The subjective and cognitive effects of acute phenylalanine and tyrosine depletion in patients recovered from depression
Open accessAbstract
Although there is evidence for the involvement of dopamine (DA) in unipolar depression, no published study has yet used the technique of acute phenylalanine and tyrosine depletion (APTD), a dietary intervention that selectively lowers DA synthesis, in order to investigate the role of DA in mood disturbance. Tyrosine and phenylalanine depleted and placebo amino acid drinks were administered to 20 patients recovered from depression in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Measures included subjective effects, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores, and a comprehensive battery of well-validated computerized cognitive tests. APTD induced a substantial reduction in the ratio of plasma tyrosine and phenylalanine to large neutral amino acids. However, relapse of depressive symptoms was not seen. Although performance on most cognitive tests was unaffected, there was a selective effect on decision-making, with APTD causing participants to bet significantly less. In conclusion, These results suggest a specific role for the involvement of DA in reward/punishment processing in humans. While APTD did not induce relapse in any participant, it did cause patients recovered from depression to show lowered sensitivity to reward in a gambling game. It is hypothesized that tests involving reward/punishment processing are preferentially affected by DA depletion, and that a more complete account of depression is likely to result from considering the roles played by serotonin, noradrenaline, and DA in mediating the various cognitive and clinical symptoms, including anhedonia.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Tyrosine depletion experiments suggest that acute reductions in brain catecholamine levels lead people to behave in a less motivated way or to develop cognitive impairments.
“In line with this, tyrosine depletion experiments, in which participants consume an amino acid mixture devoid of tyrosine and its precursor, phenylalanine, suggest that acute reductions in brain catecholamine levels lead people to behave in a less motivated way (McLean et al., 2004;Roiser et al., 2005;Cawley et al., 2013) or develop cognitive impairments (Harmer et al., 2001).”
From Behavioral and cognitive effects of tyrosine intake in healthy human adults (2015) · cites this paper as Roiser et al., 2005
The Discussion reports that acute phenylalanine and tyrosine depletion made patients recovered from depression bet less, possibly because they were less sensitive to reward. This supports the suggested motivation-related effect, but the study tested that specific patient group rather than people generally. The cognitive-impairment clause is attributed to Harmer et al., not Roiser et al. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817 · see citing works
Statistical Methods for Psychology.
Gudgeon, A. C., & Howell, D. C. (1994) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D (The Statistician) · doi:10.2307/2348956 · Cited by 8,364 · see citing works
Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress
Bloom, F. E., & Kupfer, D. J. (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,985 · see citing works
The use of analogue scales in rating subjective feelings
BOND, A., & LADER, M. (1974) · British Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1974.tb02285.x · Cited by 1,972 · see citing works
Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress
Green, A. I. (1996) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.47.3.312 · Cited by 1,151 · see citing works
Rogers, R. (1999) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00091-8 · Cited by 1,101 · see citing works
Emotional bias and inhibitory control processes in mania and depression
MURPHY, F. C., SAHAKIAN, B. J., RUBINSZTEIN, J. S., MICHAEL, A., ROGERS, R. D., ROBBINS, T. W., & PAYKEL, E. S. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799001233 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Self-citationSustained attention deficit in bipolar disorder
Clark, L., Iversen, S. D., & Goodwin, G. M. (2002) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.180.4.313 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Chemical neuromodulation of frontal-executive functions in humans and other animals
Robbins, T. W. (2000) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s002210000407 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Brown, A. S., & Gershon, S. (1993) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/bf01245227 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Decision-making cognition in mania and depression
MURPHY, F. C., RUBINSZTEIN, J. S., MICHAEL, A., ROGERS, R. D., ROBBINS, T. W., PAYKEL, E. S., & SAHAKIAN, B. J. (2001) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291701003804 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Self-citationELLIOTT, R., BAKER, S. C., ROGERS, R. D., O'LEARY, D. A., PAYKEL, E. S., FRITH, C. D., DOLAN, R. J., & SAHAKIAN, B. J. (1997) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291797005187 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Self-citationMURPHY, F. C., MICHAEL, A., ROBBINS, T. W., & SAHAKIAN, B. J. (2003) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291702007018 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Self-citationTryptophan depletion and its implications for psychiatry
Bell, C., Abrams, J. K., & Nutt, D. (2001) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.178.5.399 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Elliott, R., Sahakian, B. J., Herrod, J. J., Robbins, T. W., & Paykel, E. S. (1997) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.63.1.74 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Self-citationFürst, P., Pollack, L., Graser, T. A., Godel, H. G., & Stehle, P. (1990) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)97000-6 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Monoamine depletion in psychiatric and healthy populations: review
Booij, L., van der Does, A., & Riedel, W. (2003) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001423 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
The effects of tryptophan depletion on cognitive and affective processing in healthy volunteers
Murphy, F., Smith, K., Cowen, P., Robbins, T., & Sahakian, B. (2002) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1128-9 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of the brain reward system in depression
Naranjo, C. A., Tremblay, L. K., & Busto, U. E. (2001) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00156-7 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Mehta, M. A., Sahakian, B. J., McKenna, P. J., & Robbins, T. W. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130051102 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citationMartinot, M.-L. P., Bragulat, V., Artiges, E., Dollé, F., Hinnen, F., Jouvent, R., & Martinot, J.-L. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.2.314 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Miller, H. L. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830020031005 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Dopamine D2 receptors in depression measured with single photon emission computed tomography
D'haenen, H. A., & Bossuyt, A. (1994) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)91202-5 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Predictors of Mood Response to Acute Tryptophan Depletion A Reanalysis
Booij, L. (2002) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(02)00361-5 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Clinical and psychometric correlates of dopamine D<sub>2</sub> binding in depression
SHAH, P. J., OGILVIE, A. D., GOODWIN, G. M., & EBMEIER, K. P. (1997) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291797005382 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationPost, R. M. (1978) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770290091008 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Tyrosine depletion attenuates dopamine function in healthy volunteers
Harmer, C. J., McTavish, S. F. B., Clark, L., Goodwin, G. M., & Cowen, P. J. (2001) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130000613 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Effect of a tyrosine-free amino acid mixture on regional brain catecholamine synthesis and release
McTavish, S. F. B., Cowen, P. J., & Sharp, T. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050823 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
McTavish, S. F. B., McPherson, M. H., Harmer, C. J., Clark, L., Sharp, T., Goodwin, G. M., & Cowen, P. J. (2001) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.4.356 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Long‐term behavioral and neurochemical effects of chronic stress exposure in rats
Mangiavacchi, S., Masi, F., Scheggi, S., Leggio, B., De Montis, M. G., & Gambarana, C. (2001) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00665.x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Dopamine D2 receptor availability and amphetamine-induced dopamine release in unipolar depression
Parsey, R. V., Oquendo, M. A., Zea-Ponce, Y., Rodenhiser, J., Kegeles, L. S., Pratap, M., Cooper, T. B., Van Heertum, R., Mann, J. J., & Laruelle, M. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01089-7 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Ebert, D., Loew, T. H., Feistel, H., & Pirner, A. (1996) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02246416 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Gambarana, C., Masi, F., Tagliamonte, A., Scheggi, S., Ghiglieri, O., & Montis, M. G. D. (1999) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722039.x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Klimke, A. (1999) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(99)00009-8 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
The effects of tyrosine depletion in normal healthy volunteers: implications for unipolar depression
McLean, A., Rubinsztein, J. S., Robbins, T. W., & Sahakian, B. J. (2004) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1586-8 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationRegional Brain Metabolic Correlates of α-Methylparatyrosine–Induced Depressive Symptoms
Bremner, J. D., Vythilingam, M., Ng, C. K., Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M., Nazeer, A., Oren, D. A., Berman, R., & Charney, D. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.23.3125 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Transient Depressive Relapse Induced by Catecholamine Depletion
Berman, R., Narasimhan, M., Miller, H., Anand, A., Cappiello, A., Oren, D. A., Heninger, G. R., & Charney, D. S. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.5.395 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Montgomery, A. J., McTavish, S. F. B., Cowen, P. J., & Grasby, P. M. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1887 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
CSF amine metabolites in depression
Reddy, P. L., Khanna, S., Subhash, M. N., Channabasavanna, S. M., & Rao, B. S. S. R. (1992) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90198-9 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Reduced dopamine turnover in the basal ganglia of depressed suicides
Bowden, C., Cheetham, S. C., Lowther, S., Katona, C., Crompton, M. R., & Horton, R. W. (1997) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00692-6 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Leyton, M., Dagher, A., Boileau, I., Casey, K., Baker, G. B., Diksic, M., Gunn, R., Young, S. N., & Benkelfat, C. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300328 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Bromocriptine and imipramine in endogenous depression
Wæhrens, J., & Gerlach, J. (1981) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(81)90044-6 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Dopamine D1 and D2 receptor binding sites in brain samples from depressed suicides and controls
Bowden, C., Theodorou, A. E., Cheetham, S. C., Lowther, S., Katona, C., Crompton, M. R., & Horton, R. W. (1997) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01460-6 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Palmour, R. M., Ervin, F. R., Baker, G. B., & Young, S. N. (1998) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050532 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Wolfe, N., Katz, D. I., Albert, M. L., Almozlino, A., Durso, R., Smith, M. C., & Volicer, L. (1990) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.53.10.915 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Biggio, G., Porceddu, M. L., & Gessa, G. L. (1976) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb07014.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Use of a dietary manipulation to deplete plasma tyrosine and phenylalanine in healthy subjects
Sheehan, B. D., Tharyan, P., McTavish, S. F. B., Campling, G. M., & Cowen, P. J. (1996) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988119601000309 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
McTavish, S. F. B., Callado, L. F., Cowen, P. J., & Sharp, T. (1999) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988119901300408 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Monoamine depletion in unmedicated depressed subjects
Berman, R., Sanacora, G., Anand, A., Roach, L. M., Fasula, M. K., Finkelstein, C. O., Wachen, R. M., Oren, D. A., Heninger, G. R., & Charney, D. S. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01285-9 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Miller, R. J. (1993) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60571-1 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Caudate Nucleus Dopamine D2 Receptors in Depressed Suicide Victims
Allard, P. O., & Norlén, M. (2001) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000054918 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Chamberlain SR Sahakian BJ Cognition in Depression and Mania, Solvay Cognition Conference IOP Press: London 2004
- Spitzer MB Gibbon M Williams JBW Stuctured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-I/P) 2002 Biometrics Research, New York State Biometrics Institute New York
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression
Dunlop, B. W., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.3.327 · Cited by 1,244 · see citing works
Depression, Stress, and Anhedonia: Toward a Synthesis and Integrated Model
Pizzagalli, D. A. (2014) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185606 · Cited by 1,155 · see citing works
Ruhé, H. G., Mason, N. S., & Schene, A. H. (2007) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001949 · Cited by 861 · see citing works
Neuroscience of apathy and anhedonia: a transdiagnostic approach
Husain, M., & Roiser, J. P. (2018) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0029-9 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Self-citationReward and Punishment Processing in Depression
Eshel, N., & Roiser, J. P. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.027 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Self-citationMillan, M. J. (2006) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.11.006 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Dopamine, serotonin and impulsivity
Dalley, J. W., & Roiser, J. P. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.03.065 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Self-citationHot and cold cognition in depression
Roiser, J. P., & Sahakian, B. J. (2013) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852913000072 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Self-citationCortico-limbic-striatal circuits subserving different forms of cost-benefit decision making
Floresco, S. B., Onge, J. R. S., Ghods-Sharifi, S., & Winstanley, C. A. (2008) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.8.4.375 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
The Role of Amino Acids in Neurotransmission and Fluorescent Tools for Their Detection
Dalangin, R., Kim, A., & Campbell, R. E. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21176197 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Is obsessive-compulsive disorder an anxiety disorder?
Bartz, J. A., & Hollander, E. (2006) · Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.11.003 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Relevance of Norepinephrine–Dopamine Interactions in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
Mansari, M. E., Guiard, B. P., Chernoloz, O., Ghanbari, R., Katz, N., & Blier, P. (2010) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00146.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The role of mitochondria in mood disorders: from physiology to pathophysiology and to treatment
Giménez-Palomo, A., Dodd, S., Anmella, G., Carvalho, A. F., Scaini, G., Quevedo, J., Pacchiarotti, I., Vieta, E., & Berk, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.546801 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Conditioned and sensitized responses to stimulant drugs in humans
Leyton, M. (2007) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.08.027 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ortega, M. A., Álvarez-Mon, M. Á., Montero, C. G., Fraile‐Μartinez, O., Guijarro, L. G., Lahera, G., Monserrat, J., Valls, P., Mora, F., Rodríguez–Jiménez, R., et al. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12010050 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Differential effects of dopaminergic manipulations on risky choice
Onge, J. R. S., Chiu, Y. C., & Floresco, S. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1883-y · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Leyton, M., Rot, M. A. H., Booij, L., Baker, G. B., Young, S. N., & Benkelfat, C. (2007) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0713 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Metabolomic changes in animal models of depression: a systematic analysis
Pu, J., Liu, Y., Gui, S., Tian, L., Yu, Y., Song, X., Zhong, X., Chen, X., Chen, W., Zheng, P., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01269-w · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The role of dopamine in alcohol self-administration in humans: individual differences
Barrett, S. P., Pihl, R. O., Benkelfat, C., Brunelle, C., Young, S. N., & Leyton, M. (2008) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2008.01.008 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Behavioral and cognitive effects of tyrosine intake in healthy human adults
Hase, A., Jung, S. E., & aan het Rot, M. (2015) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2015.03.008 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Sarris, J. J., Kavanagh, D. J., & Byrne, G. J. (2009) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.06.003 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The pharmacological properties of antidepressants
Racagni, G., & Popoli, M. (2010) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0b013e3283311acd · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Sarris, J. J., Mischoulon, D., & Schweitzer, I. (2011) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00945.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Zhou, X., Yang, L., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., Pu, J., Liu, L., Gui, S., Zeng, L., Chen, J., et al. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176725 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Cawley, E., Park, S., aan het Rot, M., Sancton, K., Benkelfat, C., Young, S., Boivin, D., & Leyton, M. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.120181 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Gopin, C. B., Burdick, K. E., DeRosse, P., Goldberg, T. E., & Malhotra, A. K. (2011) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00906.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Lack of effect of acute dopamine precursor depletion in nicotine-dependent smokers
Casey, K. F., Benkelfat, C., Young, S. N., & Leyton, M. (2006) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2006.02.002 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Tian, J., Peng, G.-J., Wu, Y., Zhou, J., Xiang, H., Gao, X., Zhou, Y., Qin, X., & Du, G. (2015) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.026 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Robinson, O. J., Standing, H. R., DeVito, E. E., Cools, R., & Sahakian, B. J. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1880-1 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationCostello, H., Berry, A., Reeves, S., Weil, R., Joyce, E., Howard, R., & Roiser, J. (2021) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2021-327762 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationChan, S. Y., Probert, F., Radford‐Smith, D. E., Hebert, J. C., Claridge, T. D. W., Anthony, D. C., & Burnet, P. W. J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74008-w · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Affective Biases in Humans and Animals
Robinson, E. S. J., & Roiser, J. P. (2015) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2015_5011 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, Z., Li, X., Li, J., Pan, Y., Zhuang, Z., Zhang, X., Chen, C., Liu, Y., Zhang, L., Luo, Y., et al. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164017 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
O'Hara, C., Keyes, A., Renwick, B., Leyton, M., Campbell, I. C., & Schmidt, U. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145894 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Tian, J., Xia, X.-T., Wu, Y., Zhao, L., Xiang, H., Du, G., Zhang, X., & Qin, X. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep33820 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Bonetto, M. C., Muñoz, F. F., Diz, V. E., Sacco, N. J., & Cortón, E. (2018) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.179 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Sex-Specific Urinary Biomarkers for Diagnosing Bipolar Disorder
Chen, J., Huang, H., Zhao, L., Zhou, D.-Z., Yang, Y., Zheng, P., Yang, D., He, P., Zhou, J., Fang, L., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115221 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Marcolini, F., Ravaglia, A., Valenta, S. T., Bosco, G., Marconi, G., Ronchi, D. D., & Atti, A. R. (2024) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-024-01006-y · Cited by 29 · see citing works
O'Hara, C., Keyes, A., Renwick, B., Giel, K. E., Campbell, I. C., & Schmidt, U. H. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165104 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Munafó, M. R., Mannie, Z. N., Cowen, P. J., Harmer, C. J., & McTavish, S. B. (2007) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881107077216 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Catecholaminergic modulation of indices of cognitive flexibility: A pharmaco-tDCS study
Dennison, O., Gao, J., Lim, L. W., Stagg, C. J., & Aquili, L. (2018) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Emotional bias in unaffected siblings of patients with bipolar I disorder
Brand, J. G., Goldberg, T. E., Gunawardane, N., Gopin, C. B., Powers, R. L., Malhotra, A. K., & Burdick, K. E. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.025 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Affective Bias and Response Modulation Following Tyrosine Depletion in Healthy Adults
Vrshek‐Schallhorn, S., Wahlstrom, D., Benolkin, K., White, T. J. H., & Luciana, M. M. (2006) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301172 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Characterizing metabolomic and proteomic changes in depression: a systematic analysis
Pu, J., Liu, Y., Wu, H., Liu, C., Chen, Y., Tang, W., Yu, Y., Gui, S., Zhong, X., Wang, D., et al. (2025) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-025-02919-z · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Sun, D., Yang, N., Zhang, Q., Wang, Z., Luo, G., & Pang, J. (2021) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112859 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Plasma amino acid levels discriminate between control subjects and mildly depressed elderly women.
Mayoral-Mariles, A., Cruz-Revilla, C., Vega-Manríquez, X., Aguirre-Hernández, R., Severiano-Pérez, P., Aburto-Arciniega, E., Jiménez-Mendoza, A., & Guevara-Guzmán, R. (2012) · Archives of Medical Research · doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.07.006 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Ellis, K. A., Mehta, M. A., Wesnes, K. A., Armstrong, S. M., & Nathan, P. J. (2005) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0019-2 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Linssen, A. M. W., Riedel, W. J., & Sambeth, A. (2009) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881109348160 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Jiang, Y., Qin, M., Teng, T., Li, X., Yu, Y., Wang, J., Wu, H., He, Y., Zhou, X., & Xie, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.929207 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Mathar, D., Abdoust, M. E., Marrenbach, T., Tuzsus, D., & Peters, J. (2022) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010785 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Mihaela, M., Şunel, V., Holban, M. N., Popa, M., Desbrières, J., Peptu, C., & Lionte, C. (2012) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-012-6719-1 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Ellis, K. A., Mehta, M. A., Murthy, P. J. N. V., McTavish, S. F. B., Nathan, P. J., & Grasby, P. M. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20339 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Plasma metabolomic profiling of repeated restraint stress in rats
Chen, D., Lu, D.-C., Wang, W., Chen, W., Zhang, S., & Wei, S. (2020) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122294 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Tyrosine availability modulates potassium-induced striatal catecholamine efflux in vivo
Jaskiw, G. E., Newbould, E., & Bongiovanni, R. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.050 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Chamberlain, S. R., & Grant, J. E. (2019) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-019-09400-z · Cited by 12 · see citing works
A Preclinical Study of Casein Glycomacropeptide as a Dietary Intervention for Acute Mania
Liebenberg, N., Jensen, E., Larsen, E. R., Kousholt, B. S., Pereira, V. S., Fischer, C. W., & Wegener, G. (2018) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyy012 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Tyrosine intake and cardiovascular responses in a motivated performance situation.
Hase, A., Gorrie-Stone, T. J., & Freeman, P. B. (2018) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/spy0000144 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Tavakkoli-Kakhki, M., Eslami, S., & Motavasselian, M. (2015) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Yu, X., Luo, J., Chen, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, R., Hu, Q., Qiao, S., & Li, L. (2015) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c5ra10668k · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Grebinişan, D., Holban, M. N., Lionte, C., Peptu, C., Şunel, V., Popa, M., & Desbrières, J. (2013) · Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering · doi:10.1080/03602559.2013.798824 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Qazi, N. (2015) · Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.36721/pjps/28/3/2015/3286/991-995 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Neurochemistry and Psychopharmacology of Anger
Bond, A. J., & Wingrove, J. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89676-2_6 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mansari, M. E., Hamoudeh, R. A., Daniels, S., & Blier, P. (2023) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811231209235 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Tumilty, L., Davison, G., Beckmann, M., & Thatcher, R. (2013) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2577-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Vrshek‐Schallhorn, S., Wahlstrom, D., White, T. J. H., & Luciana, M. M. (2013) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2013.01.013 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Dopamine and light: effects on facial emotion recognition
Cawley, E., Tippler, M., Coupland, N. J., Benkelfat, C., Boivin, D. B., Rot, M. A. H., & Leyton, M. (2017) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881117711707 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Dietary dopamine depletion blunts reward network sensitivity to face trustworthiness
Zebrowitz, L. A., Boshyan, J., Ward, N., Hanlin, L. C., Wolf, J. M., & Hadjikhani, N. K. (2018) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881118758303 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Research progress on antidepressant therapeutic biomarkers of Xiaoyaosan
Tian, J., Qin, X., Gao, Y., Zhao, Y.-X., & Xu, T. (2020) · World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine · doi:10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_16_20 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Challenge Tests of Monoaminergic Systems: Neurophysiological Aspects
Norra, C. (2007) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/155005940703800207 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Platt, M. L., Watson, K. K., Hayden, B. Y., Shepherd, S. V., & Klein, J. T. (2010) · Frontiers in neuroscience · doi:10.1201/9781420007350-c6 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Disrupted microbial cross-feeding and altered L-phenylalanine consumption in people living with HIV
Nguyen, H. D., & Kim, W. (2025) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbaf111 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Plasma Metabolic and Inflammatory Protein Signatures in Psychiatric Disorders
Naifar, M., Ducatez, F., Guidara, W., Maalej, M., Lesueur, C., Pilon, C., Plichet, T., Maalej, M., Ayadi, F., & Bekri, S. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26136260 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Gonçalves, M. M., Pinho, M. S., & Simões, M. R. (2016) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1156745 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Trace Amines and Their Relevance to Neurological Disorders
Farooqui, T., & Farooqui, A. A. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803603-7.00017-3 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Acute Effects of Nicotine on Risky Choice among Non-Smokers
Pilarski, C. R., Skeel, R. L., & Reilly, M. P. (2014) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/s40732-014-0057-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Mathar, D., Abdoust, M. E., Tuszus, D., Marrenbach, T., & Peters, J. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.02.09.479693 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Cheptea, C., Şunel, V., Ardeshir, S. M., Moroșanu, A. C., & Dorohoi, D. O. (2020) · Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals · doi:10.1080/15421406.2020.1731081 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Li, S., Liang, Y., Cai, R., Wan, R., Gao, X., Zhang, C., Yu, X., Yu, S., & Wang, Q. (2024) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.141069 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Che, G., Liu, L., Li, L., Liu, H., Liu, L., Yang, T., Deng, X., Song, N., Zong, H., Yuan, Z., et al. (2025) · Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology · doi:10.1016/j.enceco.2025.09.005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Use of biomarkers in depression diagnostics
Raiker, A., Latayan, J., Pagsuyoin, S. A., & Mathieu, A. (2016) · Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium · doi:10.1109/sieds.2016.7489307 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sudargo, T., Hadi, H., Lestariana, W., & Kumara, A. (2016) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20162071 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cognitive and electrophysiological responses to dopaminergic manipulations
Linssen, A. M. W. (2013) · doi:10.26481/dis.20130118al · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Amino Acids in Pathological Gambling and in its Alleviation: Pharmacological Approaches
Gupta, R. C. (2010) · The Open Addiction Journal · doi:10.2174/1874941001003010009
Balducci, X. L. (2009) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Thurgood, C. (2005) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · doi:10.25916/sut.26261321
Current awareness in human psychopharmacology
(2005) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.638
Li, S., Liang, Y., Cai, R., Wan, R., Gao, X., Zhang, C., Yu, X., Yu, S., & Wang, Q. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4765834
Li, S., Liang, Y., Cai, R., Wan, R., Gao, X., Zhang, C., Yu, X., Yu, S., & Wang, Q. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4832803
Genetics and Biology Behind Anorexia Nervosa
Ceccarini, M. R., Bertelli, M., Codini, M., Ragione, L. D., & Beccari, T. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-32035-4_51-1
Candidate gene studies of suicidal behavior-3: in relation to dopaminergic polymorphisms
Kundu, S. R., & Sarkar, J. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33112-1.00002-1
Genetics and Biology Behind Anorexia Nervosa
Ceccarini, M. R., Bertelli, M., Codini, M., Ragione, L. D., & Beccari, T. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73368-0_51
Mason, A. C., Dale, C. E., Sofat, R., Chaturvedi, N., & Garfield, V. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.07.13.26357918
Dicks, L. M. T., Botha, A., & Pohl‐Albertyn, C. (2026) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2026.2740906
Cognitive impairment: quantification and possibilities for pharmacological treatment
Housden, C. R. (2013) · Apollo (University of Cambridge) · doi:10.17863/cam.16550
- Authors
- Roiser, J. P., McLean, A., Ogilvie, A. D., Blackwell, A. D., Bamber, D. J., Goodyer, I., Jones, P. B., & Sahakian, B. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Warneford Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sahakian, Barbara J
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2005-01-26
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 775-785
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC2631648
- OpenAlex
- W2154517553
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (053642, 019407)
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- dopamine, depression, recovered depression, decision-making, reward processing, punishment processing, gambling behavior, anhedonia, plasma amino acids, cognitive function, relapse
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Decision Making, Depressive Disorder, Dopamine, Double-Blind Method, Female, Food, Formulated, Gambling, Humans, Judgment, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Phenylalanine, Reward, Tyrosine, Cross-Over Studies, Recovery of Function, Amino Acids, Neutral
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
