Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology
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Abstract
Abstract Bipolar disorder (BD) is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 41,917 BD cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry, which identified 64 associated genomic loci. BD risk alleles were enriched in genes in synaptic signaling pathways and brain-expressed genes, particularly those with high specificity of expression in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Significant signal enrichment was found in genes encoding targets of antipsychotics, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics and anesthetics. Integrating eQTL data implicated 15 genes robustly linked to BD via gene expression, encoding druggable targets such as HTR6, MCHR1, DCLK3 and FURIN. Analyses of BD subtypes indicated high but imperfect genetic correlation between BD type I and II and identified additional associated loci. Together, these results advance our understanding of the biological etiology of BD, identify novel therapeutic leads and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies.
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EduYears shows phenotypic correlations and shares genetic components with multiple traits and diseases relevant to medical research, including cognitive function, neurodegeneration and psychiatric disorders.
“As previous studies and our results suggest, EduYears shows phenotypic correlations and shares genetic components with multiple traits and diseases relevant to medical research, including cognitive function, neurodegeneration and psychiatric disorders43–46”
From Shared genetic architectures of educational attainment in East Asian and European populations (2024) · cites this paper as [46]
The Discussion (page not provided) reports epidemiological associations between educational attainment and bipolar disorder and estimates that almost all variants influencing bipolar disorder also influence educational attainment. This supports the psychiatric-disorder example, but the paper does not establish the claimed relationships between EduYears and cognitive function or neurodegeneration. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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A calcium antagonistic effect of the new antiepileptic drug lamotrigine.
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Translational genomics and beyond in bipolar disorder
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Transcriptomic Imputation of Bipolar Disorder and Bipolar subtypes reveals 29 novel associated genesPreprint
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“Approximately 7.3K (s.d. = 324) common variants were found to influence ADHD, less than our estimates for SCZ (9.6K; s.d. = 199), MDD (11.7K; s.d. = 345) and ASD (10.3K; s.d. = 1,011) and less than previously reported for bipolar disorder (BD) (8.6K; s.d. = 200) 18 .”
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“Interestingly, we did not see a significant change in histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation levels (H3K27ac, associated with neuronal activity in the classic Pavlovian contextual fear condition; Marco et al., 2020) with WAY181187 agonist injection (Figures 6B and 6D).”
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“A recent genome-wide association study identified HTR6 as one of the 15 genes indicated in bipolar disorders (Mullins et al., 2021), while a somatic HTR6 mutation was detected in resected cortical seizure foci with dysplastic growth (Zhang et al., 2020).”
BackgroundNievergelt, C. M., Maihofer, A. X., Atkinson, E. G., Chen, C., Choi, K. W., Coleman, J. R. I., Daskalakis, N. P., Duncan, L. E., Polimanti, R. A., Aaronson, C. J., et al. (2024) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01707-9 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
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“This figure doesn’t indicate which values are actually reliable and statistically significantly different from 0.”
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“12: ADHD 112 , ALS 113 , Alzheimer’s disease 114 , age of smoking initiation 115 , autism 116 , bipolar disorder (all, type I, and type II) 117 , cigarettes per day 115 , educational attainment 118 , epilepsy (all, focal, generalized) 119 , height 120 , IQ 121 , insomnia 122 , neuroticism 123 , OCD…”
Self-citationThe genetic architecture of human cortical folding
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Hindley, G., Frei, O., Shadrin, A. A., Cheng, W., O’Connell, K. S., Icick, R., Parker, N., Bahrami, S., Karadag, N., Roelfs, D., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.21101051 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
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“The evidence includes both common and rare variants and is most robust for schizophrenia [25] and BD [26], but VGCC associations are observed across a range of psychiatric disorders [63], albeit not (yet) for anxiety disorders [64].”
BackgroundPRSet: Pathway-based polygenic risk score analyses and software
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“Samples for the classification of bipolar disorder subtypes were obtained through a secondary analysis approved collaboration with the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Bipolar Disorder Working Group.”
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“We examined liability-scale heritability estimates for publicly available, European only summary statistics for 12 major disorders: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (12), alcohol dependence (13), Alzheimer’s disease (ALZ) (14), anorexia nervosa (15), autism spectrum disorder (16), bipolar disorder (17), cannab…”
BackgroundFriligkou, E., Løkhammer, S., Cabrera‐Mendoza, B., Shen, J., He, J., Deiana, G., Zanoaga, M. D., Asgel, Z., Pilcher, A., Lascio, L. D., et al. (2024) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01908-2 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Multi-omics data integration methods and their applications in psychiatric disorders
Sathyanarayanan, A., Mueller, T. T., Moni, M. A., Schueler, K., Baune, B. T., Lió, P., Mehta, D., Baune, B. T., Dierssen, M., Ebert, B., et al. (2023) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.01.001 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationPolygenic scores: prediction versus explanation
Plomin, R. J., & von Stumm, S. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01348-y · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Sterenborg, R. B. T. M., Steinbrenner, I., Li, Y., Bujnis, M. N., Naito, T., Marouli, E., Galesloot, T. E., Babajide, O., Andreasen, L., Astrup, A., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-44701-9 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationMulti-ancestry meta-analysis and fine-mapping in Alzheimer’s disease
Lake, J., Solsberg, C. W., Kim, J. J., Acosta‐Uribe, J., Makarious, M. B., Li, Z., Levine, K. S., Heutink, P., Alvarado, C. X., Vitale, D., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02089-w · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“Caribbean Hispanic GWAS Data from the Columbia University Study of Caribbean Hispanics and Late Onset Alzheimer ’ s disease were accessed via application to dbGaP accession number phs000496.v1.p1 in April of 2022.”
MethodSchizophrenia Genomics: Convergence on Synaptic Development, Adult Synaptic Plasticity, or Both?
Hall, J., & Bray, N. J. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.10.018 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“, CACNA1C) are also associated with bipolar disorder (114).”
BackgroundMapping of neuronal and glial primary cilia contactome and connectome in the human cerebral cortex
Wu, J. Y., Cho, S.-J., Descant, K. D., Li, P. H., Shapson-Coe, A., Januszewski, M., Berger, D. R., Meyer, C., Casingal, C. R., Huda, A., et al. (2023) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.032 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
A genetically informed Registered Report on adverse childhood experiences and mental health
Baldwin, J. R., Sallis, H., Schoeler, T., Taylor, M. J., Kwong, A. S. F., Tielbeek, J. J., Barkhuizen, W., Warrier, V., Howe, L. D., Danese, A., et al. (2022) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-022-01482-9 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Expression and functions of adenylyl cyclases in the CNS
Devasani, K., & Yao, Y. (2022) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-022-00322-2 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
“A recent GWAS study revealed that ADCY2 polymorphism was associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder [62, 63], anxiety and stress-like disorders [64], Lesch-Nyhan disease and schizophrenia [65, 66].”
BackgroundThe functional and evolutionary impacts of human-specific deletions in conserved elements
Xue, J. R., Mackay-Smith, A., Mouri, K., García, M. F., Dong, M. X., Akers, J. F., Noble, M., Li, X., Lindblad‐Toh, K., Karlsson, E. K., et al. (2023) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abn2253 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“GWASs from the following sources were used: (i) intelligence (269,867 individuals) (61); (ii) depression (173,005 individuals, with 23andMe samples excluded) (62); (iii) bipolar (413,466 individuals) (63); and (iv) schizophrenia (65,967 individuals) (64).”
MethodMu, C., Dang, X., & Luo, X. (2024) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01879-8 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“…Alzheimer’s disease 84 , attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 85 , anxiety disorder 86 , autism spectrum disorder 87 , bipolar disorder 88 , insomnia 89 , depression, post-traumatic stress disorder 90 , schizophrenia 91 , Tourette syndrome 92 , alcohol use disorder 93 and cannabis use…”
Meta-Analyses of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Postpartum Depression
Guintivano, J., Byrne, E. M., Kiewa, J., Yao, S., Bauer, A. E., Åberg, K. A., Adams, M. J., Campbell, A. I., Campbell, M. L., Choi, K. W., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20230053 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationMachine learning dissection of human accelerated regions in primate neurodevelopment
Whalen, S., Inoue, F., Ryu, H., Fair, T., Markenscoff-Papadimitriou, E., Keough, K. C., Kircher, M., Martin, B., Alvarado, B., Elor, O., et al. (2023) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.12.026 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“Variant datasets from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium included ADHD (Demontis et al., 2019), Alzheimer’s Disease (Jansen et al., 2019), Autism Spectrum Disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorders Working Group of The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, 2017), Bipolar Disorder (Mullins et al., 2021), Cross-Disorder (Cross-Dis…”
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 by lithium, a mechanism in search of specificity
Chatterjee, D., & Beaulieu, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.1028963 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“This probably explains why few rare and no common variants of GSK3A or GSK3B genes have been associated with enhanced risk for bipolar disorder (Benedetti et al., 2013; Stahl et al., 2019; Li et al., 2021; Mullins et al., 2021).”
BackgroundDiscovery of genomic loci of the human cerebral cortex using genetically informed brain atlases
Makowski, C., van der Meer, D., Dong, W., Wang, H., Wu, Y., Zou, J., Liu, C., Rosenthal, S. B., Hagler, D. J., Fan, C. C., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abe8457 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationGenetic architecture of the structural connectome
Wainberg, M., Forde, N. J., Mansour, S., Kerrebijn, I., Medland, S. E., Hawco, C. S., & Tripathy, S. J. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46023-2 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationDifferences between bipolar disorder types 1 and 2 support the DSM two-syndrome concept
Tondo, L., Miola, A., Pinna, M., Contu, M., & Baldessarini, R. J. (2022) · International Journal of Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40345-022-00268-2 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“At issue were whether: [a] to leave BD-2 as a boundary case within the category of unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) as in DSM-III-R; [b] to add a specifier *Correspondence: Ltondo@aol.com 1 International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States Full list o…”
InfluentialMassively parallel characterization of regulatory elements in the developing human cortex
Deng, C., Whalen, S., Steyert, M., Ziffra, R., Przytycki, P. F., Inoue, F., Pereira, D. A., Capauto, D., Norton, S., Vaccarino, F. M., et al. (2024) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adh0559 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Su, Y.-J., Zhou, Y., Bennett, M. L., Li, S.-Y., Carceles-Cordon, M., Lu, L., Huh, S., Jimenez-Cyrus, D., Kennedy, B. C., Kessler, S., et al. (2023) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2022.12.007 · Cited by 59
Inflammation and cognition in severe mental illness: patterns of covariation and subgroups
Sæther, L. S., Ueland, T., Haatveit, B. C., Maglanoc, L. A., Szabó, A., Djurovic, S., Aukrust, P., Roelfs, D., Mohn, C., Ormerod, M. B. E. G., et al. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01924-w · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationLee, H., Xue, C., & Yokomizo, T. (2024) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159564 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Liu, J., Cheng, Y., Li, M., Zhang, Z., Li, T., & Luo, X. (2022) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-022-01456-5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“In the past two decades, GWASs have identified numerous risk variants and genes for many human complex diseases and traits, including psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia [40–43], depression [44, 45], BP [46] and ADHD [47].”
BackgroundAdvances in Zebrafish as a Comprehensive Model of Mental Disorders
Wang, L., Liu, F., Fang, Y.-M., Ma, J.-H., Wang, J.-W., Qu, L., Yang, Q.-S., Wu, W., Jin, L.-B., & Sun, D. (2023) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1155/2023/6663141 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“Moreover, ADHD is related to the abnormal metabolism of neurotransmitters in the brain, which may be related to the dysfunction of the metabolism of the neurotransmitter dopamine system (especially NE) (Figure 10) [322].”
Mapping the cellular etiology of schizophrenia and complex brain phenotypes
Duncan, L. E., Li, T., Salem, M., Li, W., Mortazavi, L., Senturk, H., Shahverdizadeh, N., Vesuna, S. S., Shen, H., Yoon, J. H., et al. (2025) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-024-01834-w · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Temporally distinct 3D multi-omic dynamics in the developing human brain
Heffel, M. G., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Lee, D.-S., Hou, K., Pastor-Alonso, O., Abuhanna, K. D., Galasso, J., Kern, C., Tai, C., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08030-7 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“The genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics included in this study were as follows: schizophrenia 40 , bipolar disorder 62 , major depressive disorder 63 , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 64 , autism spectrum disorder 65 , Alzheimer’s disease 66 and height from the UK…”
Austin-Zimmerman, I., Levey, D. F., Giannakopoulou, O., Deak, J. D., Galimberti, M., Adhikari, K., Zhou, H., Denaxas, S., Irizar, H., Kuchenbaecker, K. B., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41249-y · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“We fi ltered results based on a PIP threshold of ≥ 0.7 74 (see Supplementary data 26, 27).”
InfluentialSelf-citationAryal, S., Bonanno, K., Song, B. J., Mani, D. R., Keshishian, H., Carr, S. A., Sheng, M., & Dejanovic, B. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112497 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Cross-ancestry atlas of gene, isoform, and splicing regulation in the developing human brain
Wen, C. H., Margolis, M. P., Dai, R., Zhang, P., Przytycki, P. F., Vo, D., Bhattacharya, A., Matoba, N., Tang, M., Jiao, C., et al. (2024) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adh0829 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“We chose five GWASs of brain-relevant neuro-psychiatric traits: SCZ, ASD, bipolar disorder (BIP), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and major depression disorder (MDD) ( 1 , 2 , 60 – 62 ).”
MethodSelf-citationCui, Y., Arnold, F. J., Peng, F., Wang, D., Li, J. S., Michels, S., Wagner, E. J., Spada, A. R. L., & Li, W. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36311-8 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“…risk of developing various brain disorders, including attention de fi cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 14 , autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 15 , bipolar disorder (BIP) 16 , major depression (MD) 17 , schizophrenia (SCZ) 18 , Parkinson ’ s disease (PD) 19 , and Alzheimer ’ s disease (AD) 20 .”
BackgroundRødevand, L. N., Bahrami, S., Frei, O., Chu, Y., Shadrin, A. A., O’Connell, K. S., Smeland, O. B., Elvsåshagen, T., Hindley, G., Djurovic, S., et al. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01527-z · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationThe genetic relationships between brain structure and schizophrenia
Stauffer, E.-M., Bethlehem, R. A. I., Dorfschmidt, L., Won, H., Warrier, V., & Bullmore, E. T. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-43567-7 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationRichards, A. L., Cardno, A. G., Harold, G. T., Craddock, N. J., Florio, A. D., Jones, L. A., Gordon‐Smith, K., Jones, I. R., Sellers, R., Walters, J., et al. (2022) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2594 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationBhattacharya, A., Vo, D., Jops, C. T., Kim, M., Wen, C. H., Hervoso, J. L., Paşaniuc, B., & Gandal, M. J. (2023) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-023-01560-2 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, W., Chen, R., Feng, L., Dang, X., Liu, J., Chen, T., Yang, J., Su, X., Lv, L., Li, T., et al. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01746-y · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“Compared with other common mental disorders such as schizophrenia 15,80 , depression 81,82 and bipolar disorder 83 , the genetic study of anxiety disorders lags far behind.”
Self-citationPopulation-level variation in enhancer expression identifies disease mechanisms in the human brain
Dong, P., Hoffman, G. E., Apontes, P., Bendl, J. M., Rahman, S., Fernando, M. B., Zeng, B., Vicari, J. M., Zhang, W., Girdhar, K., et al. (2022) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-022-01170-4 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationHow can same-gene mutations promote both cancer and developmental disorders?
Nussinov, R., Tsai, C., & Jang, H. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm2059 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Fröhlich, A. S., Gerstner, N., Gagliardi, M., Ködel, M., Yusupov, N., Matosin, N., Czamara, D., Sauer, S., Roeh, S., Murek, V., et al. (2024) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-024-01742-z · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Customizing delivery nano-vehicles for precise brain tumor therapy
Miao, Y.-B., Zhao, W., Gao, R.-C., Gong, Y., & Shi, Y. (2023) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-023-01775-9 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“This is in line with the results of the autopsy investigation conducted by Price and Johnson, who looked at 126 brain samples and found arachnoid involvement in 70 of them [35].”
ResultNamkung, H., Yukitake, H., Fukudome, D., Lee, B. J., Tian, M., Ursini, G., Saito, A., Lam, S., Kannan, S., Srivastava, R., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.10.19.465053 · Cited by 47
“…implicated in social interaction and psychostimulant sensitivity, such as the nucleus accumbens and the ventral tegmental area (Deng et al., 2010; Murugan et al., 2017), we focused on investigating excitatory neurons in the mPFC, which are the dominant source of cortical outputs (Brown and…”
BackgroundSelf-citationTesfaye, M., Jaholkowski, P., Hindley, G. F. L., Shadrin, A. A., Rahman, Z., Bahrami, S., Lin, A., Holen, B., Parker, N., Cheng, W., et al. (2023) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-023-01212-4 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“cFDR 40,463 313,436 European PGC-BIP [34] PGC-MD + 23andMe + UKBB [30] MD MiXeR 246,363 561,190 European”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationHafez, A. K., Zimmerman, A. J., Papageorgiou, G., Chandrasekaran, J., Amoah, S. K., Lin, R., Lozano, E., Pierotti, C. E., Dell’Orco, M., Hartley, B. J., et al. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110282 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationPrognostic value of polygenic risk scores for adults with psychosis
Landi, I., Kaji, D. A., Cotter, L., Vleck, T. T. V., Belbin, G. M., Preuss, M. H., Loos, R. J. F., Kenny, E. E., Glicksberg, B. S., Beckmann, N. D., et al. (2021) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01475-7 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationOsete, J. R., Akkouh, I. A., Ievglevskyi, O., Vandenberghe, M., de Assis, D. R., Ueland, T., Kondratskaya, E., Holen, B., Szabó, A., Hughes, T., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-01944-0 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“7g, h), consistent with our fi nding that Li-induced reduction in IRR occurs during the fi rst hours of treatment and rapidly fades away.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationChen, W., Feng, J., Jiang, S., Guo, J., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Wang, C., Ma, Y., & Dong, Z. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.044 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Calafate, S., Özturan, G., Thrupp, N., Vanderlinden, J., Marinha, L. S., Morais‐Ribeiro, R., Ruggiero, A., Bozic, I., Rusterholz, T., Lorente-Echeverría, B., et al. (2023) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-023-01325-4 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Genetic architecture of brain age and its causal relations with brain and mental disorders
Leonardsen, E. H., Dídac Vidal-piñeiro, A., Roe, J. M., Frei, O., Shadrin, A. A., Iakunchykova, O. P., de Lange, A. G., Kaufmann, T., Taschler, B., Smith, S. M., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02087-y · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“GWAS summary data for four disorders (SCZ [36], BIP [37], MDD [38], and AD [39]) were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC, https://med.unc.edu/pgc/download-results).”
MethodSelf-citationAdolescent Psychedelic Use and Psychotic or Manic Symptoms
Simonsson, O., Mosing, M., Osika, W., Ullén, F., Larsson, H., Lu, Y., & Wesseldijk, L. (2024) · JAMA psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0047 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Circulating Proteins Influencing Psychiatric Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Lu, T., Forgetta, V., Greenwood, C. M. T., Zhou, S., & Richards, J. B. (2022) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.08.015 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Roles and mechanisms of ankyrin-G in neuropsychiatric disorders
Yoon, S., Piguel, N. H., & Penzes, P. (2022) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-022-00798-w · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Hatzimanolis, O., Sykes, A. M., & Cristino, A. S. (2025) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-025-02925-1 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“As with other GWAS fi ndings, most identi fi ed SNPs are in non-coding regions (94%), with a substantial proportion in intronic regions (64%), which may in fl uence the regulation of circRNA expression [252].”
InfluentialMarchi, M., Alkema, A., Xia, C., Thio, C. H. L., Chen, L.-Y., Schalkwijk, W., Galeazzi, G. M., Ferrari, S., Pingani, L., Kweon, H., et al. (2024) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01919-3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationGenetic regulation of cell type–specific chromatin accessibility shapes brain disease etiology
Zeng, B., Bendl, J. M., Deng, C., Lee, D., Misir, R., Reach, S. M., Kleopoulos, S. P., Auluck, P. K., Marenco, S., Lewis, D. A., et al. (2024) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adh4265 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationGenetics of age-at-onset in major depression
Harder, A., Nguyen, T.-D., Pasman, J. A., Mosing, M. A., Hägg, S., & Lu, Y. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-01888-z · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“PRS for MD (PRSMD), schizophrenia (PRSSCZ), and bipolar disorder (PRSBP) were derived using MD GWAS summary statistics excluding UKB [12] and the largest publicly available summary statistics for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder [27, 28].”
MethodRajagopal, V. M., Ganna, A., Coleman, J. R. I., Allegrini, A. G., Voloudakis, G., Grove, J., Als, T. D., Horsdal, H. T., Petersen, L. V., Appadurai, V., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-26845-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationCheng, W., Parker, N., Karadag, N., Koch, E. M., Hindley, G., Icick, R., Shadrin, A. A., O’Connell, K. S., Bjella, T. D., Bahrami, S., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00143-8 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationIob, E., Pingault, J., Munafo, M. R., Stubbs, B., Gilthorpe, M. S., Maihofer, A. X., & Danese, A. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02133-9 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“, bipolar disorder [32] ( N ~ 413,000), schizophrenia [33] ( N ~ 306,000), anorexia nervosa [34] ( N ~ 69,000), ADHD [35] ( N ~ 55,000), autism [36] ( N ~ 46,000), alcohol dependence [37] ( N ~ 47,000), and cannabis use disorder [38] ( N ~ 374,000) were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics…”
Self-citationGenomics of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
Owen, M. J., Bray, N. J., Walters, J., & O’Donovan, M. C. (2025) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00843-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“…show the largest studies of cases described as meeting clinical diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) 146 and bipolar disorder 29 , demonstrating the relatively low yield of associations per clinically defined case, particularly for depression, which has motivated the…”
InfluentialSelf-citationHow Real-World Data Can Facilitate the Development of Precision Medicine Treatment in Psychiatry
Koch, E. M., Pardiñas, A. F., O’Connell, K. S., Selvaggi, P., Camacho-Collados, J., Babić, A., Marshall, S., der Eycken, E. V., Angulo, C., Lu, Y., et al. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.001 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationXiao, L., Liu, S., Wu, Y., Huang, Y., Tao, S., Liu, Y., Tang, Y., Xie, M., Ma, Q., Yin, Y., et al. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.003 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Goes, F. S., Collado‐Torres, L., Zandi, P. P., Huuki-Myers, L. A., Tao, R., Jaffe, A. E., Pertea, G. M., Shin, J. H., Weinberger, D. R., Kleinman, J. E., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-59115-4 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationHarrison, P. J., Husain, S. M., Lee, H., Angeles, A. D. L., Colbourne, L., Mould, A. W., Hall, N., Haerty, W., & Tunbridge, E. M. (2022) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109262 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationShared genetic architecture and bidirectional clinical risks within the psycho-metabolic nexus
Guo, X., Feng, Y., Ji, X., Jia, N., Maimaiti, A., Lai, J., Wang, Z., Yang, S., & Hu, S. (2024) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105530 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Psychosis superspectrum I: Nosology, etiology, and lifespan development
Jonas, K. G., Cannon, T. D., Docherty, A. R., Dwyer, D., Gur, R. C., Gur, R. E., Nelson, B., Reininghaus, U., & Kotov, R. (2024) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02388-2 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“The lack of a genetic correlation between bipolar disorder and intelligence (r g = -0.09) [79] likely re fl ects that the association between detachment and cognition is stronger than that linking psychoticism and cognition, discussed above.”
InfluentialYamamoto, H., Lee-Okada, H., Ikeda, M., Nakamura, T., Saito, T., Takata, A., Yokomizo, T., Iwata, N., Kato, T., & Kasahara, T. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-01988-2 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationAlbiñana, C., Zhu, Z., Borbye‐Lorenzen, N., Boelt, S. G., Cohen, A. S., Skogstrand, K., Wray, N. R., Revez, J. A., Privé, F., Petersen, L. V., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36392-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“All the relevant GWAS summary statistics are publicly available (schizophrenia 101 , major depression 102 , bipolar disorder 103 , autism spectrum disorder 104 , attention de fi cit hyperactivity disorder 105 , Alz-heimer ’ s disease 106 , educational attainment 107 , multiple sclerosis 108 ,…”
Self-citationGrotzinger, A. D., Mallard, T. T., Liu, Z., Seidlitz, J., Ge, T., & Smoller, J. W. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36605-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Discoveries and Directions
Arpana Agrawal, A., Bulik, C. M., Abebe, D., Andreassen, O. A., Atkinson, E. G., Choi, K. W., Corvin, A. P., Davies, H. L., Davis, L. K., Docherty, A. R., et al. (2025) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(25)00124-5 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationWainberg, M., Jacobs, G. R., Voineskos, A. N., & Tripathy, S. J. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01522-w · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“edu/pgc/download-results) for major depression [29], bipolar disorder [30], schizophrenia [31], attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [32] and anorexia nervosa [33].”
BackgroundCausal influences of neuropsychiatric disorders on Alzheimer’s disease
Baranova, A. V., Zhao, Q., Cao, H., Chandhoke, V., & Zhang, F. (2024) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-024-02822-1 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“…alcohol dependence [16], amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [17], anorexia nervosa [18], anxiety disorder [19], autism spectrum disorder [20], BD [21], epilepsy [22], insomnia [23], major depressive disorder (MDD) [24], migraine [25], multiple sclerosis (MS) [26], obsessive-compulsive disorder…”
Background
- Authors
- Mullins, N., Forstner, A. J., O’Connell, K. S., Coombes, B., Coleman, J. R. I., Qiao, Z., Als, T. D., Bigdeli, T. B., Børte, S., Bryois, J., Charney, A. W., Drange, O. K., Gandal, M. J., Hagenaars, S. P., Ikeda, M., Kamitaki, N., Kim, M., Krebs, K., Panagiotaropoulou, G., Schilder, B. M., Sloofman, L. G., Steinberg, S., Trubetskoy, V., Winsvold, B. S., Won, H.-H., Abramova, L., Adorjan, K., Agerbo, E., Al Eissa, M., Albani, D., Alliey-Rodriguez, N., Anjorin, A., Antilla, V., Antoniou, A., Awasthi, S., Baek, J. H., Bækvad-Hansen, M., Bass, N., Bauer, M., Beins, E. C., Bergen, S. E., Birner, A., Bøcker Pedersen, C., Bøen, E., Boks, M. P., Bosch, R., Brum, M., Brumpton, B. M., Brunkhorst-Kanaan, N., Budde, M., Bybjerg-Grauholm, J., Byerley, W., Cairns, M., Casas, M., Cervantes, P., Clarke, T.-K., Cruceanu, C., Cuellar-Barboza, A., Cunningham, J., Curtis, D., Czerski, P. M., Dale, A. M., Dalkner, N., David, F. S., Degenhardt, F., Djurovic, S., Dobbyn, A. L., Douzenis, A., Elvsåshagen, T., Escott-Price, V., Ferrier, I. N., Fiorentino, A., Foroud, T. M., Forty, L., Frank, J., Frei, O., Freimer, N. B., Frisén, L., Gade, K., Garnham, J., Gelernter, J., Giørtz Pedersen, M., Gizer, I. R., Gordon, S. D., Gordon-Smith, K., Greenwood, T. A., Grove, J., Guzman-Parra, J., Ha, K., Haraldsson, M., Hautzinger, M., Heilbronner, U., Hellgren, D., Herms, S., Hoffmann, P., Holmans, P. A., Huckins, L., Jamain, S., Johnson, J. S., Kalman, J. L., Kamatani, Y., Kennedy, J. L., Kittel-Schneider, S., Knowles, J. A., Kogevinas, M., Koromina, M., Kranz, T. M., Kranzler, H. R., Kubo, M., Kupka, R., Kushner, S. A., Lavebratt, C., Lawrence, J., Leber, M., Lee, H.-J., Lee, P. H., Levy, S. E., Lewis, C., Liao, C., Lucae, S., Lundberg, M., MacIntyre, D. J., Magnusson, S. H., Maier, W., Maihofer, A., Malaspina, D., Maratou, E., Martinsson, L., Mattheisen, M., McCarroll, S. A., McGregor, N. W., McGuffin, P., McKay, J. D., Medeiros, H., Medland, S. E., Millischer, V., Montgomery, G. W., Moran, J. L., Morris, D. W., Mühleisen, T. W., O’Brien, N., O’Donovan, C., Olde Loohuis, L. M., Oruc, L., Papiol, S., Pardiñas, A. F., Perry, A., Pfennig, A., Porichi, E., Potash, J. B., Quested, D., Raj, T., Rapaport, M. H., DePaulo, J. R., Regeer, E. J., Rice, J. P., Rivas, F., Rivera, M., Roth, J., Roussos, P., Ruderfer, D. M., Sánchez-Mora, C., Schulte, E. C., Senner, F., Sharp, S., Shilling, P. D., Sigurdsson, E., Sirignano, L., Slaney, C., Smeland, O. B., Smith, D. J., Sobell, J. L., Søholm Hansen, C., Soler Artigas, M., Spijker, A. T., Stein, D. J., Strauss, J. S., Świątkowska, B., Terao, C., Thorgeirsson, T. E., Toma, C., Tooney, P., Tsermpini, E.-E., Vawter, M. P., Vedder, H., Walters, J. T. R., Witt, S. H., Xi, S., Xu, W., Yang, J. M. K., Young, A. H., Young, H., Zandi, P. P., Zhou, H., Zillich, L., Psychiatry, H. A.-I., Adolfsson, R., Agartz, I., Alda, M., Alfredsson, L., Babadjanova, G., Backlund, L., Baune, B. T., Bellivier, F., Bengesser, S., Berrettini, W. H., Blackwood, D. H. R., Boehnke, M., Børglum, A. D., Breen, G., Carr, V. J., Catts, S., Corvin, A., Craddock, N., Dannlowski, U., Dikeos, D., Esko, T., Etain, B., Ferentinos, P., Frye, M., Fullerton, J. M., Gawlik, M., Gershon, E. S., Goes, F. S., Green, M. J., Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M., Hauser, J., Henskens, F., Hillert, J., Hong, K. S., Hougaard, D. M., Hultman, C. M., Hveem, K., Iwata, N., Jablensky, A. V., Jones, I., Jones, L. A., Kahn, R. S., Kelsoe, J. R., Kirov, G., Landén, M., Leboyer, M., Lewis, C. M., Li, Q. S., Lissowska, J., Lochner, C., Loughland, C., Martin, N. G., Mathews, C. A., Mayoral, F., McElroy, S. L., McIntosh, A. M., McMahon, F. J., Melle, I., Michie, P., Milani, L., Mitchell, P. B., Morken, G., Mors, O., Mortensen, P. B., Mowry, B., Müller-Myhsok, B., Myers, R. M., Neale, B. M., Nievergelt, C. M., Nordentoft, M., Nöthen, M. M., O’Donovan, M. C., Oedegaard, K. J., Olsson, T., Owen, M. J., Paciga, S. A., Pantelis, C., Pato, C., Pato, M. T., Patrinos, G. P., Perlis, R. H., Posthuma, D., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Reif, A., Reininghaus, E. Z., Ribasés, M., Rietschel, M., Ripke, S., Rouleau, G. A., Saito, T., Schall, U., Schalling, M., Schofield, P. R., Schulze, T. G., Scott, L. J., Scott, R. J., Serretti, A., Shannon Weickert, C., Smoller, J. W., Stefansson, H., Stefansson, K., Stordal, E., Streit, F., Sullivan, P. F., Turecki, G., Vaaler, A. E., Vieta, E., Vincent, J. B., Waldman, I. D., Weickert, T. W., Werge, T., Wray, N. R., Zwart, J.-A., Biernacka, J. M., Nurnberger, J. I., Cichon, S., Edenberg, H. J., Stahl, E. A., McQuillin, A., Di Florio, A., Ophoff, R. A., & Andreassen, O. A.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- King's College London (GB)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Fujita Health University (JP)
- Broad Institute (US)
- University of Tartu (EE)
- Stiftung Charité (DE)
- deCODE Genetics (Iceland) (IS)
- Samsung (South Korea) (KR)
- Mental Health Research Center of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RU)
- Institut für Psychiatrische Phänomik und Genomik (DE)
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research (IT)
- Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Samsung Medical Center (KR)
- University College London (GB)
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus (DE)
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital (NO)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- University Hospital Frankfurt (DE)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- McGill University Health Centre (CA)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PL)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Newcastle University (GB)
- Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE)
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- National University Hospital of Iceland (IS)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Inserm (FR)
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (JP)
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ES)
- University of Patras (GR)
- Philadelphia VA Medical Center (US)
- GGZ inGeest (NL)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- North East London NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- University Hospital Cologne (DE)
- Korea University (KR)
- Harvard University (US)
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (US)
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
- Stellenbosch University (ZA)
- Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (FR)
- Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway (IE)
- Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- University of Worcester (GB)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Emory University (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (ES)
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (DE)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- PsyQ (NL)
- South African Medical Research Council (ZA)
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (PL)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- National Health Service (GB)
- Umeå University (SE)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Statens Serum Institut (DK)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology (PL)
- University of Florida (US)
- Lindner Center of HOPE (US)
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- Pfizer (United States) (US)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Neuroscience Research Australia (AU)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- St Olav's University Hospital (NO)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (ES)
- SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mullins, Niamh
- Andreassen, Ole A.
- ORCID
- Mullins, Niamh
- Forstner, Andreas J.
- O’Connell, Kevin S.
- Coombes, Brandon
- Coleman, Jonathan R. I.
- Qiao, Zhen
- Als, Thomas D.
- Bigdeli, Tim B.
- Børte, Sigrid
- Bryois, Julien
- Charney, Alexander W.
- Drange, Ole Kristian
- Gandal, Michael J.
- Hagenaars, Saskia P.
- Ikeda, Masashi
- Kamitaki, Nolan
- Kim, Minsoo
- Krebs, Kristi
- Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia
- Schilder, Brian M.
- Sloofman, Laura G.
- Steinberg, Stacy
- Trubetskoy, Vassily
- Winsvold, Bendik S.
- Won, Hong-Hee
- Adorjan, Kristina
- Agerbo, Esben
- Albani, Diego
- Antoniou, Anastasia
- Awasthi, Swapnil
- Baek, Ji Hyun
- Bass, Nicholas
- Bauer, Michael
- Beins, Eva C.
- Bergen, Sarah E.
- Birner, Armin
- Bøen, Erlend
- Boks, Marco P.
- Bosch, Rosa
- Brumpton, Ben M.
- Budde, Monika
- Byerley, William
- Cairns, Murray
- Cervantes, Pablo
- Clarke, Toni-Kim
- Cruceanu, Cristiana
- Cunningham, Julie
- Curtis, David
- Czerski, Piotr M.
- Dale, Anders M.
- Dalkner, Nina
- David, Friederike S.
- Degenhardt, Franziska
- Djurovic, Srdjan
- Dobbyn, Amanda L.
- Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn
- Ferrier, I. Nicol
- Fiorentino, Alessia
- Foroud, Tatiana M.
- Forty, Liz
- Frank, Josef
- Frei, Oleksandr
- Freimer, Nelson B.
- Frisén, Louise
- Gade, Katrin
- Garnham, Julie
- Gelernter, Joel
- Gizer, Ian R.
- Gordon, Scott D.
- Greenwood, Tiffany A.
- Grove, Jakob
- Ha, Kyooseob
- Haraldsson, Magnus
- Hautzinger, Martin
- Heilbronner, Urs
- Herms, Stefan
- Hoffmann, Per
- Holmans, Peter A.
- Huckins, Laura
- Jamain, Stéphane
- Johnson, Jessica S.
- Kalman, Janos L.
- Kennedy, James L.
- Knowles, James A.
- Kogevinas, Manolis
- Koromina, Maria
- Kranz, Thorsten M.
- Kranzler, Henry R.
- Kubo, Michiaki
- Kupka, Ralph
- Kushner, Steven A.
- Lavebratt, Catharina
- Lawrence, Jacob
- Leber, Markus
- Lee, Heon-Jeong
- Lee, Phil H.
- Levy, Shawn E.
- Liao, Calwing
- Lucae, Susanne
- MacIntyre, Donald J.
- Maihofer, Adam
- Malaspina, Dolores
- Maratou, Eirini
- Martinsson, Lina
- Mattheisen, Manuel
- McCarroll, Steven A.
- McGregor, Nathaniel W.
- McKay, James D.
- Medeiros, Helena
- Medland, Sarah E.
- Millischer, Vincent
- Montgomery, Grant W.
- Moran, Jennifer L.
- Morris, Derek W.
- Mühleisen, Thomas W.
- O’Brien, Niamh
- O’Donovan, Claire
- Papiol, Sergi
- Pardiñas, Antonio F.
- Perry, Amy
- Pfennig, Andrea
- Potash, James B.
- Quested, Digby
- Raj, Towfique
- Rapaport, Mark H.
- DePaulo, J. Raymond
- Regeer, Eline J.
- Rice, John P.
- Rivera, Margarita
- Roth, Julian
- Roussos, Panos
- Ruderfer, Douglas M.
- Schulte, Eva C.
- Senner, Fanny
- Sharp, Sally
- Shilling, Paul D.
- Sirignano, Lea
- Slaney, Claire
- Smeland, Olav B.
- Sobell, Janet L.
- Stein, Dan J.
- Świątkowska, Beata
- Terao, Chikashi
- Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E.
- Tooney, Paul
- Tsermpini, Evangelia-Eirini
- Vawter, Marquis P.
- Vedder, Helmut
- Walters, James T. R.
- Witt, Stephanie H.
- Xu, Wei
- Yang, Jessica Mei Kay
- Young, Allan H.
- Young, Hannah
- Zandi, Peter P.
- Zhou, Hang
- Zillich, Lea
- Adolfsson, Rolf
- Agartz, Ingrid
- Alda, Martin
- Alfredsson, Lars
- Backlund, Lena
- Baune, Bernhard T.
- Bellivier, Frank
- Bengesser, Susanne
- Berrettini, Wade H.
- Blackwood, Douglas H. R.
- Boehnke, Michael
- Børglum, Anders D.
- Breen, Gerome
- Carr, Vaughan J.
- Catts, Stanley
- Corvin, Aiden
- Dannlowski, Udo
- Dikeos, Dimitris
- Esko, Tõnu
- Ferentinos, Panagiotis
- Frye, Mark
- Fullerton, Janice M.
- Gawlik, Micha
- Gershon, Elliot S.
- Goes, Fernando S.
- Green, Melissa J.
- Hauser, Joanna
- Hillert, Jan
- Hong, Kyung Sue
- Hougaard, David M.
- Hultman, Christina M.
- Hveem, Kristian
- Iwata, Nakao
- Jablensky, Assen V.
- Jones, Ian
- Jones, Lisa A.
- Kahn, René S.
- Kelsoe, John R.
- Kirov, George
- Landén, Mikael
- Leboyer, Marion
- Lewis, Cathryn M.
- Li, Qingqin S.
- Lissowska, Jolanta
- Loughland, Carmel
- Martin, Nicholas G.
- Mathews, Carol A.
- McElroy, Susan L.
- McIntosh, Andrew M.
- McMahon, Francis J.
- Melle, Ingrid
- Michie, Patricia
- Milani, Lili
- Mitchell, Philip B.
- Morken, Gunnar
- Mors, Ole
- Mortensen, Preben Bo
- Mowry, Bryan
- Myers, Richard M.
- Neale, Benjamin M.
- Nievergelt, Caroline M.
- Nordentoft, Merete
- Nöthen, Markus M.
- O’Donovan, Michael C.
- Oedegaard, Ketil J.
- Olsson, Tomas
- Owen, Michael J.
- Paciga, Sara A.
- Pato, Carlos
- Pato, Michele T.
- Patrinos, George P.
- Perlis, Roy H.
- Reif, Andreas
- Reininghaus, Eva Z.
- Ribasés, Marta
- Rietschel, Marcella
- Ripke, Stephan
- Rouleau, Guy A.
- Saito, Takeo
- Schall, Ulrich
- Schalling, Martin
- Schofield, Peter R.
- Schulze, Thomas G.
- Scott, Laura J.
- Scott, Rodney J.
- Serretti, Alessandro
- Smoller, Jordan W.
- Stordal, Eystein
- Streit, Fabian
- Sullivan, Patrick F.
- Turecki, Gustavo
- Vieta, Eduard
- Vincent, John B.
- Waldman, Irwin D.
- Weickert, Thomas W.
- Werge, Thomas
- Wray, Naomi R.
- Zwart, John-Anker
- Biernacka, Joanna M.
- Cichon, Sven
- Edenberg, Howard J.
- Stahl, Eli A.
- McQuillin, Andrew
- Ophoff, Roel A.
- Andreassen, Ole A.
- Venue
- Nature Genetics
- Published
- 2021-05-17
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 817-829
- ISSN
- 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1718
- PMC
- PMC8192451
- OpenAlex
- W3162259891
- Cited by
- 1,517
- References
- 129
- Citations by year
- 2026: 232 · 2025: 369 · 2024: 387 · 2023: 255 · 2022: 204 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 41.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Genetics (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (acceptedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ScholarWorks @ UTRGV (The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Worcester Research and Publications (University of Worcester) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Open access LMU (Ludwid Maxmilian's Universitat Munchen) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion)
- Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion)
- Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (U01 MH109528, U01 MH094421, U01 MH085520)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- bipolar disorder, genome-wide association study, genetic susceptibility loci, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, expression quantitative trait loci, melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1, furin, bipolar disorder subtypes, genetic correlation, drug repurposing, European ancestry
- MeSH terms
- Bipolar Disorder, Chromosomes, Human, Humans, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Phenotype, Risk Factors, Genome, Human, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Multifactorial Inheritance, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study
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