SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5 · Cited by 48,884

Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China

Guan, W.-J., Ni, Z.-Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W.-H., Ou, C.-Q., He, J.-X., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C.-L., Hui, D. S. C., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2002032 · Cited by 30,246

A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019

Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B., Shi, W., Lu, R., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001017 · Cited by 28,244

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3 · Cited by 27,263

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel Coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study.

Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7 · Cited by 21,415

Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia

Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001316 · Cited by 16,575

Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19

The RECOVERY Collaborative Group (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2021436 · Cited by 11,477

Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY

Williamson, E. J., Walker, A. J., Bhaskaran, K., Bacon, S., Bates, C., Morton, C. E., Curtis, H. J., Mehrkar, A., Evans, D., Inglesby, P., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2521-4 · Cited by 6,674

Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19

Varga, Z., Flammer, A. J., Steiger, P., Haberecker, M., Andermatt, R., Zinkernagel, A. S., Mehra, M. R., Schuepbach, R. A., Ruschitzka, F., & Moch, H. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30937-5 · Cited by 6,358

The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application

Lauer, S. A., Grantz, K. H., Bi, Q., Jones, F. K., Zheng, Q., Meredith, H. R., Azman, A. S., Reich, N. G., & Lessler, J. (2020) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m20-0504 · Cited by 5,970

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus

Li, W., Moore, M. J., Vasilieva, N., Sui, J., Wong, S. K., Berne, M. A., Somasundaran, M., Sullivan, J. L., Luzuriaga, K., Greenough, T. C., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02145 · Cited by 5,923

Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy

Grasselli, G., Zangrillo, A., Zanella, A., Antonelli, M., Cabrini, L., Castelli, A., Cereda, D., Coluccello, A., Foti, G., Fumagalli, R., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.5394 · Cited by 5,469

Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19

Klok, F. A., Kruip, M. J. H. A., van der Meer, N. J. M., Arbous, M. S., Gommers, D. A. M. P. J., Kant, K. M., Kaptein, F. H. J., van Paassen, J., Stals, M. A. M., Huisman, M. V., et al. (2020) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013 · Cited by 5,028

Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review

Wiersinga, W. J., Rhodes, A., Cheng, A. C., Peacock, S. J., & Prescott, H. C. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12839 · Cited by 4,609

Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome

Drosten, C., Günther, S., Preiser, W., van der Werf, S., Brodt, H.-R., Becker, S., Rabenau, H., Panning, M., Kolesnikova, L., Fouchier, R. A. M., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa030747 · Cited by 4,574

Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus

Wan, Y., Shang, J., Graham, R., Baric, R. S., & Li, F. (2020) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00127-20 · Cited by 4,341

Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients

Hadjadj, J., Yatim, N., Barnabei, L., Corneau, A., Boussier, J., Smith, N., Péré, H., Charbit, B., Bondet, V., Chenevier-Gobeaux, C., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc6027 · Cited by 2,984

Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19

Bastard, P., Rosen, L. B., Zhang, Q., Michailidis, E., Hoffmann, H.-H., Zhang, Y., Dorgham, K., Philippot, Q., Rosain, J., Béziat, V., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd4585 · Cited by 2,662

Single-cell landscape of bronchoalveolar immune cells in patients with COVID-19

Liao, M., Liu, Y., Yuan, J., Wen, Y., Xu, G., Zhao, J., Cheng, L., Li, J., Wang, X., Wang, F., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0901-9 · Cited by 2,614

An inflammatory cytokine signature predicts COVID-19 severity and survival

Del Valle, D. M., Kim-Schulze, S., Huang, H.-H., Beckmann, N. D., Nirenberg, S., Wang, B., Lavin, Y., Swartz, T. H., Madduri, D., Stock, A., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1051-9 · Cited by 2,605

Association Between Administration of Systemic Corticosteroids and Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Meta-analysis

The WHO Rapid Evidence Appraisal for COVID-19 Therapies (REACT) Working Group, Sterne, J. A. C., Murthy, S., Diaz, J. V., Slutsky, A. S., Villar, J., Angus, D. C., Annane, D., Azevedo, L. C. P., Berwanger, O., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17023 · Cited by 2,257

Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19

Zhang, Q., Bastard, P., Liu, Z., Le Pen, J., Moncada-Velez, M., Chen, J., Ogishi, M., Sabli, I. K. D., Hodeib, S., Korol, C., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd4570 · Cited by 2,229

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC

Raj, V. S., Mou, H., Smits, S. L., Dekkers, D. H. W., Müller, M. A., Dijkman, R., Muth, D., Demmers, J. A. A., Zaki, A., Fouchier, R. A. M., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12005 · Cited by 2,061

Complex Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Respiratory Failure

Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E. J., Netea, M. G., Rovina, N., Akinosoglou, K., Antoniadou, A., Antonakos, N., Damoraki, G., Gkavogianni, T., Adami, M.-E., Katsaounou, P., et al. (2020) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.009 · Cited by 2,045

Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity

Cantuti-Castelvetri, L., Ojha, R., Pedro, L. D., Djannatian, M., Franz, J., Kuivanen, S., van der Meer, F., Kallio, K., Kaya, T., Anastasina, M., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd2985 · Cited by 1,925

Type 2 alveolar cells are stem cells in adult lung

Barkauskas, C. E., Cronce, M. J., Rackley, C. R., Bowie, E. J., Keene, D. R., Stripp, B. R., Randell, S. H., Noble, P. W., & Hogan, B. L. M. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci68782 · Cited by 1,776

Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2

Puelles, V. G., Lütgehetmann, M., Lindenmeyer, M. T., Sperhake, J. P., Wong, M. N., Allweiss, L., Chilla, S., Heinemann, A., Wanner, N., Liu, S., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2011400 · Cited by 1,775

REGN-COV2, a Neutralizing Antibody Cocktail, in Outpatients with Covid-19

Weinreich, D. M., Sivapalasingam, S., Norton, T., Ali, S., Gao, H., Bhore, R., Musser, B. J., Soo, Y., Rofail, D., Im, J., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2035002 · Cited by 1,642

Severe COVID-19 Is Marked by a Dysregulated Myeloid Cell Compartment

Schulte-Schrepping, J., Reusch, N., Paclik, D., Baßler, K., Schlickeiser, S., Zhang, B., Krämer, B., Krammer, T., Brumhard, S., Bonaguro, L., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.001 · Cited by 1,461

Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19

Meinhardt, J., Radke, J., Dittmayer, C., Franz, J., Thomas, C., Mothes, R., Laue, M., Schneider, J., Brünink, S., Greuel, S., et al. (2021) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-020-00758-5 · Cited by 1,458

Replication of human noroviruses in stem cell–derived human enteroids

Ettayebi, K., Crawford, S. E., Murakami, K., Broughman, J. R., Karandikar, U., Tenge, V. R., Neill, F. H., Blutt, S. E., Zeng, X.-L., Qu, L., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf5211 · Cited by 1,305

Neuropilin-1 is a host factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Daly, J. L., Simonetti, B., Klein, K., Chen, K.-E., Williamson, M. K., Antón-Plágaro, C., Shoemark, D. K., Simón-Gracia, L., Bauer, M., Hollandi, R., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd3072 · Cited by 1,251

Age-specific mortality and immunity patterns of SARS-CoV-2

O’Driscoll, M., Ribeiro Dos Santos, G., Wang, L., Cummings, D. A. T., Azman, A. S., Paireau, J., Fontanet, A., Cauchemez, S., & Salje, H. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2918-0 · Cited by 1,210

Systems biological assessment of immunity to mild versus severe COVID-19 infection in humans

Arunachalam, P. S., Wimmers, F., Mok, C. K. P., Perera, R. A. P. M., Scott, M., Hagan, T., Sigal, N., Feng, Y., Bristow, L., Tak-Yin Tsang, O., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc6261 · Cited by 1,186

Elevated levels of IL-6 and CRP predict the need for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19

Herold, T., Jurinovic, V., Arnreich, C., Lipworth, B. J., Hellmuth, J. C., von Bergwelt-Baildon, M., Klein, M., & Weinberger, T. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.008 · Cited by 1,161

Long‐term expanding human airway organoids for disease modeling

Sachs, N., Papaspyropoulos, A., Zomer‐van Ommen, D. D., Heo, I., Böttinger, L., Klay, D., Weeber, F., Huelsz‐Prince, G., Iakobachvili, N., Amatngalim, G. D., et al. (2019) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2018100300 · Cited by 1,082

Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model

Rockx, B., Kuiken, T., Herfst, S., Bestebroer, T., Lamers, M. M., Oude Munnink, B. B., de Meulder, D., van Amerongen, G., van den Brand, J., Okba, N. M. A., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb7314 · Cited by 901

Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past

Giannis, D., Ziogas, I. A., & Gianni, P. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104362 · Cited by 893

Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for pulmonary fibrosis

Fingerlin, T. E., Murphy, E., Zhang, W., Peljto, A. L., Brown, K. K., Steele, M. P., Loyd, J. E., Cosgrove, G. P., Lynch, D., Groshong, S., et al. (2013) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.2609 · Cited by 809

Complement and tissue factor–enriched neutrophil extracellular traps are key drivers in COVID-19 immunothrombosis

Skendros, P., Mitsios, A., Chrysanthopoulou, A., Mastellos, D. C., Metallidis, S., Rafailidis, P., Ntinopoulou, M., Sertaridou, E., Tsironidou, V., Tsigalou, C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci141374 · Cited by 786

Adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice for testing vaccine efficacy

Gu, H., Chen, Q., Yang, G., He, L., Fan, H., Deng, Y.-Q., Wang, Y., Teng, Y., Zhao, Z., Cui, Y., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc4730 · Cited by 762

A mouse-adapted model of SARS-CoV-2 to test COVID-19 countermeasures

Dinnon, K. H., Leist, S. R., Schäfer, A., Edwards, C. E., Martinez, D. R., Montgomery, S. A., West, A., Yount, B. L., Hou, Y. J., Adams, L. E., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2708-8 · Cited by 675

The N501Y spike substitution enhances SARS-CoV-2 transmission

Liu, Y., Liu, J., Plante, K. S., Plante, J. A., Xie, X., Zhang, X., Ku, Z., An, Z., Scharton, D., Schindewolf, C., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.03.08.434499 · Cited by 574

Persistence of a regeneration-associated, transitional alveolar epithelial cell state in pulmonary fibrosis

Kobayashi, Y., Tata, A., Konkimalla, A., Katsura, H., Lee, R. F., Ou, J., Banovich, N. E., Kropski, J. A., & Tata, P. R. (2020) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-020-0542-8 · Cited by 559

SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and lung fibrosis

Wendisch, D., Dietrich, O., Mari, T., von Stillfried, S., Ibarra, I. L., Mittermaier, M., Mache, C., Chua, R. L., Knoll, R., Timm, S., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.033 · Cited by 528

Progenitor identification and SARS-CoV-2 infection in human distal lung organoids

Salahudeen, A. A., Choi, S. S., Rustagi, A., Zhu, J., van Unen, V., de la O, S. M., Flynn, R. A., Margalef-Català, M., Santos, A. J. M., Ju, J., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-3014-1 · Cited by 416

Human NLRP1 is a sensor for double-stranded RNA

Bauernfried, S., Scherr, M. J., Pichlmair, A., Duderstadt, K. E., & Hornung, V. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd0811 · Cited by 304

Three-dimensional human alveolar stem cell culture models reveal infection response to SARS-CoV-2

Youk, J., Kim, T., Evans, K. V., Jeong, Y.-I., Hur, Y., Hong, S. P., Kim, J. H., Yi, K., Kim, S. Y., Na, K. J., et al. (2020) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2020.10.004 · Cited by 266

An organoid‐derived bronchioalveolar model for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of human alveolar type II‐like cells

Lamers, M. M., van der Vaart, J., Knoops, K., Riesebosch, S., Breugem, T. I., Mykytyn, A. Z., Beumer, J., Schipper, D., Bezstarosti, K., Koopman, C. D., et al. (2021) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2020105912 · Cited by 227

Complement activation induces excessive T cell cytotoxicity in severe COVID-19

Georg, P., Astaburuaga-García, R., Bonaguro, L., Brumhard, S., Michalick, L., Lippert, L. J., Kostevc, T., Gäbel, C., Schneider, M., Streitz, M., et al. (2022) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.040 · Cited by 218

SARS-CoV-2 growth, furin-cleavage-site adaptation and neutralization using serum from acutely infected hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Klimstra, W. B., Tilston-Lunel, N. L., Nambulli, S., Boslett, J., McMillen, C. M., Gilliland, T., Dunn, M. D., Sun, C., Wheeler, S. E., Wells, A., et al. (2020) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001481 · Cited by 137

C5a and TNF-α Up-Regulate the Expression of Tissue Factor in Intra-Alveolar Neutrophils of Patients with the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Kambas, K., Markiewski, M. M., Pneumatikos, I. A., Rafail, S. S., Theodorou, V., Konstantonis, D., Kourtzelis, I., Doumas, M. N., Magotti, P., DeAngelis, R. A., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.11.7368 · Cited by 127

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): molecular mechanisms of induction and applications

Cerneckis, J., Cai, H., & Shi, Y. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01809-0 · Cited by 452

NSP4 and ORF9b of SARS-CoV-2 Induce Pro-Inflammatory Mitochondrial DNA Release in Inner Membrane-Derived Vesicles

Faizan, M. I., Chaudhuri, R., Sagar, S., Albogami, S., Chaudhary, N., Azmi, I., Akhtar, A., Ali, S. M., Kumar, R., Iqbal, J., et al. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11192969 · Cited by 61

Preventive vitamin D supplementation and risk for COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sartini, M., Del Puente, F., Oliva, M., Carbone, A., Bobbio, N., Schinca, E., Giribone, L., & Cristina, M. L. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16050679 · Cited by 38

Proteolytic cleavage and inactivation of the TRMT1 tRNA modification enzyme by SARS-CoV-2 main protease

Zhang, K., Eldin, P., Ciesla, J. H., Briant, L., Lentini, J. M., Ramos, J., Cobb, J., Munger, J., & Fu, D. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.90316 · Cited by 12

Proteolytic cleavage and inactivation of the TRMT1 tRNA modification enzyme by SARS-CoV-2 main protease

Zhang, K., Eldin, P., Ciesla, J. H., Briant, L., Lentini, J. M., Ramos, J., Cobb, J., Munger, J., & Fu, D. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.90316.3 · Cited by 9