Development of an equation for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass in Japanese older adults using bioelectrical impedance analysis: Estimation of appendicular muscle mass
Abstract
AIM: Bioelectrical impedance analysis has been reported to have high reliability and accuracy in assessing body composition. However, equations for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass are population-specific, and few have been developed for older Japanese adults. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to develop and validate an estimate equation for appendicular skeletal muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis. METHODS: A total of 250 older adults aged 65 years and older participated in this study. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bioelectrical resistance was measured using a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Multiple regression analysis was applied to derive sex-specific estimation formulae using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and a Bland-Altman analysis was used to test agreement. RESULTS: The cross-validation results showed that the slopes and intercepts of the regression lines were approximately one and zero, respectively, and the coefficients of determination and standard errors of the estimate of the newly developed equations were similar between the two groups. Thus, the single sex-specific equations were developed using all participants as follows. Men: appendicular skeletal muscle mass=0.197 × (impedance index) +0.179 × (weight) -0.019 (R(2) =0.87, standard error of the estimate=0.98 kg). Women: appendicular skeletal muscle mass=0.221 × (impedance index) +0.117 × (weight) +0.881 (R(2) =0.89, standard error of the estimate=0.81 kg). CONCLUSION: These new equations offer a valid option for assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass in older Japanese adults.
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Out of the 26 available equations for elderly, three were developed using segmental technology.
“Out of the 26 available equations, 23 were developed with foot to hand technology [36, 38, 46, 49, 53, 63, 67, 89–93, 95, 97], while three equations were developed using segmental technology [68, 94].”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [94]
As for segmental technology for elderly, only appendicular LSM is currently possible to be determined using two equations suitable for both sexes.
“As for the segmental technology, only the appendicular LSM is currently possible to be determined using two equations suitable for both sexes [68, 94].”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [94]
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“Out of the 26 available equations, 23 were developed with foot to hand technology [36, 38, 46, 49, 53, 63, 67, 89–93, 95, 97], while three equations were developed using segmental technology [68, 94].”
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- Authors
- Yoshida, D., Shimada, H., Park, H., Anan, Y., Ito, T., Harada, A., & Suzuki, T.
- Affiliations
- Japan Foundation for Aging and Health (JP)
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Yoshida, Daisuke
- Venue
- Geriatrics & Gerontology International
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-01-23
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 851-857
- ISSN
- 1444-1586 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1585940818
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (H23-Choju-Ippan-001)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- appendicular skeletal muscle mass, bioelectrical impedance analysis, estimating equations, older adults, Japanese population, body composition, muscle mass assessment
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Japan, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Electric Impedance, Muscle, Skeletal
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