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Cited by 265Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Marijuana craving in the brain

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Filbey, Francesca M., Schacht, Joseph P., Myers, Ursula S., Chavez, Robert S., Hutchison, Kent E.·2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0903863106PMC PMC2716383
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Abstract

Craving is one of the primary behavioral components of drug addiction, and cue-elicited craving is an especially powerful form of this construct. While cue-elicited craving and its underlying neurobiological mechanisms have been extensively studied with respect to alcohol and other drugs of abuse, the same cannot be said for marijuana. Cue-elicited craving for other drugs of abuse is associated with increased activity in a number of brain areas, particularly the reward pathway. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine cue-elicited craving for marijuana. Thirty-eight regular marijuana users abstained from use for 72 h and were presented with tactile marijuana-related and neutral cues while undergoing a fMRI scan. Several structures in the reward pathway, including the ventral tegmental area, thalamus, anterior cingulate, insula, and amygdala, demonstrated greater blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation in response to the marijuana cue as compared with the neutral cue. These regions underlie motivated behavior and the attribution of incentive salience. Activation of the orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens was also positively correlated with problems related to marijuana use, such that greater BOLD activation was associated with greater number of items on a marijuana problem scale. Thus, cue-elicited craving for marijuana activates the reward neurocircuitry associated with the neuropathology of addiction, and the magnitude of activation of these structures is associated with severity of cannabis-related problems. These findings may inform the development of treatment strategies for cannabis dependence.

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  • Across a range of substance-abuse disorders, there is relatively increased mesolimbic activation in response to drug cues, accompanied by increased states of reward motivation.

    “These studies reflect the overall pattern of data in a range of substance-abuse disorders, which shows relatively increased mesolimbic activation in response to drug cues, accompanied by increased states of reward motivation in response to these cues [148].”

    From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [148]

  • Regular marijuana users who abstained from use for 72 hours show relatively increased reward-circuitry activity, including the VTA, thalamus, ACC, insula, and amygdala, in response to tactile marijuana cues.

    “Finally, Filbey and colleagues [148] showed that regular marijuana users who abstained from use for 72 hours were characterized by relatively increased reward-circuitry activity, including the VTA, thalamus, ACC, insula, and amygdala, in response to tactile marijuana cues.”

    From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [148]

  • Reward-system dysfunction in a given disorder may be contingent on a particular class of stimuli (e.g., addiction cues in substance abuse, food images in eating disorders, sad pictures in unipolar depression).

    “Additionally, there are a number of contexts in which reward-system dysfunction in a given disorder may be contingent on a particular class of stimuli (for example,, addiction cues in substance abuse [148], food images in eating disorders [326], and sad pictures in unipolar depression [232]).”

    From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [148]

  • Abstained cannabis users demonstrated greater activation in response to cannabis cues as compared with neutral cues in several structures in the reward pathway, including the insula, VTA, thalamus, ACC, and amygdala.

    “Abstained cannabis users demonstrated greater activation in response to the cannabis cues as compared with the neutral cues in several structures in the reward pathway, including the insula, VTA, thalamus, ACC, and amygdala (Filbey et al., 2009).”

    From The Insula: A Brain Stimulation Target for the Treatment of Addiction (2019) · cites this paper as Filbey et al., 2009

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Filbey, F. M., Schacht, J. P., Myers, U. S., Chavez, R. S., & Hutchison, K. E.
Affiliations
Mind Research Network (US)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2009-08-04
Volume
106
Issue
31
Pages
13016-13021
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.0903863106
PMC
PMC2716383
OpenAlex
W2087281728
Cited by
265
References
10
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 16
FWCI
11.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01DA021632, F31DA021496)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
cannabis use disorder, reward pathways, ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala, incentive salience, cannabis-related problems
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Marijuana Abuse, Cues, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Oxygen, Reward

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