A Memory Retrieval-Extinction Procedure to Prevent Drug Craving and Relapse
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Disrupting Drug Memories: In drug recovery programs, conditioned responses to drug cues can be inhibited by extinction protocols. However, extinguished behavioral responses can return after renewed exposure to the drug itself, or to drug-associated paraphernalia, and sometimes these responses reemerge spontaneously. Attempts have been made to disrupt cue-memory reconsolidation or to strengthen extinction learning, but these efforts have often relied on pharmacological agents that either are not approved for human use or cause problematic side effects. Xue et al. (p. 241 ; see the Perspective by Milton and Everitt ) have tried to circumvent the limitations of pharmacological approaches in daily retrieval trials conducted in rats within the short timeframe of the “reconsolidation window” before the extinction sessions reduced drug-induced reinstatement, spontaneous recovery, and renewal of drug seeking. When translated to heroin-addicted humans, similar retrieval trials before extinction sessions impaired cue-induced heroin craving up to 6 months later. This retrieval-extinction procedure is thus a promising non-pharmacological treatment for addiction.
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Cue-induced responses, such as craving and approach tendencies evoked by drug paraphernalia, can be reduced by similar reconsolidation-update manipulations as those used in phobias.
“while cue-induced responses (e.g. craving, approach tendencies evoked by drug paraphernalia) can be reduced by similar reconsolidation-update manipulations as those used in phobias [153,154].”
From Multiple memory systems, multiple time points: How science can inform treatment to control the expression of unwanted emotional memories (2018) · cites this paper as [153]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Xue, Y.-X., Luo, Y.-X., Wu, P., Shi, H.-S., Xue, L.-F., Chen, C., Zhu, W.-L., Ding, Z.-B., Bao, Y.-P., Shi, J., Epstein, D. H., Shaham, Y., & Lu, L.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Xue, Yan-Xue
- Wu, Ping
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2012-04-13
- Volume
- 336
- Issue
- 6078
- Pages
- 241-245
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC3695463
- OpenAlex
- W2077594514
- Cited by
- 511
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 56 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 21.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 DA999999)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (ZIADA000434)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- memory retrieval, extinction, drug craving, relapse prevention, heroin addiction, drug-associated memory, reinstatement, renewal, spontaneous recovery, drug-seeking behavior, cue-induced craving, abstinence, non-pharmacological treatment
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Cocaine, Conditioning, Classical, Conditioning, Operant, Cues, Heroin, Extinction, Psychological, Heroin Dependence, Humans, Male, Memory, Protein Kinase C, Mental Recall, Recurrence, Self Administration, Time Factors, Behavior, Addictive, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Prefrontal Cortex, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Models, Animal, Rats
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