Cited by 369Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchTreatment of Major DepressionNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

GABA/glutamate co-release controls habenula output and is modified by antidepressant treatment

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Shabel, Steven J., Proulx, Christophe D., Piriz, Joaquin, Malinow, Roberto·2014·Science

Abstract

The lateral habenula (LHb), a key regulator of monoaminergic brain regions, is activated by negatively valenced events. Its hyperactivity is associated with depression. Although enhanced excitatory input to the LHb has been linked to depression, little is known about inhibitory transmission. We discovered that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is co-released with its functional opponent, glutamate, from long-range basal ganglia inputs (which signal negative events) to limit LHb activity in rodents. At this synapse, the balance of GABA/glutamate signaling is shifted toward reduced GABA in a model of depression and increased GABA by antidepressant treatment. GABA and glutamate co-release therefore controls LHb activity, and regulation of this form of transmission may be important for determining the effect of negative life events on mood and behavior.

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  • The excitatory/inhibitory ratio at each synapse can be adjusted independently by regulating vesicular transporter activity or postsynaptic receptor composition.

    “The excitatory/ inhibitory ratio at each synapse can be adjusted independently by regulating the activity of the vesicular transporters 26,41 or adjusting the composition of postsynaptic receptors.”
  • LHb-projecting EP/GPi neurons were later found to transmit both glutamate and GABA and to be capable of exciting and inhibiting LHb neurons.

    “Later, they were found to simultaneously transmit both glutamate and GABA and to be capable of both exciting and inhibiting LHb neurons 40,26 (Figure 1A).”

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Authors
Shabel, S. J., Proulx, C. D., Piriz, J., & Malinow, R.
Affiliations
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Grupo de Neurociencia de Sistemas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Houssay (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Corresponding author
Shabel, Steven J.
Venue
Science
Published
2014-09-19
Volume
345
Issue
6203
Pages
1494-1498
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2046270739
Cited by
369
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 5
FWCI
15.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Conicet (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH091119)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS047101, P30NS047101)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
lateral habenula, glutamate co-release, synaptic inhibition, depression, antidepressant treatment
MeSH terms
Channelrhodopsins, Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Glutamic Acid, Habenula, Entopeduncular Nucleus, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2, Mice, Rats

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