
OpenAlex
W2794676591
Cited by
160
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8
FWCI
6.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UNSWorks (UNSW Sydney) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Medical Research Council
  • Australian Research Council
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
punishment, aversive learning, reinforcement learning, decision-making, addiction, depression, psychopathy, impulse control disorders, anxiety, monoamines, amygdala, corticostriatal circuits, fear conditioning, avoidance learning, mental illness
MeSH terms
Animals, Avoidance Learning, Mental Disorders, Brain, Humans, Punishment

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