Functional Anatomy of Biological Motion Perception in Posterior Temporal Cortex: An fMRI Study of Eye, Mouth and Hand Movements
Abstract
Passive viewing of biological motion engages extensive regions of the posterior temporal-occipital cortex in humans, particularly within and nearby the superior temporal sulcus (STS). Relatively little is known about the functional specificity of this area. Some recent studies have emphasized the perceived intentionality of the motion as a potential organizing principle, while others have suggested the existence of a somatotopy based upon the limb perceived in motion. Here we conducted an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment to compare activity elicited by movement of the eyes, mouth or hand. Each motion evoked robust activation in the right posterior temporal-occipital cortex. While there was substantial overlap of the activation maps in this region, the spatial distribution of hemodynamic response amplitudes differentiated the movements. Mouth movements elicited activity along the mid-posterior STS while eye movements elicited activity in more superior and posterior portions of the right posterior STS region. Hand movements activated more inferior and posterior portions of the STS region within the posterior continuing branch of the STS. Hand-evoked activity also extended into the inferior temporal, middle occipital and lingual gyri. This topography may, in part, reflect the role of particular body motions in different functional activities.
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The posterior superior temporal sulcus, involved in biological motion perception and socially relevant gaze cues, and the adjacent temporoparietal junction, involved in attributing beliefs to others, are critical for theory of mind.
“Moreover, neuroimaging evidence also implicates the posterior superior temporal sulcus, which is involved in biological motion perception, 223,224 including socially relevant directional cues such as the eye gaze of others, 225,226 and the adjacent temporoparietal junction, which is involved in the attribution of beliefs to others, 227 as critical for ToM ability.7,228,229”
From Systematic review of the neural basis of social cognition in patients with mood disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [225]
Specific regions in the medial prefrontal cortex and temporal cortex mediate empathic thoughts and collaborative behaviors.
“This research suggests that specific regions in the medial prefrontal cortex and temporal cortex mediate empathic thoughts and collaborative behaviors.”
From The human parental brain: In vivo neuroimaging (2011) · cites this paper as Pelphrey et al., 2005
Posterior insular circuitry, implicated in bodily sensory processes, may play a role in ASD-related abnormalities in sensory perception and integration.
“For example, posterior insular circuitry, implicated in bodily sensory processes (79), may play a role in the ASD-related abnormalities in sensory perception and integration (80).”
From Aberrant Striatal Functional Connectivity in Children with Autism (2011) · cites this paper as [79]
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Background
- Authors
- Pelphrey, K. A., Morris, J. P., Michelich, C. R., Allison, T., & McCarthy, G.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Duke University (US)
- Yale University (US)
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pelphrey, Kevin A.
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-03-02
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1866-1876
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2166959524
- Cited by
- 369
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 31.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Cognitive Neuroscience Society
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-05 286, R01MH005286)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1 T32 HD40127, T32HD040127)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- biological motion perception, superior temporal sulcus, eye movements, mouth movements, hand movement, somatotopic organization, intentionality, functional topography, inferior temporal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Eye Movements, Female, Hand, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motion Perception, Mouth, Movement, Social Behavior, Temporal Lobe
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