Can resilience be developed at work? A meta‐analytic review of resilience‐building programme effectiveness

Vanhove, Adam J.; Herian, Mitchel N.; Perez, Alycia L. U.; Harms, Peter D.; Lester, Paul B.

doi:10.1111/joop.12123

Cited by 443Resilience and Mental HealthWorkplace Health and Well-beingStress and Burnout Research

Can resilience be developed at work? A meta‐analytic review of resilience‐building programme effectiveness

Vanhove, Adam J., Herian, Mitchel N., Perez, Alycia L. U., Harms, Peter D., Lester, Paul B.·2016·Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology

DOI 10.1111/joop.12123

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Abstract

Organizations have increasingly sought to adopt resilience‐building programmes to prevent absenteeism, counterproductive work behaviour, and other stress‐related issues. However, the effectiveness of these programmes remains unclear as a comprehensive review of existing primary evidence has not been undertaken. Using 42 independent samples across 37 studies, the present meta‐analysis sought to address this limitation in the literature by summarizing the effectiveness of resilience‐building programmes implemented in organizational contexts. Results demonstrated that the overall effect of such programmes was small ( d = 0.21) and that programme effects diminish over time ( d proximal = 0.26 vs. d distal = 0.07). Alternatively, moderator analyses revealed that programmes targeting individuals thought to be at greater risk of experiencing stress and lacking core protective factors showed the opposite effect over time. Programmes employing a one‐on‐one delivery format (e.g., coaching) were most effective, followed by the classroom‐based group delivery format. Programmes using train‐the‐trainer and computer‐based delivery formats were least effective. Finally, substantially stronger effects were observed among studies employing single‐group within‐participant designs, in comparison with studies utilizing between‐participant designs. Taken together, these findings provide important theoretical and practical implications for advancing the study and use of resilience‐building in the workplace. Practitioner points: Resilience‐building programmes have had a modest effect in the workplace. The effect is weaker than that associated with secondary prevention techniques, but similar to those shown for other primary prevention techniques. Across primary studies, programme effects diminished substantially from proximal (≤1 month post‐intervention) to distal time points (>1 month). However, among those at greater risk of experiencing stress or who lack protective resources, weak proximal effects became stronger when measured distally. To optimize the effectiveness of resilience‐building programmes, developers should carefully conduct needs assessments, identifying individuals at elevated risk. Methodological decisions (i.e., the use of within‐ vs. between‐participant designs) may have a substantial impact on the conclusions researchers draw regarding the effectiveness of resilience‐building programmes. When evaluating the effectiveness of resilience‐building programmes, researchers and practitioners should compare observed effects to estimates of mean effects across studies using similar evaluative designs.

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A meta-analysis of workplace-based resilience-building programs found an overall modest effect size, which decreased significantly over a one-month period post-intervention.
“A meta-analysis of workplace-based resilience-building programs found an overall modest effect size, which decreased significantly over a one-month period post-intervention (Vanhove etal., 2016).”
From Investigating state and trait aspects of resilience using Generalizability theory (2024) · cites this paper as Vanhove et al., 2016
Current resilience-building interventions have yielded inconsistent results.
“Despite its potential, current resilience-building interventions have yielded inconsistent results.”
From Investigating state and trait aspects of resilience using Generalizability theory (2024) · cites this paper as Vanhove et al., 2016
On the psychological outcome, digital mental health interventions have a comparable effect with other occupational interventions.
“suggesting that on the psychological outcome, digital mental health interventions have a comparable effect with other occupational interventions.”
From Improving Employee Well-Being and Effectiveness: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Web-Based Psychological Interventions Delivered in the Workplace (2017) · cites this paper as [66]

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Lester, P. B., Harms, P. D., Herian, M. N., Krasikova, D. V., & Beal, S. J. (2011) · doi:10.21236/ada553635 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mental health training with soldiers four months after returning from iraq: Randomization by platoon
Castro, C. A., Adler, A. B., McGurk, D., & Bliese, P. D. (2012) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21721 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Psychosocial Effects of the Boot Strap Intervention in Navy Recruits
Williams, A., Hagerty, B. M., Yousha, S. M., Horrocks, J., Hoyle, K. S., & Liu, D. (2004) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed.169.10.814 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The dark side of comprehensive soldier fitness.
Eidelson, R. J., Pilisuk, M., & Soldz, S. (2011) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0025272 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The Promoting Adult Resilience (PAR) Program: The Effectiveness of the Second, Shorter Pilot of a Workplace Prevention Program
Liossis, P., Shochet, I. M., Millear, P. M. R., & Biggs, H. C. (2009) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1375/bech.26.2.97 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The Primary Prevention of PTSD: A Systematic Review
Skeffington, P., Rees, C. S., & Kane, R. T. (2013) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299732.2012.753653 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Stress shield: a model of police resiliency.
Paton, D., Violanti, J. M., Johnston, P., Burke, K. J., Clarke, J., & Keenan, D. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 67 · see citing works
An experimental study of the impact of psychological capital on performance, engagement, and the contagion effect
Hodges, T. D. (2010) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Helping Police Officers to Cope with Stress: A Cognitive—Behavioral Approach
Sarason, I. G., Johnson, J. H., Berberich, J. P., & Siegel, J. M. (1979) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf00891964 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Stress management training for military trainees returned to duty after a mental health evaluation: Effect on graduation rates.
Cigrang, J. A., Todd, S. L., & Carbone, E. G. (2000) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.48 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Brief coaching for resilience during organisational change – an exploratory study
Sherlock-Storey, M., Moss, M. C., & Timson, S. (2013) · The Coaching Psychologist · doi:10.53841/bpstcp.2013.9.1.19 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A field study of critical incident stress debriefing versus critical incident stress management
Richards, D. A. (2001) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638230124190 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Functional assessment and positive support strategies for promoting resilience: Effects on teachers and high‐risk children
Stoiber, K. C., & Gettinger, M. (2011) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.20587 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Military Organizations and Programs Contributing to Resilience Building
Bowles, S. V., & Bates, M. J. (2010) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-10-00099 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Efficacy of a Cognitive-Behavioral Program to Improve Psychological Adjustment among Soldiers in Recruit Training
Cohn, A., & Pakenham, K. I. (2008) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed.173.12.1151 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
STARS: Strategies to Assist Navy Recruits' Success
Williams, A., Hagerty, B. M., Andrei, A., Yousha, S. M., Hirth, R. A., & Hoyle, K. S. (2007) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed.172.9.942 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Psycho-educational interventions designed to prevent deployment-related psychological ill-health in Armed Forces personnel: a review
Mulligan, K., Fear, N. T., Jones, N., Wessely, S. C., & Greenberg, N. L. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171000125x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Resilience Training in a Population of Deployed Personnel
Carr, W. S., Bradley, D., Ogle, A. D., Eonta, S. E., Pyle, B. L., & Santiago, P. N. (2013) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0094956 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Stress and Emotional Well-being in Military Organizations
Harms, P. D., Krasikova, D. V., Vanhove, A. J., Herian, M. N., & Lester, P. B. (2013) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s1479-3555(2013)0000011008 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness Program Evaluation. Report #4: Evaluation of Resilience Training and Mental and Behavioral Health Outcomes
Harms, P. D., Herian, M. N., Krasikova, D. V., Vanhove, A. J., & Lester, P. B. (2013) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citation
Pre-deployment stress briefing: does it have an effect?
Sharpley, J. G., Fear, N. T., Greenberg, N. L., Jones, M., & Wessely, S. C. (2007) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqm118 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Handbook of Stress, Medicine, and Health
Suedfeld, P. (1997) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199701000-00013 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Developing Resilience to Routine Separations: An Occupational Social Work Intervention
van Breda, A. D. P. (1999) · Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services · doi:10.1606/1044-3894.1774 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Voices of 9/11 First Responders: Patterns of Collective Resilience
Freedman, T. G. (2004) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-004-0538-z · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Long-term retention of learned skills: A review of literature
Naylor, J. C., & Briggs, G. E. (1961) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e503112009-001 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Exploring and Reducing Stress in Young Restaurant Workers: Results of a Randomized Field Trial
Petree, R. D., Broome, K. M., & Bennett, J. B. (2012) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.091001-quan-321 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Resilience to potential trauma: Toward a lifespan approach.
Mancini, A. D., & Bonanno, G. A. (2010) · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Skill Retention and Its Implications for Navy Tasks: An Analytical Review
Hurlock, R. E., & Montague, W. E. (1982) · doi:10.21236/ada114211 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Intensive Coping Skills Training to Reduce Anxiety and Depression for Forward-Deployed Troops
Jones, D. E., Perkins, K. A., Cook, J. H., & Ong, A. L. (2008) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed.173.3.241 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Designing Training for Temporal and Adaptive Transfer: A Comparative Evaluation of Three Training Methods for Process Control Tasks
Kluge, A., Sauer, J., Burkolter, D., & Ritzmann, S. (2010) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.2190/ec.43.3.d · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Helping American soldiers in time of war: Reply to comments on the comprehensive soldier fitness special issue.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0025156 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Teaching Mental Skills for Self-Esteem Enhancement in a Military Healthcare Setting.
Hammermeister, J., Pickering, M. A., & Ohlson, C. (2009) · Journal of instructional psychology · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Evaluating an intervention
Katz, M. H. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511712074.004 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

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Much ado about grit: A meta-analytic synthesis of the grit literature
Credé, M., Tynan, M. C., & Harms, P. D. (2017) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000102 · Cited by 1,653 · see citing works
“Meta-analytic evidence suggests similar effects for resilience interventions in working populations (Vanhove, Herian, Perez, Harms, & Lester, 2015).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Findings All Psychologists Should Know From the New Science on Subjective Well-Being
Diener, E., Heintzelman, S. J., Kushlev, K., Tay, L., Wirtz, D., Lutes, L., & Oishi, S. (2017) · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/cap0000063 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
“Although a follow-up of the participants from one of the loving-kindness meditation intervention mentioned above showed that the gains in positive feelings held 15 months later (Cohn & Fredrickson, 2010), most studies in the meta-analysis did not show such lasting effects (Vanhove et al., 2016).”
Background
Intervention studies to foster resilience—A systematic review and proposal for a resilience framework in future intervention studies
Chmitorz, A., Kunzler, A., Helmreich, I., Tüscher, O., Kalisch, R., Kubiak, T., Wessa, M., & Lieb, K. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.002 · Cited by 663 · see citing works
Leadership and stress: A meta-analytic review
Harms, P. D., Credé, M., Tynan, M., Leon, M., & Jeung, W. (2017) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.006 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Self-citation
Resilience in the Workplace: A Multilevel Review and Synthesis
Hartmann, S., Weiß, M., Newman, A., & Hoegl, M. (2019) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12191 · Cited by 572 · see citing works
How Much Do We Really Know About Employee Resilience?
Britt, T. W., Shen, W., Sinclair, R. R., Grossman, M. R., & Klieger, D. M. (2016) · Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1017/iop.2015.107 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Improving Employee Well-Being and Effectiveness: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Web-Based Psychological Interventions Delivered in the Workplace
Carolan, S., Harris, P. R., & Cavanagh, K. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7583 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
“29) [66] and health promotion in the workplace programs (depression: g=0.”
Influential
Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare professionals
Kunzler, A. M., Helmreich, I., Chmitorz, A., König, J., Binder, H., Wessa, M., & Lieb, K. (2020) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012527.pub2 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Resilience and mental health nursing: An integrative review of international literature
Foster, K., Roche, M., Delgado, C., Cuzzillo, C., Giandinoto, J., & Furness, T. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12548 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Employee resilience: Directions for resilience development.
Kuntz, J., Malinen, S. K., & Näswall, K. (2017) · Consulting psychology journal · doi:10.1037/cpb0000097 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
The Importance of Definitional and Temporal Issues in the Study of Resilience
Fisher, D. M., Ragsdale, J. M., & Fisher, E. C. S. (2019) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12162 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Employee resilience: development and validation of a measure
Näswall, K., Malinen, S. K., Kuntz, J., & Hodliffe, M. (2019) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/jmp-02-2018-0102 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Information overload and fake news sharing: A transactional stress perspective exploring the mitigating role of consumers’ resilience during COVID-19
Bermes, A. (2021) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102555 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Psychological interventions for resilience enhancement in adults
Helmreich, I., Kunzler, A., Chmitorz, A., König, J., Binder, H., Wessa, M., & Lieb, K. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012527 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
How resilience is strengthened by exposure to stressors: the systematic self-reflection model of resilience strengthening
Crane, M. F., Searle, B. J., Kangas, M., & Nwiran, Y. (2018) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2018.1506640 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Building employee resilience through wellbeing in organizations
Tonkin, K., Malinen, S. K., Näswall, K., & Kuntz, J. (2018) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.21306 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Workplace team resilience: A systematic review and conceptual development
Hartwig, A., Clarke, S., Johnson, S. J., & Willis, S. M. (2020) · Organizational Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/2041386620919476 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
“Although there is a substantial number of reviews that have critically reviewed the resilience construct within various disciplines (e.g., Aburn et al., 2016; Ahern et al., 2006; Bonanno & Diminich, 2013; Vanhove et al., 2016), workplace resilience has played a minor role in previously published reviews.”
BackgroundInfluential
Increasing Psychological Capital: A Pre‐Registered Meta‐Analysis of Controlled Interventions
Lupșa, D., Vîrgă, D., Maricutoiu, L. P., & Rusu, A. (2019) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12219 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare students
Kunzler, A. M., Helmreich, I., König, J., Chmitorz, A., Wessa, M., Binder, H., & Lieb, K. (2020) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013684 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Stressing the relevance of resilience: a systematic review of resilience across the domains of sport and work
Bryan, C., O’Shea, D. E., & Macintyre, T. E. (2017) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2017.1381140 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“…influenced by both stationary trait factors (e.g. positive personality) and malleable state factors (e.g. social resources; Fletcher & Sarkar, 2016; Vanhove et al., 2016), which may react differently depending on both the magnitude of, and exposure to, adversity (Biron, Ivers, Brun, & Cooper,…”
Background
Evidence of Workplace Interventions—A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews
Pieper, C., Schröer, S., & Eilerts, A.-L. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16193553 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Building Resilience for Palliative Care Clinicians: An Approach to Burnout Prevention Based on Individual Skills and Workplace Factors
Back, A. L., Steinhauser, K. E., Kamal, A. H., & Jackson, V. A. (2016) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.02.002 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Career Resilience: An Integrated Review of the Empirical Literature
Mishra, P., & McDonald, K. S. (2017) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484317719622 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
The Role of Peer Support in Managing Occupational Stress: A Qualitative Study of the Sustaining Resilience at Work Intervention
Agarwal, B., Brooks, S. K., & Greenberg, N. L. (2019) · Workplace Health & Safety · doi:10.1177/2165079919873934 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Employees’ Perspectives on the Facilitators and Barriers to Engaging With Digital Mental Health Interventions in the Workplace: Qualitative Study
Carolan, S., & de Visser, R. O. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.9146 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
“There is evidence that these conditions can be successfully prevented and treated in the workplace [11-14], but take-up of psychological treatments among workers is low, resulting in many workers going untreated [2,15,16].”
Adaptation in the Face of the New Normal
Mithani, M. A. (2020) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2019.0054 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Influence of Personality Traits and Moral Values on Employee Well‐Being, Resilience and Performance: A Cross‐National Study
Athota, V. S., Budhwar, P. S., & Malik, A. (2019) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12198 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Resilience in Times of Global Pandemic: Steering Recovery and Thriving Trajectories
Kuntz, J. (2020) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12296 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“…initiatives, practices, and systems linked to inherent resilience capability, including wellbeing and resilience interventions (Tonkin et al., 2018; Vanhove et al., 2016), strengths-based competency development (Brunetto et al., 2019; van Woerkom et al., 2016), ongoing feedback and recognition…”
Background
Interventions to Promote Resilience in Cancer Patients
Ludolph, P., Kunzler, A. M., Stoffers‐Winterling, J., Helmreich, I., & Lieb, K. (2019) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0865 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“Several studies have already shown that resilience interventions in patient populations at risk for mental illness have positive long-term effects (24, 33).”
BackgroundResult
Work, life and COVID ‐19: a rapid review and practical recommendations for the post‐pandemic workplace
Chan, X. W., Shang, S., Brough, P. A., Wilkinson, A. J., & Lu, C. (2022) · Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1111/1744-7941.12355 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Toward a Work Motivation Conceptualization of Grit in Organizations
Jordan, S. L., Ferris, G. R., Hochwarter, W. A., & Wright, T. A. (2019) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/1059601119834093 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Mental Health and Work Attitudes among People Resuming Work during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in China
Song, L., Yong, W., Li, Z., Yang, Y., & Li, H. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17145059 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
“thus safeguarding employees’ mental health [18,21], enhancing their job satisfaction [22] and work engagement [23], as well as reducing turnover rate [24].”
Background
Weathering a Crisis: A Multi-Level Analysis of Resilience in Young Ventures
Anwar, A., Coviello, N. E., & Rouziou, M. (2021) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1177/10422587211046545 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“Compared to more stable personality traits, resilience is relatively malleable and thus susceptible to change and development (Luthans & Youssef, 2007; Vanhove et al., 2016).”
Background
Building resilience: The conceptual basis and research evidence for resilience training programs
Forbes, S., & Fikretoglu, D. (2018) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/gpr0000152 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
“In resilience-building programs targeted toward at-risk employees, the effects increased over time and were higher at the later follow-up point compared to immediately after the intervention (Vanhove et al., 2016).”
Result
Emotion Regulation and Resilience: Overlooked Connections
Kay, S. A. (2016) · Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1017/iop.2016.31 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Employee Wellbeing: Evaluating a Wellbeing Intervention in Two Settings
Keeman, A., Näswall, K., Malinen, S. K., & Kuntz, J. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00505 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“Traditional workplace wellbeing interventions have focused on individual stress management, but evidence suggests that traditional stress interventions are often ineffective in the long term and do not result in improved organizational outcomes (LaMontagne et al., 2007; Baumeister and Alghamdi, 2015; Vanhove et al., 2…”
Background
Construct Validity and Population-Based Norms of the German Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)
Kunzler, A. M., Chmitorz, A., Bagusat, C., Kaluza, A. J., Hoffmann, I., Schäfer, M., Quiring, O., Rigotti, T., Kalisch, R., Tüscher, O., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1027/2512-8442/a000016 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Conceptualizing and Creating Sustainable Careers
McDonald, K. S., & Hite, L. M. (2018) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484318796318 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The impact of perceived organizational support and resilience on pharmacists’ engagement in their stressful and competitive workplaces in Saudi Arabia
Al‐Omar, H. A., Arafah, A. M., Barakat, J. M., Almutairi, R., Khurshid, F., & Alsultan, M. S. (2019) · Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.08.007 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
“To deal with all of this successfully, pharmacists need to be resilient—a quality that is so important for boosting health and performance that some workplaces are now offering resilience-building programs (Vanhove et al., 2016).”
The Effectiveness of Interventions Aimed at Improving Well-Being and Resilience to Stress in First Responders
Wild, J., El-Salahi, S., & Esposti, M. D. (2020) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000402 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Interventions to foster resilience in nursing staff: A systematic review and meta-analyses of pre-pandemic evidence
Kunzler, A. M., Chmitorz, A., Röthke, N., Staginnus, M., Schäfer, S. K., Stoffers‐Winterling, J., & Lieb, K. (2022) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104312 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Workplace resilience and emotional labour of Australian mental health nurses: Results of a national survey
Delgado, C., Roche, M. A., Fethney, J., & Foster, K. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12598 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Strengthening resilience in military officer cadets: a group-randomized controlled trial of coping and emotion regulatory self-reflection training
Crane, M. F., Boga, D., Karin, E., Gucciardi, D. F., Rapport, F., Callen, J., & Sinclair, L. (2019) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000356 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Resilience as a moderator of the indirect effects of conflict and workload on job outcomes among nurses
Lanz, J. J., & Bruk‐Lee, V. (2017) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.13383 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Resilience and burnout in healthcare students and inpatient psychiatric nurses: A between-groups study of two populations
Abram, M. D., & Jacobowitz, W. (2020) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2020.10.008 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Efficacy of an internet and app-based gratitude intervention in reducing repetitive negative thinking and mechanisms of change in the intervention's effect on anxiety and depression: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Heckendorf, H., Lehr, D., Ebert, D. D., & Freund, H. (2019) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103415 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Risk factors associated with physical therapist burnout: a systematic review
Burri, S. D., Smyrk, K. M., Melegy, M. S., Kessler, M. M., Hussein, N. I., Tuttle, B., & Clewley, D. J. (2022) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2022.01.005 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Integrative review of the recent literature on human resilience: From concepts, theories, and discussions towards a complex understanding
Métais, C., Burel, N., Gillham, J. E., Tarquinio, C., & Martin‐Krumm, C. (2022) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.2251 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Pinto, T. M., Laurence, P. G., Macedo, C. R., & de Macedo, E. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754115 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Bolstering Workplace Psychological Well-Being Through Transactional and Transformational Leadership
Hannah, S. T., Perez, A. L. U., Lester, P., & Quick, J. (2020) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051820933623 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“Likewise, recent meta-analytic results suggest that training resilience within the workplace can have multiple benefits for organizations and employees (Vanhove et al., 2015).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
Intensive care nurses' well-being: A systematic review
Jarden, R., Sandham, M. H., Siegert, R. J., & Koziol‐McLain, J. (2019) · Australian Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.aucc.2018.11.068 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The Immediate and Sustained Positive Effects of Meditation on Resilience Are Mediated by Changes in the Resting Brain
Kwak, S., Lee, T. Y., Jung, W. H., Hur, J., Bae, D., Hwang, W. J., Cho, K. I. K., Lim, K., Kim, S. Y., Park, H. Y., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00101 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“Recent studies have suggested the importance of strengthening individuals’ resilience through appropriate interventions (Padesky and Mooney, 2012; van der Werff et al., 2013; Vanhove et al., 2015).”
Background
Thriving in scrubs: a qualitative study of resident resilience
Winkel, A. F., Honart, A. W., Robinson, A., Jones, A., & Squires, A. P. (2018) · Reproductive Health · doi:10.1186/s12978-018-0489-4 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Mental Health and Mental Illness in Organizations: A Review, Comparison, and Extension
Rosado-Solomon, E., Koopmann, J. M., Lee, W., & Cronin, M. A. (2023) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2021.0211 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
An evidence‐based approach to improving the quality of resource‐oriented well‐being interventions at work
Briner, R. B., & Walshe, N. D. (2015) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12133 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Solution-focused cognitive–behavioral coaching for sustainable high performance and circumventing stress, fatigue, and burnout.
Grant, A. M. (2017) · Consulting psychology journal · doi:10.1037/cpb0000086 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“For example, in a metareview of organizational interventions to build resilience, Vanhove et al. (2016) only found four resilience-building coaching studies that met the rigorous review criteria (Grant, Curtayne, & Burton, 2009; McGonagle, Beatty, & Joffe, 2014; Sherlock-Storey, Moss, & Timson,…”
Background
How to Choose a Measure of Resilience: An Organizing Framework for Resilience Measurement
Fisher, D. M., & Law, R. D. (2020) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12243 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Professional quality of life and psychological resilience among psychiatric nurses
Sükut, Ö., Şahin, G., Ayhan, C. H., & Albal, E. (2021) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12791 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
A group randomized control trial to test the efficacy of the Road to Mental Readiness (R2MR) program among Canadian military recruits
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Authors: Vanhove, A. J., Herian, M. N., Perez, A. L. U., Harms, P. D., & Lester, P. B.
Affiliations: University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
United States Army (US)
Corresponding author: Vanhove, Adam J.
ORCID: Vanhove, Adam J.
Harms, Peter D.
Lester, Paul B.
Venue: Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2015-04-25
Volume: 89
Issue: 2
Pages: 278-307
ISSN: 0963-1798 (ISSN-L)
2044-8325
DOI: 10.1111/joop.12123
OpenAlex: W2005393701
Cited by: 443
References: 126
Citations by year: 2026: 38 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 25.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology (publishedVersion)
Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Army (D10PC20006)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
Keywords: workplace resilience, occupational stress, absenteeism, counterproductive work behavior, primary prevention, secondary prevention, protective factors, coaching, trainer training, computer-based intervention, within-participant design, program effectiveness, needs assessment

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Can resilience be developed at work? A meta‐analytic review of resilience‐building programme effectiveness

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