RPT2 Is a Signal Transducer Involved in Phototropic Response and Stomatal Opening by Association with Phototropin 1 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Open accessAbstract
Phototropin 1 (phot1) and phot2, which are blue light receptor kinases, function in blue light-induced hypocotyl phototropism, chloroplast relocation, and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Previous studies have shown that the proteins RPT2 (for ROOT PHOTOTROPISM2) and NPH3 (for NONPHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL3) transduce signals downstream of phototropins to induce the phototropic response. However, the involvement of RPT2 and NPH3 in stomatal opening and in chloroplast relocation mediated by phot1 and phot2 was unknown. Genetic analysis of the rpt2 mutant and of a series of double mutants indicates that RPT2 is involved in the phot1-induced phototropic response and stomatal opening but not in chloroplast relocation or phot2-induced movements. Biochemical analyses indicate that RPT2 is purified in the crude microsomal fraction, as well as phot1 and NPH3, and that RPT2 makes a complex with phot1 in vivo. On the other hand, NPH3 is not necessary for stomatal opening or chloroplast relocation. Thus, these results suggest that phot1 and phot2 choose different signal transducers to induce three responses: phototropic response of hypocotyl, stomatal opening, and chloroplast relocation.
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RPT2 is localized to the plasma membrane and forms a complex with PHOT1 and NPH3 in vivo.
“RPT2 is localized to the plasma membrane and forms a complex with PHOT1 and NPH3 in vivo (Inada et al., 2004).”
From The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants (2022) · cites this paper as Inada et al., 2004
In “RPT2 Makes a Complex with phot1 in Vivo” (page unavailable), RPT2 is found in a crude microsomal fraction that includes the plasma membrane, and phot1 is co-immunoprecipitated with RPT2. That fractionation does not establish plasma-membrane localization specifically. The section explicitly says that interaction with NPH3 in vivo was not observed; RPT2–NPH3 binding was shown in yeast, not as part of an in-vivo complex. (LLM, conf=0.92)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNPH3, RPT2, and PKS1 interact with PHOT1 and participate in the regulation of hypocotyl phototropism.
“Interaction screening revealed that NPH3, RPT2, and PKS1 interact with PHOT1 and participate in the regulation of hypocotyl phototropism (Motchoulski and Liscum, 1999; Harper et al., 2000; Inada et al., 2004).”
From The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants (2022) · cites this paper as Inada et al., 2004
Low-fluence blue light can induce phototropism in rpt2 mutants but the phototropism gradually weakens with increasing blue light, indicating that RPT2 promotes phototropism in Arabidopsis under blue light.
“Low-fluence blue light can induce phototropism in rpt2 mutants but the phototropism gradually weakens with increasing blue light, indicating that RPT2 promotes phototropism in Arabidopsis under blue light (Sakai et al., 2000; Inada et al., 2004).”
From The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants (2022) · cites this paper as Inada et al., 2004
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- Authors
- Inada, S., Ohgishi, M., Mayama, T., Okada, K., & Sakai, T.
- Affiliations
- RIKEN (JP)
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Kyoto University (JP)
- ORCID
- Sakai, Tatsuya
- Venue
- The Plant Cell
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-03-18
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 887-896
- ISSN
- 1040-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-298X
- PMC
- PMC412863
- OpenAlex
- W2156376904
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 19.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Plant Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Light effects on plants
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Rpt2, phototropin 1, phototropin 2, stomatal opening, blue light signaling, signal transduction, NPH3, Arabidopsis thaliana
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, Chloroplasts, Eye Proteins, Flavoproteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Recombinant Proteins, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression, Genes, Plant, Arabidopsis, Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate, Phototropism, DNA, Plant, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Arabidopsis Proteins, Drosophila Proteins, Plants, Genetically Modified, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Macromolecular Substances, Cryptochromes
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