Cited by 838Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsCognitive Abilities and Testing

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Cognitive Reserve and Alzheimer Disease

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Stern, Yaakov·2006·Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders

DOI 10.1097/01.wad.0000213815.20177.19

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Abstract

Epidemiologic evidence suggests that individuals with higher IQ, education, occupational attainment, or participation in leisure activities have a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD). The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) posits that individual differences in how tasks are processed provide differential reserve against brain pathology or age-related changes. This may take 2 forms. In neural reserve, preexisting brain networks that are more efficient or have greater capacity may be less susceptible to disruption. In neural compensation, alternate networks may compensate for pathology's disruption of preexisting networks. Imaging studies have begun to identify the neural substrate of CR. Because CR may modulate the clinical expression of AD pathology, it is an important consideration in studies of "preclinical" AD and treatment studies. There is also the possibility that directly enhancing CR may help forestall the diagnosis of AD.

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Authors: Stern, Y.
Affiliations: Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Stern, Yaakov
ORCID: Stern, Yaakov
Venue: Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2006-04
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 112-117
ISSN: 0893-0341 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/01.wad.0000213815.20177.19
OpenAlex: W2161117035
Semantic Scholar: 5b032763dd33290793fbc1542564e3e9ca00b588
Cited by: 838
References: 74
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 77 · 2012: 64
FWCI: 5.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
doi.org
Locations: Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (R01AG026158, R01-AG26158)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Keywords: cognitive reserve, Alzheimer's disease, neural reserve, neural compensation, brain networks, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, educational attainment, intelligence, occupational attainment, leisure
MeSH terms: Achievement, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Individuality, Intelligence, Leisure Activities, Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Regional Blood Flow, Risk, Disease Progression

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