Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 342

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Customer loyalty and the effect of switching costs as a moderator variable: A case in the Turkish mobile phone market

Aydin, Serkan, Özer, Gökhan, Arasil, Ömer·2005·Marketing Intelligence & Planning

Abstract

Purpose: In the GSM mobile telephony sector, the main condition for protecting the subscriber base is to win customer loyalty, a key necessity for the maintenance of a brand's life in the long term. To achieve this aim, customer satisfaction and trust must be measured and “switching costs” identified. The latter render subscribers' preference for rival operators more expensive. In this connection, this paper's aim is to measure the effects of customer satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty, and the direct and indirect effect of “switching cost” on customer loyalty. Design/methodology/approach: The data set covered 1,662 mobile phone users in Turkey. The data were analyzed by moderated regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Findings: The findings of this study show that the switching cost factor directly affects loyalty, and has a moderator effect on both customer satisfaction and trust. Therefore, it plays a crucial role in winning customer loyalty. In short, it is a quasi moderator. However, switching costs was measured as a unidimensional factor, but switching costs in fact contains psychological, financial and procedural sub‐dimensions. Therefore, future research might measure the sub‐dimensions of switching costs and examine their moderating effects. Originality/value: With respect to the findings, trust has more importance than customer satisfaction in engendering loyalty, since trust contains belief in the brand, which provides positive outcomes not only in the present but also in the future. But customer satisfaction does not contain this dimension. So, the effect of trust on loyalty becomes greater than the effect of customer satisfaction. Therefore, any GSM operator who wishes to preserve its existing subscriber base should concentrate on winning its subscribers’ trust.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1108/02634500510577492

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 11 references

Research works printed but not linked: 52

  1. Anderson, E.W. (1996), “Customer satisfaction and price tolerance”, Marketing Letters, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 19‐30. · DOI · Paper page
  2. Anderson, E.W., Fornell, C. and Lehmann, D.R. (1994), “Customer satisfaction, market share and profitability: findings from Sweden”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58, pp. 129‐41. · DOI
  3. Anderson, J.C. and Gerbing, D.W. (1988), “Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two‐step approach”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 103, pp. 411‐23. · DOI · Paper page
  4. Anderson, J.C. and Narus, J.A. (1990), “A model of distributer firm and manufacturer firm working partnerships”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, January, pp. 42‐58. · DOI · Paper page
  5. Bloemer, J., Ruyter, K. and Wetzels, M. (1998), “On the relationship between perceived service quality, service loyalty and switching costs”, International Journal of Industry Management, Vol. 9 No. 5, pp. 436‐53. · DOI · Paper page
  6. Brady, M.K. and Robertson, C.J. (2001), “Searching for a consensus on the antecedent role of service quality and satisfaction: exploratory cross‐national study”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 51, pp. 53‐60. · DOI · Paper page
  7. Bruhn, M. and Grund, M.A. (2000), “Theory, development and implementation of national customer satisfaction indices: the Swiss index of customer satisfaction (SWICS)”, Total Quality Management, Vol. 11 No. 7, pp. 1017‐28. · DOI
  8. Burnham, T.A., Frels, J.K. and Mahajan, V. (2003), “Consumer switching costs: a typology, antecedents and consequences”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 109‐26. · DOI · Paper page
  9. Chaudhuri, A. and Holbrook, M.B. (2002), “Product‐class effects on brand commitment and brand outcomes: the role of brand trust and brand affect”, Brand Management, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 33‐58. · DOI · Paper page
  10. Downey, R.G. and King, C.V. (1998), “Missing data in Likert ratings: a comparison of replacement methods”, Journal of General Psychology, Vol. 125, pp. 175‐91. · DOI · Paper page
  11. Eber, N. (1999), “Switching costs and implicit contracts”, Journal of Economics, Vol. 69 No. 2, pp. 159‐71. · doi:10.1007/bf01232419
  12. Edvardsson, B., Johnson, M.D., Gustafsson, A. and Standvik, T. (2000), “The effects of satisfaction and loyalty on profits and growth: products versus services”, Total Quality Management, Vol. 11 No. 7, pp. 917‐27. · DOI · Paper page
  13. Eklöf, J.A. and Cassel, C. (2001), “Modelling customer satisfaction and loyalty on aggregate levels: experience from the ECSI pilot study”, Total Quality Management, Vol. 12 No. 7/8, pp. 834‐41. · DOI
  14. Erdem, T., Swait, J. and Jordan, L. (2002), “The impact of brand credibility on consumer price sensitivity”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 19, pp. 1‐19. · DOI · Paper page
  15. Farrell, J. and Shapiro, C. (1988), “Dynamic competition with switching costs”, Rand Journal of Economics, Vol. 19 No. 1, pp. 123‐37. · DOI · Paper page
  16. Feick, L., Lee, J. and Lee, J. (2001), “The impact of switching costs on the customer satisfaction‐loyalty link: mobile phone service in France”, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 35‐48. · DOI · Paper page
  17. Fornell, C. and Larcker, D.F. (1981), “Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 39‐50. · DOI · Paper page
  18. Fornell, C., Johnson, M.D., Anderson, E.W., Cha, J. and Bryant, B.E. (1996), “The American customer satisfaction index: nature, purpose, and findings”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, October, pp. 7‐18. · doi:10.1177/002224299606000403 · Paper page
  19. Fournier, S. and Yao, J.L. (1997), “Reviving brand loyalty: a conceptualization within the framework of consumer‐brand relationships”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 14 No. 5, pp. 451‐72. · DOI · Paper page
  20. Garvin, D.A. (1988), Managing Quality: The Strategic and Competitive Edge, Free Press, New York, NY.
  21. Gerpott, T.J., Rams, W. and Schindler, A. (2001), “Customer retention, loyalty and satisfaction in the German mobile cellular telecommunications market”, Telecommunications Policy, Vol. 25, pp. 249‐69. · DOI · Paper page
  22. Gronholdt, L., Martensen, A. and Kristensen, K. (2000), “The relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty: cross‐industry differences”, Total Quality Management, Vol. 11 No. 7/8, pp. 509‐14. · DOI · Paper page
  23. Guiltinan, J.P. (1989), “A classification of switching costs with implications for relationship marketing”, in Childers, T.L. et al. (Eds), AMA Winter Educators’ Conference: Marketing Theory and Practice, AMA, Chicago, IL, pp. 216‐20.
  24. Gundlach, G.T., Achrol, R.S. and Mentzer, J.T. (1995), “The structure of commitment in exchange”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 59, January, pp. 78‐92. · DOI · Paper page
  25. Hackl, P., Scharitzer, D. and Zuba, R. (2000), “Customer satisfaction in the Austrian food retail market”, Total Quality Management, Vol. 1 No. 7, pp. 999‐1006. · DOI
  26. Hauser, J.R., Simester, D.I. and Wernerfelt, B. (1994), “Customer satisaction incentives”, Marketing Science, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 327‐50. · DOI · Paper page
  27. Jacoby, J. and Kyner, D.B. (1973), “Brand loyalty vs repeat purchasing behavior”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 10, February, pp. 1‐9. · DOI · Paper page
  28. Johnson, M.D. and Fornell, C. (1991), “A framework for comparing customer satisfaction across individuals and product categories”, Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 267‐86. · DOI · Paper page
  29. Johnson, M.D., Gustafsson, A., Anreassen, T.W., Lervik, L. and Cha, J. (2001), “The evolution and future of national customer satisfaction index models”, Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 217‐45. · DOI · Paper page
  30. Jones, M.A. and Suh, J. (2000), “Transaction‐spesific satisfaction and overall satisfaction: an empirical analysis”, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 147‐59. · DOI · Paper page
  31. Jones, M.A., Beatty, S.E. and Mothersbaugh, D.V. (2002), “Why customers stay: measuring the underlying dimensions of services switching costs and managing their differential strategic outcomes”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 55, pp. 441‐50. · DOI · Paper page
  32. Kim, M., Kliger, D. and Vale, B. (2003), “Estimating switching costs: the case of banking”, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 25‐56. · DOI · Paper page
  33. Klemperer, P. (1987a), “Entry deterence in markets with consumer switching costs”, Economic Journal, Vol. 97, pp. 99‐117. · DOI
  34. Klemperer, P. (1987b), “The competitiveness of markets with switching costs”, Rand Journal of Economics, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 138‐50. · DOI · Paper page
  35. Klemperer, P. (1987c), “Markets with consumer switching costs”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 102, pp. 376‐94. · DOI · Paper page
  36. Klemperer, P. (1995), “Competition when consumers have switching costs: an overview with applications to industrial organization, macroeconomics and international trade”, Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 62, pp. 515‐39. · DOI · Paper page
  37. Krishnamurthi, L. and Raj, S.P. (1991), “An empirical analysis of the relationship between brand loyalty and consumer price elasticity”, Marketing Science, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 172‐83. · DOI · Paper page
  38. Kristensen, K., Martensen, A. and Gronholdt, L. (2000), “Customer satisfaction measurement at Post Denmark: results of application of the European customer satisfaction index methodology”, Total Quality Management, Vol. 11 No. 7, pp. 1007‐15. · DOI
  39. Lau, G. and Lee, S. (1999), “Consumers’ trust in a brand and link to brand loyalty”, Journal of Market Focused Management, Vol. 4, pp. 341‐70.
  40. Mak, B.L. and Sockel, H. (2001), “A confirmatory factor analysis of IS employee motivation and retention”, Information and Management, Vol. 38, pp. 265‐76. · DOI · Paper page
  41. Moorman, C., Deshpande, R. and Zaltman, G. (1993), “Factors affecting trust in market research relationships”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 57, January, pp. 81‐101. · DOI · Paper page
  42. Nunnally, J.C. (1978), Psychometric Theory, McGraw‐Hill, New York, NY.
  43. Oh, H. (1999), “Service quality, customer satisfaction and customer value: a holistic perspective”, Hospitality Management, Vol. 18, pp. 67‐82. · DOI · Paper page
  44. Oliver, R. (1997), Satisfaciton: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer, McGraw‐Hill, New York, NY.
  45. Palmer, A. (1998), Principles of Services Marketing, 2nd ed., McGraw‐Hill, New York, NY.
  46. Patterson, P.G. and Sharma, N. (2000), “Switching costs, alternative attractiveness and experience as moderators of relationship commitment in professional consumer services”, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 11 No. 5, pp. 470‐90. · DOI · Paper page
  47. Sharma, N. (2003), “The role pure and quasi‐moderators in services: an empirical investigation of ongoing customer‐service‐provider relationships”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 10 No. 4, pp. 253‐62. · DOI
  48. Sharma, N., Patterson, P.G., Cicic, M. and Dawes, P. (1997), “A contingency model of relationship commitment for professional consumer services”, Proceedings of the EMAC Conference, University of Warwick, Coventry, May, pp. 2026‐37.
  49. Shy, O. (2002), “A quick and easy method for estimating switching costs”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 20, pp. 71‐87. · DOI · Paper page
  50. Siguaw, J.A., Baker, T.L. and Simpson, P.M. (2003), “Preliminary evidence on the composition of relational exchange and its outcomes: the distributer perspective”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 56, pp. 311‐22. · DOI
  51. Yi, Y. (1991), “A critical review of consumer satisfaction”, in Zeithaml, V.A. (Ed.), Review of Marketing 1990, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp. 68‐123.
  52. Zedeck, S. (1971), “Problems with the use of moderator variables”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 76, October, pp. 295‐310. · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 342

Metadata

Authors
Aydin, S., Özer, G., & Arasil, Ö.
Venue
Marketing Intelligence & Planning
Publisher
Emerald
Published
2005-01-01
Volume
23
Issue
1
Pages
89-103
ISSN
0263-4503 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1534134546
Cited by
342
References
11
FWCI
13.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.emerald.com/insight/site-policies (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Customer loyalty and the effect of switching costs as a moderator variable: A case in the Turkish mobile phone market. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1108/02634500510577492
The paper
Aydin, S., Özer, G., & Arasil, Ö. (2005). Customer loyalty and the effect of switching costs as a moderator variable: A case in the Turkish mobile phone market. Marketing Intelligence & Planning. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634500510577492

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.