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Cited by 3,011

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Motivation Crowding Theory

Frey, Bruno S., Jegen, Reto·2001·Journal of Economic Surveys
DOI 10.1111/1467-6419.00150
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Abstract

The Motivation Crowding Effect suggests that external intervention via monetary incentives or punishments may undermine, and under different identifiable conditions strengthen, intrinsic motivation. As of today, the theoretical possibility of motivation crowding has been the main subject of discussion among economists. This study demonstrates that the effect is also of empirical relevance. There exist a large number of studies, offering empirical evidence in support of the existence of crowding–out and crowding–in. The study is based on circumstantial evidence, laboratory studies by both psychologists and economists, as well as field research by econometric studies. The pieces of evidence presented refer to a wide variety of areas of the economy and society and have been collected for many different countries and periods of time. Crowding effects thus are an empirically relevant phenomenon, which can, in specific cases, even dominate the traditional relative price effect.

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Metadata

Authors
Frey, B. S., & Jegen, R.
Venue
Journal of Economic Surveys
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2001-12
Volume
15
Issue
5
Pages
589-611
ISSN
  • 0950-0804 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-6419
DOI
10.1111/1467-6419.00150
OpenAlex
W3022009422
Cited by
3,011
References
0
FWCI
86.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.