Negative outcome in psychotherapy: A critical review.

Mohr, David C.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.1995.tb00022.x

Cited by 330Psychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchCounseling Practices and Supervision

Negative outcome in psychotherapy: A critical review.

Mohr, David C.·1995·Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

DOI 10.1111/j.1468-2850.1995.tb00022.x

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Abstract

This article reviews literature on negative outcome in psychotherapy for adult, non-psychotic individuals. Patient, therapist, and therapy variables are examined, and tentative conclusions are drawn from the existing data. Patients who are borderline or obsessive-compulsive, have severe interpersonal difficulties, are poorly motivated, or who expect psychotherapy to be painless have been found to be at risk for deterioration. On the part of the therapist, lack of empathy, underestimation of the severity of the patient's problems, negative counter transference, poor technique, high concentrations of transference interpretations, and disagreement with the patient about the therapy process all have been associated with negative outcome. Cestalt therapies have produced higher rates of deterioration than other psychotherapy modalities. Issues in research methodology are discussed, including identification of negative responders, outcome measurement, identification of variables related to negative outcome, and the role that ethical dilemmas play in research.

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Authors: Mohr, D. C.
Affiliations: University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author: Mohr, David C.
ORCID: Mohr, David C.
Venue: Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1995
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-27
ISSN: 0969-5893 (ISSN-L)
1468-2850
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.1995.tb00022.x
OpenAlex: W2070633071
Cited by: 330
References: 93
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 6.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 7548 d)
Locations: Clinical Psychology Science and Practice (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
Keywords: treatment discontinuation, therapist empathy, countertransference, transference, patient motivation, borderline personality, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal problems, cognitive behavioral therapy, outcome measurement, research ethics

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Negative outcome in psychotherapy: A critical review.

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