ToppGene Suite for gene list enrichment analysis and candidate gene prioritization
Open accessAbstract
ToppGene Suite (http://toppgene.cchmc.org; this web site is free and open to all users and does not require a login to access) is a one-stop portal for (i) gene list functional enrichment, (ii) candidate gene prioritization using either functional annotations or network analysis and (iii) identification and prioritization of novel disease candidate genes in the interactome. Functional annotation-based disease candidate gene prioritization uses a fuzzy-based similarity measure to compute the similarity between any two genes based on semantic annotations. The similarity scores from individual features are combined into an overall score using statistical meta-analysis. A P-value of each annotation of a test gene is derived by random sampling of the whole genome. The protein-protein interaction network (PPIN)-based disease candidate gene prioritization uses social and Web networks analysis algorithms (extended versions of the PageRank and HITS algorithms, and the K-Step Markov method). We demonstrate the utility of ToppGene Suite using 20 recently reported GWAS-based gene-disease associations (including novel disease genes) representing five diseases. ToppGene ranked 19 of 20 (95%) candidate genes within the top 20%, while ToppNet ranked 12 of 16 (75%) candidate genes among the top 20%.
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ToppGene was used to calculate p-values from hypergeometric tests, corrected for multiple comparisons.
“ToppGene (https://toppgene.cchmc.org) portal24 was used to access an extensive list of databases, and to calculate p-values from hypergeometric tests, corrected for multiple comparisons.”
From Canonical genetic signatures of the adult human brain (2015) · cites this paper as [24]
Gene ontology analysis reported "regulation of cell death" as the top significantly enriched biological process for genes more highly expressed in warm-dissociated kidneys (22 genes, FDR = 1.7E−7).
“Gene ontology analysis with ToppGene [28] reported “regulation of cell death” as the top significantly enriched biological process for the genes more highly expressed in warm-dissociated kidneys (an overlap of 22 genes, FDR = 1.7E−7, see Additional file 1).”
From Systematic assessment of tissue dissociation and storage biases in single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq workflows (2020) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Chen, J., Bardes, E. E., Aronow, B. J., & Jegga, A. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jegga, A. G.
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-05-22
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- Web Server
- Pages
- W305-W311
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- PMC
- PMC2703978
- OpenAlex
- W2124649657
- Cited by
- 2,952
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 120 · 2025: 209 · 2024: 238 · 2023: 259 · 2022: 313 · 2021: 329 · 2020: 308 · 2019: 264 · 2018: 231 · 2017: 156 · 2016: 114 · 2015: 125 · 2014: 91 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 17.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nucleic Acids Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1U01 DK70219, U01DK070219, P30DK078392)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Keywords
- candidate gene prioritization, protein-protein interaction network, fuzzy similarity measure, semantic annotation, PageRank, HITS algorithm, gene-disease association, genome-wide association study
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease, Genes, Humans, Proteins, Software, Internet, Protein Interaction Mapping, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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