Neural basis of irony comprehension in children with autism: the role of prosody and context
Open accessAbstract
While individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are typically impaired in interpreting the communicative intent of others, little is known about the neural bases of higher-level pragmatic impairments. Here, we used functional MRI (fMRI) to examine the neural circuitry underlying deficits in understanding irony in high-functioning children with ASD. Participants listened to short scenarios and decided whether the speaker was sincere or ironic. Three types of scenarios were used in which we varied the information available to guide this decision. Scenarios included (i) both knowledge of the event outcome and strong prosodic cues (sincere or sarcastic intonation), (ii) prosodic cues only or (iii) knowledge of the event outcome only. Although children with ASD performed well above chance, they were less accurate than typically developing (TD) children at interpreting the communicative intent behind a potentially ironic remark, particularly with regard to taking advantage of available contextual information. In contrast to prior research showing hypoactivation of regions involved in understanding the mental states of others, children with ASD showed significantly greater activity than TD children in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) as well as in bilateral temporal regions. Increased activity in the ASD group fell within the network recruited in the TD group and may reflect more effortful processing needed to interpret the intended meaning of an utterance. These results confirm that children with ASD have difficulty interpreting the communicative intent of others and suggest that these individuals can recruit regions activated as part of the normative neural circuitry when task demands require explicit attention to socially relevant cues.
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Children with autism spectrum disorder are less accurate in detecting sincerity or irony.
“While children with ASD are less accurate in detecting sincerity or irony”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2006
Children with autism spectrum disorder exhibit greater activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus and many temporal regions bilaterally during sincerity or irony detection.
“they exhibit greater activation of the right IFG, and many temporal regions bilaterally”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2006
This greater activation was interpreted as reflecting additional effort required for individuals with autism spectrum disorder to intuit mental states.
“interpreted as reflecting the additional effort required for individuals with ASD to intuit mental states (Wang et al., 2006).”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2006
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“• Irony Comprehension: Literal or absent understanding might involve STS activation without mPFC coupling on fMRI (Wang et al., 2006), with EEG showing no cross-frequency integration (Murias et al., 2007).”
- Authors
- Wang, A. T., Lee, S. S., Sigman, M., & Dapretto, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, A. Ting
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-02-15
- Volume
- 129
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 932-943
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- PMC
- PMC3713234
- OpenAlex
- W2151929612
- Cited by
- 447
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 8.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Brain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Ahmanson Foundation
- Brain Mapping Support Foundation
- Pierson-Lovelace Foundation
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R03DC005159)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR08655, P41RR013642, RR12169, RR 13642, C06RR012169)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01HD035470)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, irony comprehension, pragmatic impairment, prosody, context, communicative intention, right inferior frontal gyrus, temporal lobe, social cognition, children, neural circuits, sarcasm
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Brain Mapping, Child, Communication, Cues, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Intelligence, Interpersonal Relations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Psycholinguistics, Social Perception, Temporal Lobe, Comprehension
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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