Cited by 145Neuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyStress Responses and CortisolTryptophan and brain disorders

The homeostatic role of neuropeptide Y in immune function and its impact on mood and behaviour

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Farzi, A., Reichmann, F., Holzer, P.·2015·Acta Physiologica

Abstract

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), one of the most abundant peptides in the nervous system, exerts its effects via five receptor types, termed Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5 and Y6. NPY's pleiotropic functions comprise the regulation of brain activity, mood, stress coping, ingestion, digestion, metabolism, vascular and immune function. Nerve-derived NPY directly affects immune cells while NPY also acts as a paracrine and autocrine immune mediator, because immune cells themselves are capable of producing and releasing NPY. NPY is able to induce immune activation or suppression, depending on a myriad of factors such as the Y receptors activated and cell types involved. There is an intricate relationship between psychological stress, mood disorders and the immune system. While stress represents a risk factor for the development of mood disorders, it exhibits diverse actions on the immune system as well. Conversely, inflammation is regarded as an internal stressor and is increasingly recognized to contribute to the pathogenesis of mood and metabolic disorders. Intriguingly, the cerebral NPY system has been found to protect against distinct disturbances in response to immune challenge, attenuating the sickness response and preventing the development of depression. Thus, NPY plays an important homeostatic role in balancing disturbances of physiological systems caused by peripheral immune challenge. This implication is particularly evident in the brain in which NPY counteracts the negative impact of immune challenge on mood, emotional processing and stress resilience. NPY thus acts as a unique signalling molecule in the interaction of the immune system with the brain in health and disease.

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  • There is abundant evidence that the central NPY system affects stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression.

    “There is abundant evidence that the central NPY system affects stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression (for a review, see [181,182]).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Painsipp E Kofer MJ Farzi A Dischinger US Sinner F Herzog H Holzer P Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY protect from weight loss caused by Bacille Calmette-Guerin in mice Br J Pharmacol 2013 170 1014 1026 23992467 PMC3949650
  2. Smith PM Howitt MR Panikov N Michaud M Gallini CA Bohlooly-Y M Glickman JN Garrett WS The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis Science 2013 341 569 573 23828891 PMC3807819

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Authors
Farzi, A., Reichmann, F., & Holzer, P.
Affiliations
Medical University of Graz (AT)
Corresponding author
Farzi, A.
Venue
Acta Physiologica
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-01-09
Volume
213
Issue
3
Pages
603-627
ISSN
  • 1748-1708 (ISSN-L)
  • 1748-1716
OpenAlex
W2105584322
Cited by
145
References
236
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 6
FWCI
1.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Acta Physiologica (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Austrian Science Fund (P23097-B18, P25912-B23)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords
neuropeptide Y, immune function, mood disorders, depression, psychological stress, sickness behavior, neuroimmune interactions, NPY receptors, inflammation, stress resilience, immune homeostasis
MeSH terms
Affect, Animals, Behavior, Brain, Emotions, Homeostasis, Humans, Immune System, Inflammation, Neuropeptide Y, Obesity, Stress, Psychological, Signal Transduction, Receptors, Neuropeptide Y, Gastrointestinal Tract

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