Cited by 113Gut microbiota and healthTryptophan and brain disordersGastrointestinal motility and disorders

The Role of the Microbiome-Brain-Gut Axis in the Pathogenesis of Depressive Disorder

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Młynarska, Ewelina, Gadzinowska, Joanna, Tokarek, Julita, Forycka, Joanna, Szuman, Aleksandra, Franczyk, Beata, Rysz, Jacek·2022·Nutrients

Abstract

The role of gut microbiota and its association with the central nervous system via the microbiome-brain-gut axis has been widely discussed in the literature. The aim of this review is to investigate the impact of gut microbiota on the development of depression and underlying molecular mechanisms. There are two possible pathways in which this interaction might occur. The first one suggests that depressive disorder could lead to dysbiosis and one of the causes may be the influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The second one considers if changes in the composition of gut microbiota might cause depressive disorder. The mechanisms that could be responsible for this interaction include the secretion of neurotransmitters, gut peptides and the activation of the immune system. However, current knowledge on this topic does not allow for us to state an unambiguous conclusion, and future studies that take into consideration more precise stress-measurement methods are needed to further explore direct mechanisms of the interaction between gut microbiota and mental health.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [47]Bains N. Abdijadid S. Major Depressive Disorder StatPearls StatPearls Publishing Treasure Island, FL, USA 2021 Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559078/ (accessed on 5 December 2021)
  2. [52]Selye H. The Stress of Life McGraw-Hill New York, NY, USA 1978

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Authors
Młynarska, E., Gadzinowska, J., Tokarek, J., Forycka, J., Szuman, A., Franczyk, B., & Rysz, J.
Affiliations
Medical University of Lodz (PL)
Corresponding author
Młynarska, Ewelina
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-05-04
Volume
14
Issue
9
Pages
1921
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4225384750
Cited by
109
References
123
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 26
FWCI
2.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords
gut microbiota, depression, dysbiosis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotransmitters, gut peptides, immune activation, stress, mental health
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Brain-Gut Axis, Brain, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Dysbiosis

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