Cited by 515Obesity, Physical Activity, DietPhysical Activity and HealthPharmacology and Obesity Treatment

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Long-term effectiveness of diet-plus-exercise interventions vs. diet-only interventions for weight loss: a meta-analysis

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Wu, T., Gao, X., Chen, M., Van Dam, R. M.·2009·Obesity Reviews

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00547.x

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Abstract

Summary: Diet and exercise are two of the commonest strategies to reduce weight. Whether a diet‐plus‐exercise intervention is more effective for weight loss than a diet‐only intervention in the long‐term has not been conclusively established. The objective of this study was to systemically review the effect of diet‐plus‐exercise interventions vs. diet‐only interventions on both long‐term and short‐term weight loss. Studies were retrieved by searching MEDLINE and Cochrane Library (1966 – June 2008). Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of diet‐plus‐exercise interventions vs. diet‐only interventions on weight loss for a minimum of 6 months among obese or overweight adults. Eighteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Data were independently extracted by two investigators using a standardized protocol. We found that the overall standardized mean differences between diet‐plus‐exercise interventions and diet‐only interventions at the end of follow‐up were −0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI]−0.36 to −0.14), with a P‐value for heterogeneity of 0.4. Because there were two outcome measurements, weight (kg) and body mass index (kg m−2), we also stratified the results by weight and body mass index outcome. The pooled weight loss was 1.14 kg (95% CI 0.21 to 2.07) or 0.50 kg m−2 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.79) greater for the diet‐plus‐exercise group than the diet‐only group. We did not detect significant heterogeneity in either stratum. Even in studies lasting 2 years or longer, diet‐plus‐exercise interventions provided significantly greater weight loss than diet‐only interventions. In summary, a combined diet‐plus‐exercise programme provided greater long‐term weight loss than a diet‐only programme. However, both diet‐only and diet‐plus‐exercise programmes are associated with partial weight regain, and future studies should explore better strategies to limit weight regain and achieve greater long‐term weight loss.

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A systematic review with meta‐analyses of text message‐delivered behaviour change interventions for weight loss and weight loss maintenance
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Authors: Wu, T., Gao, X., Chen, M., & Van Dam, R. M.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Wu, T.
ORCID: Wu, T.
Gao, X.
Chen, M.
Venue: Obesity Reviews
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-04-24
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Pages: 313-323
ISSN: 1467-7881 (ISSN-L)
1467-789X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00547.x
OpenAlex: W2160779142
Semantic Scholar: 2e2c800320db9017115a2ee36508002f2df52542
Cited by: 515
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 3.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Obesity Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
Keywords: weight loss, obesity, overweight adults, long-term weight loss, body mass index, weight regain, combined diet and exercise
MeSH terms: Diet, Humans, Time Factors, Weight Loss, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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Long-term effectiveness of diet-plus-exercise interventions vs. diet-only interventions for weight loss: a meta-analysis

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