Acceptance and Efficacy of Metacognitive Training (MCT) on Positive Symptoms and Delusions in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis Taking Into Account Important Moderators
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Metacognitive training (MCT) is a new, widely used intervention for psychosis. The present meta-analysis examines the efficacy of MCT in schizophrenia. Fifteen studies comparing effects of MCT on positive symptoms, delusions or acceptance of MCT with a control group were included in this meta-analysis. These studies comprised a total of 408 patients in the MCT condition and 399 in the control condition. The moderating effects of masking of outcome assessment, randomization, incomplete outcome data, use of an active control intervention, and individual vs group MCT were investigated. Possible effects of sensitivity analyses and publication bias were also examined. The results show a significant overall effect of MCT for positive symptoms (g = -0.34, 95% CI [-0.53, -0.15]), delusions (g = -0.41, 95% CI [-0.74, -0.07]) and acceptance of the intervention (g = -0.84, 95% CI [-1.37, -0.31]). Using only studies being at low risk for bias regarding randomization, masking and incomplete outcome data reduced effect sizes for positive symptoms and delusions (g = -0.28, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.06] and g = -0.18, 95% CI [-0.43, 0.06]), respectively. This meta-analysis demonstrates that MCT exerts a small to moderate effect on delusions and positive symptoms and a large effect on acceptance of the intervention. The effect on delusions is reduced, but remains significant when potential biases are considered.
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Two meta-analyses of MCT for psychosis showed a moderate postintervention effect of g = −0.34 and g = −0.38.
“Two meta-analyses of MCT showed a moderate postintervention effect of g = − 0.34 [41] and g = − 0.38 [40].”
From Metacognitive Training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [41]
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Is metacognitive training for psychosis effective?
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Computational mechanisms underlying illusion of control in delusional individuals
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The Metacognitive Training for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A pilot study
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- Authors
- Eichner, C., & Berna, F.
- Affiliations
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Berna, Fabrice
- ORCID
- Berna, Fabrice
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-01-08
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 952-962
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC4903058
- OpenAlex
- W2226563784
- Cited by
- 218
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- metacognitive training, schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Metacognition, Cognitive Remediation, Delusions, Humans, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic, Outcome Assessment, Health Care
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