The Complexity of Zoonotic Filariasis Episystem and Its Consequences: A Multidisciplinary View
Open accessAbstract
Vector-borne transmitted helminthic zoonosis affects the health and economy of both developing and developed countries. The concept of episystem includes the set of biological, environmental, and epidemiological elements of these diseases in defined geographic and temporal scales. Dirofilariasis caused by different species of the genus Dirofilaria is a disease affecting domestic and wild canines and felines and man, transmitted by different species of culicid mosquitoes. This complexity is increased because Dirofilaria species harbor intracellular symbiont Wolbachia bacteriae, which play a key role in the embryogenesis and development of dirofilariae and in the inflammatory pathology of the disease. In addition, the vector transmission makes the dirofilariasis susceptible to the influence of the climate and its variations. The present review addresses the analysis of dirofilariasis from the point of view of the episystem, analyzing the complex network of interactions established between biological components, climate, and factors related to human activity, as well as the different problems they pose. The progress of knowledge on human and animal dirofilariasis is largely due to the multidisciplinary approach. Nevertheless, different aspects of the disease need to continue being investigated and cooperation between countries and specialists involved should be intensified.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The transmission period could be extended by heat islands and microenvironments such as buildings and parking lots retaining heat during the day, making extrinsic development of Dirofilaria larvae possible during the cold season.
“However, this period could be extended by the presence of heat islands, microenvironments such as buildings and parking lots retaining heat during the day. Consequently, the extrinsic development of Dirofilaria larvae becomes possible during the cold season [2, 42, 43].”
From Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in mosquitoes from Corsica Island, France (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
Bratislava is located in a very warm and dry area which favours incubation and development of Dirofilaria in mosquitoes.
“Bratislava is located in a very warm and dry area which favours incubation and development of Dirofilaria in mosquitoes [6].”
From Urbanization impact on mosquito community and the transmission potential of filarial infection in central Europe (2018) · cites this paper as [6]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Climate change and human health: present and future risks
McMichael, A. J., Woodruff, R. E., & Hales, S. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68079-3 · Cited by 2,585 · see citing works
Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic
Simón, F., Siles-Lucas, M., Morchón, R., González-Miguel, J., Mellado, I., Carretón, E., & Montoya-Alonso, J. A. (2012) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00012-12 · Cited by 834 · see citing works
Self-citationThe invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus: current knowledge and future perspectives
Bonizzoni, M., Gasperi, G., Chen, X., & James, A. A. (2013) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2013.07.003 · Cited by 697 · see citing works
Climate change and infectious diseases in Europe
Semenza, J. C., & Menne, B. (2009) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70104-5 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Chapter 4 Heartworm Disease in Animals and Humans
McCall, J. W., Genchi, C., Kramer, L. H., Guerrero, J., & Venco, L. (2008) · Advances in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(08)00204-2 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Canine and feline cardiopulmonary parasitic nematodes in Europe: emerging and underestimated
Traversa, D., Di Cesare, A., & Conboy, G. (2010) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-62 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Climate and Dirofilaria infection in Europe
Genchi, C., Rinaldi, L., Mortarino, M., Genchi, M., & Cringoli, G. (2009) · Veterinary parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.026 · Cited by 349 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…that the summer temperatures of nonendemic cold areas had reached a sufficient level for the extrinsic incubation of the larvae, allowing the calculation of the number of annual generations of Dirofilaria , and the length of the transmission period, at different geographic scales [7, 16, 114–116].”
Tabachnick, W. J. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.037564 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Orihel, T. C., & Eberhard, M. L. (1998) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.11.2.366 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Is heartworm disease really spreading in Europe?
Genchi, C., Rinaldi, L., Cascone, C., Mortarino, M., & Cringoli, G. (2005) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.009 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Dirofilarial Infections in Europe
Genchi, C., Kramer, L. H., & Rivasi, F. (2011) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2010.0247 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
One health: the importance of companion animal vector-borne diseases
Day, M. J. (2011) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-49 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Medlock, J. M., Avenell, D., Barrass, I., & Leach, S. (2006) · Journal of Vector Ecology · doi:10.3376/1081-1710(2006)31[292:aotpfs]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Host Manipulation by Parasites: A Look Back Before Moving Forward
Poulin, R., & Maure, F. (2015) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2015.07.002 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
What is new about animal and human dirofilariosis?
Simón, F., Morchón, R., González-Miguel, J., Marcos-Atxutegi, C., & Siles-Lucas, M. (2009) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2009.06.003 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat is happening outside North America regarding human dirofilariasis?
Simón, F., López-Belmonte, J., Marcos-Atxutegi, C., Morchón, R., & Martín-Pacho, J. R. (2005) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.033 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationPublic health aspects of dirofilariasis in the United States
Theis, J. H. (2005) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.007 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Capelli, G., Drago, A., Martini, S., Montarsi, F., Soppelsa, M., Delai, N., Ravagnan, S., Mazzon, L., Schaffner, F., Mathis, A., et al. (2011) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-188 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Sałamatin, R., Pavlikovska, T., Sagach, O., Nikolayenko, S., Kornyushin, V. V., Kharchenko, V., Masny, A., Cielecka, D., Konieczna-Sałamatin, J., Conn, D. B., et al. (2013) · Acta Parasitologica · doi:10.2478/s11686-013-0187-x · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Infectious Diseases of Dogs and Cats on Isabela Island, Galapagos
Levy, J. K., Crawford, P. C., Lappin, M. R., Dubovi, E. J., Levy, M. G., Alleman, R., Tucker, S. J., & Clifford, E. (2008) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.0034.x · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Epidemiology of heartworm: What is happening in South America and Mexico?
Labarthe, N., & Guerrero, J. (2005) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.006 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Public health issues concerning the widespread distribution of canine heartworm disease
Lee, A. C. Y., Montgomery, S. P., Theis, J. H., Blagburn, B. L., & Eberhard, M. L. (2010) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2010.01.003 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Possible ecology and epidemiology of medically important mosquito-borne arboviruses in Great Britain
Medlock, J. M., Snow, K. R., & Leach, S. (2006) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268806007047 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Little, S. E., Beall, M. J., Bowman, D. D., Chandrashekar, R., & Stamaris, J. (2014) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-257 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
A Novel Dirofilaria Species Causing Human and Canine Infections in Hong Kong
To, K. K., Wong, S. S. Y., Poon, R. W., Trendell-Smith, N. J., Ngan, A. H. Y., Lam, W. K., Tang, T. H., AhChong, A.-K., Kan, J. C.-H., Chan, K., et al. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01590-12 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
First report of the invasive mosquito species Aedes koreicus in the Swiss-Italian border region
Suter, T., Flacio, E., Fariña, B. F., Engeler, L., Tonolla, M., & Müller, P. (2015) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1010-3 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Vezzani, D., Eiras, D. F., & Wisnivesky, C. (2006) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.10.026 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Factors influencing U.S. canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) prevalence
Wang, D., Bowman, D. D., Brown, H. E., Harrington, L. C., Kaufman, P. E., McKay, T., Nelson, C. T., Sharp, J. L., & Lund, R. (2014) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-264 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
<i>Vulpes vulpes:</i> A Possible Wild Reservoir for Zoonotic Filariae
Magi, M., Calderini, P., Gabrielli, S., Dell'Omodarme, M., Macchioni, F., Prati, M. C., & Cancrini, G. (2008) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2007.0207 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Human dirofilariasis: an emerging zoonosis in India
Kini, R. G., Leena, J. B., Shetty, P., Lyngdoh, R. H., Sumanth, D., & George, L. (2013) · Journal of Parasitic Diseases · doi:10.1007/s12639-013-0348-8 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Movilla, R., García, C., Siebert, S., & Roura, X. (2016) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1686-z · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Spatial and temporal transmission risk of Dirofilaria immitis in Argentina
Vezzani, D., & Carbajo, A. E. (2006) · International Journal for Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.08.012 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
A seroepidemiologic survey of human dirofilariosis in Western Spain.
Simón, F., Muro, A., Cordero, M., & Martin, J. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationSerosurvey of Pathogens in Domestic Dogs on the Border of Noël Kempff Mercado National Park, Bolivia
Bronson, E., Emmons, L. H., Murray, S., Dubovi, E. J., & Deem, S. L. (2008) · Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine · doi:10.1638/2006-0046.1 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
CANINE HEARTWORMS IN COYOTES IN ILLINOIS
Nelson, T. A., Gregory, D. G., & Laursen, J. R. (2003) · Journal of Wildlife Diseases · doi:10.7589/0090-3558-39.3.593 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Latrofa, M. S., Dantas-Torres, F., Annoscia, G., Genchi, M., Traversa, D., & Otranto, D. (2012) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.10.038 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Luck, A. N., Evans, C. C., Riggs, M. D., Foster, J. M., Moorhead, A. R., Slatko, B. E., & Michalski, M. L. (2014) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1041 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Forecasting United States heartworm Dirofilaria immitis prevalence in dogs
Bowman, D. D., Liu, Y., McMahan, C. S., Nordone, S. K., Yabsley, M. J., & Lund, R. (2016) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1804-y · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Beaver, P. C., Wolfson, J. S., Waldron, M. A., Swartz, M. N., Evans, G. W., & Adler, J. L. (1987) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1987.37.357 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Is Wolbachia complicating the pathological effects of Dirofilaria immitis infections?
Kramer, L., Simón, F., Tamarozzi, F., Genchi, M., & Bazzocchi, C. (2005) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.011 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationMontoya-Alonso, J. A., Carretón, E., Morchón, R., Silveira-Viera, L., Falcón, Y., & Simón, F. (2016) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.12.005 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationMorchón, R., Bargues, M. D., Latorre, J. M., Melero-Alcíbar, R., Pou-Barreto, C., Mas-Coma, S., & Simón, F. (2007) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2007.0124 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationCanine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) detected in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in urban Melbourne
Marks, C. A., & Bloomfield, T. E. (1998) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00131-9 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Suzuki, J., Kobayashi, S., Okata‐Karigane, U., Matsuzaki, H., Mori, M., Chen, K.-R., & Iwata, S. (2015) · Parasite · doi:10.1051/parasite/2015002 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Simón, L., Afonin, A., López-Díez, L. I., González-Miguel, J., Morchón, R., Carretón, E., Montoya-Alonso, J. A., Kartashev, V., & Simón, F. (2014) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.027 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationKartashev, V. V., Afonin, A. N., González‐Miguel, J., Correa, R. A. S., Simón, L., Morchón, R., & Simón, F. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/858936 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationSeroprevalence of dengue in American Samoa, 2010.
Weinstein, P. M., Duncombe, J., Lau, C., et al. (2013) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 40 · see citing works
López, J., Valiente‐Echeverría, F., Carrasco, M., Mercado, R., & Abarca, K., V (2012) · Revista chilena de infectología · doi:10.4067/s0716-10182012000300006 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mosquito-borne heartworm Dirofilaria immitis in dogs from Australia
Nguyen, C., Koh, W. L., Casteriano, A., Beijerink, N., Godfrey, C., Brown, G. K., Emery, D. L., & Šlapeta, J. R. (2016) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1821-x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The case for a ‘one health’ approach to combating vector-borne diseases
Faburay, B. (2015) · Infection Ecology & Epidemiology · doi:10.3402/iee.v5.28132 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Vieira, L., Silvestre-Ferreira, A. C., Fontes-Sousa, A. P., Balreira, A. C., Morchón, R., Carretón, E., Vilhena, H., Simón, F., & Montoya-Alonso, J. A. (2015) · Journal of Helminthology · doi:10.1017/s0022149x14000352 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationPlasmin in Parasitic Chronic Infections: Friend or Foe?
González‐Miguel, J., Siles‐Lucas, M., Kartashev, V. V., Morchón, R., & Simón, F. (2016) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2015.12.012 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationOrbital Dirofilariasis in Iran: A Case Report
Tavakolizadeh, S., & Mobedi, I. (2009) · Korean Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.397 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Montoya-Alonso, J. A., Carretón, E., Simón, L., González-Miguel, J., García-Guasch, L., Morchón, R., & Simón, F. (2015) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.025 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationBajer, A., Rodo, A., Mierzejewska, E. J., Tołkacz, K., & Welc-Faleciak, R. (2016) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0816-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
First records of Dirofilaria repens in wild canids from the region of Central Balkan
Ćirović, D., Penezić, A., Pavlović, I., Kulišić, Z., Ćosić, N., Burazerović, J., & Maletić, V. (2014) · Acta Veterinaria Hungarica · doi:10.1556/avet.2014.021 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Borthakur, S. K., Deka, D. K., Islam, S., Sarma, D. K., & Sarmah, P. C. (2015) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1155/2015/265385 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Analysis of climate and extrinsic incubation of Dirofilaria immitis in southern South America
Cuervo, P., Fantozzi, C., Cataldo, S. D., Cringoli, G., y Sierra, R. M., & Rinaldi, L. (2013) · Geospatial health · doi:10.4081/gh.2013.64 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Molecular Study of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in Dogs from Tunisia
Rjeibi, M. R., Rouatbi, M., Mabrouk, M., Tabib, I., Rekik, M., & Gharbi, M. (2016) · Transboundary and Emerging Diseases · doi:10.1111/tbed.12541 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Morchón, R., Bazzocchi, C., López-Belmonte, J., Martín-Pacho, J. R., Kramer, L. H., Grandi, G., & Simón, F. (2007) · Parasitology International · doi:10.1016/j.parint.2006.10.003 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationMarconcini, A., Magi, M., Macchioni, G., & Sassetti, M. (1996) · Veterinary Research Communications · doi:10.1007/bf00366537 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Human subcutaneous/ocular dirofilariasis in the Russian Federation and Belarus, 1997-2013
Kartashev, V., Tverdokhlebova, T., Korzan, A., Vedenkov, A., Simón, L., González-Miguel, J., Morchón, R., Siles-Lucas, M., & Simón, F. (2015) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2015.02.017 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationCanine Heartworm in Southeastern of Iran with Review of disease distribution.
Khedri, J., Radfar, M. H., Borji, H., Azizzadeh, M., & Akhtardanesh, B. (2014) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Dirofilaria striata Infection in a North Carolina Child
Orihel, T. C., & Isbey, E. K. (1990) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1990.42.124 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Smout, F. A., Skerratt, L. F., Butler, J., Johnson, C. N., & Congdon, B. C. (2015) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.020 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Ectoparasites of Wild Canids from the Gulf Coastal Prairies of Texas and Louisiana
Pence, D. B., Custer, J. W., & Carley, C. J. (1981) · Journal of Medical Entomology · doi:10.1093/jmedent/18.5.409 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A Case Report on Oral Subcutaneous Dirofilariasis
Jayasinghe, R. D., Gunawardane, S., Sitheeque, M., & Wickramasinghe, S. (2015) · Case Reports in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1155/2015/648278 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Espinoza, E., Cordero, M., Muro, A., Lorente, F., & Simón, F. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman dirofilariasis in Japan.
Akao, N. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.2149/tmh.39-1-suppl_2-65 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Oi, M., Yoshikawa, S., Ichikawa, Y., Nakagaki, K., Matsumoto, J., & NOGAMI, S. (2014) · Parasite · doi:10.1051/parasite/2014008 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ilyasov, B., Kartashev, V. V., Bastrikov, N., Madjugina, L., González‐Miguel, J., Morchón, R., & Simón, F. (2014) · Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica · doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2014.04.002 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationSeroreactivity to Dirofilariaantigens in people from different areas of Serbia
Tasić-Otašević, S. A., Gabrielli, S. V., Tasić, A. V., MiladinovićTasić, N. L., Kostić, J. T., Ignjatović, A. M., Popović Dragonjić, L. D., Milošević, Z. G., Arsić-Arsenijević, V. S., & Cancrini, G. A. (2014) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-68 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
RECONSTRUCTING THE SPREAD OF DIROFILARIA IMMITIS IN CALIFORNIA COYOTES
Sacks, B. N., & Caswell-Chen, E. P. (2003) · Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.1645/0022-3395(2003)089[0319:rtsodi]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Filaria zoogeography in Africa: ecology, competitive exclusion, and public health relevance
Molyneux, D. H., Mitre, E. E. S., Bockarie, M. J., et al. (2014) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2014.02.002 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Canine dirofilariosis endemic in Central Europe—10 years of epidemiological study in Slovakia
Miterpáková, M., Iglódyová, A., Čabanová, V., Stloukal, E., & Miklisová, D. (2016) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-016-4989-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Prevalence ofDirofilaria immitisinfection in dogs in Henan province, central China
Wang, S., Zhang, N., Zhang, Z., Wang, D., Yao, Z., Zhang, H., Ma, J., Zheng, B., Ren, H., & Liu, S. (2016) · Parasite · doi:10.1051/parasite/2016054 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
<i>Dirofilaria immitis</i>in Tikuna Indians and their dogs in the Colombian Amazon
Vieira, C., Vélez, I. D., Montoya, M. N., Agudelo, S., Alvarez, M. I., Genchi, C., & Simón, F. (1998) · Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology · doi:10.1080/00034983.1998.11813270 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationDemiaszkiewicz, A. W., Polanczyk, G., Osińska, B., Pyziel, A. M., Kuligowska, I., Lachowicz, J., & Sikorski, A. (2014) · Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.5604/12321966.1129918 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Senanayake, M. P., Infaq, M. L. M., Adikaram, S. G. S., & Udagama, P. V. (2013) · Paediatrics and International Child Health · doi:10.1179/2046905512y.0000000024 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Man's best friend: How humans can develop Dirofilaria immitis infections
Malik, D. B., Amaraneni, A., Singh, S., et al. (2016) · IDCases · doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2016.03.003 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in sylvatic reservoirs of Krasnodar Krai (Russian Federation)
Kravchenko, V., Итин, Г. С., Kartashev, V. V., Ermakov, A. M., Kartashov, S., Diosdado, A., González‐Miguel, J., & Simón, F. (2016) · Veterinary Parasitology Regional Studies and Reports · doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.08.004 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationDelayed Diagnosis of Dirofilariasis and Complex Ocular Surgery, Russia
Ilyasov, B., Kartashev, V. V., Bastrikov, N., Morchón, R., González‐Miguel, J., & Simón, F. (2013) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1902.121388 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman dirofilariasis: raccoon heartworm causing a leg nodule.
Warthan, M. L., Tl, W., Hearne, R., et al. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Noden, B. H., & Soni, M. (2015) · Journal of the South African Veterinary Association · doi:10.4102/jsava.v86i1.1307 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Human Ocular Dirofilariasis in Hong Kong
Kwok, R. P. W., Chow, P. P. C., Lam, J. K. M., et al. (2015) · Optometry and Vision Science · doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000770 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Kido, N., Wada, Y., Takahashi, M., KAMEGAYA, C., Omiya, T., & Yamamoto, Y. (2011) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Science · doi:10.1292/jvms.10-0512 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Geographical information systems as a tool in the control of heartworm infections in dogs and cats
Rinaldi, L., Genchi, C., Musella, V., Genchi, M., & Cringoli, G. (2011) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.010 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Occult Dirofilariosis in Dogs of North Eastern Region in India.
Borthakur, S. K., Deka, D. K., Islam, S., & Sarmah, P. C. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Vector-Borne Infections in Tornado-Displaced and Owner-Relinquished Dogs in Oklahoma, USA
Barrett, A. W., & Little, S. E. (2016) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2015.1923 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Alvåsen, K., Johansson, S. M., Höglund, J., Ssuna, R. K., & Emanuelson, U. (2016) · Journal of the South African Veterinary Association · doi:10.4102/jsava.v87i1.1358 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
First Molecular Identification of Dirofilaria repens in a Dog Blood Sample from Guanajuato, Mexico
Ramos-Lopez, S., León‐Galván, M. F., Salas-Alatorre, M., Lechuga-Arana, A. A., Valencia-Posadas, M., & Gutiérrez-Chávez, A. J. (2016) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2016.1948 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Biswas, A., Reilly, P., Perez, A., & Yassin, M. (2013) · Respiratory Medicine Case Reports · doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2013.09.002 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Canine vector-borne infections in Mauritius
Lee, G. K. C., Ignace, J. A. E., Robertson, I., & Irwin, P. (2015) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0790-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dirofilaria immitis in Tikuna Indians and their dogs in the Colombian Amazon
(1998) · Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology · doi:10.1080/00034989860265 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Le, T. A., Vi, T. T., Nguyễn, K. L., & Le, T. H. (2015) · Korean Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.329 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Dirofilaria Presenting as Orbital Mass
Davis, R., Barsoumian, A. E., Mauffray, R. O., Caldwell, M. C., Drayna, P., & Crosson, J. N. (2014) · Orbit · doi:10.3109/01676830.2014.950299 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
FILARIOSIS HUMANA EN LA SELVA PERUANA: REPORTE DE TRES CASOS
Beltrán, M., Cancrini, G., Reátegui, G., Melgar, R., Ayllón, C., Garaycochea, M. D. C., Reyes, R., & Lammie, P. J. (2008) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Dirofilariasis Presenting as an Infiltrative Mass in the Right Buccal Space
Vélez-Pérez, A., Liang, L., Syklawer, E., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Surgical Pathology · doi:10.1177/1066896916653212 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
First detection of human dirofilariasis in South Africa
Moodley, K., Govind, C., Peer, A. K. C., van der Westhuizen, M., Parbhoo, D., Sun, L. M., du Plessis, D., & Frean, J. (2015) · Infectious Disease Reports · doi:10.4081/idr.2015.5726 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The first case report of suspected human dirofilariasis in the eyelid of a patient from Alexandria.
Hn, A., Dm, B., & Ir, I. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mapping and modeling Dirofilaria infections in Europe
Rinaldi, L., Musella, V., Marzatico, G., Mortarino, M., Genchi, C., & Cringoli, G. (2014) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-s1-o20 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Une étiologie inhabituelle de nodule de la main : la dirofilariose péritendineuse
Saied, W., Amara, K., Bouchoucha, S., Khaled, S., Mrad, K., Nessib, M. N., Smida, M., & Ghachem, M. B. (2010) · Chirurgie de la Main · doi:10.1016/j.main.2010.10.012 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Haro, A., Tamiya, S., & Nagashima, A. (2016) · International Journal of Surgery Case Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.03.023 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Marcos, R., Pereira, C., Maia, J. P. M. C., Santos, M., Luzzago, C., Lauzi, S., Genchi, C., Faustino, A., & Puente‐Payo, P. (2016) · Journal of Helminthology · doi:10.1017/s0022149x16000067 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Roundworm-associated median nerve compression: a case report.
Ramirez, J. M., Ramirez, M. A., Essilfie, A., et al. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Human pulmonary dirofilariasis.
Jagusch, M., Roberts, R. M., Rea, H. H., et al. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Bublitz, G. S., Serapião, M. J., Roberge, V. D., Coelho, K. M. D. P. A., & Serapião, C. J. (2012) · Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial · doi:10.1590/s1676-24442012000500012 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Subcutaneous Dirofilariasis in Nova Scotia
Haldane, D. J. M., Johnston, B., & Walsh, N. M. G. (1995) · Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1155/1996/378616 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Dirofilariasis in a 22-Year-Old Airman Deployed to the Mediterranean
Udall, D. N. (2011) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-10-00400 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Subcutaneous Dirofilaria repens infestation in non-descript canines
Leishangthem, G. D., Choudhury, A., Singh, N. D., & Bhosale, S. (2014) · Journal of Parasitic Diseases · doi:10.1007/s12639-014-0508-5 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- [18]Zimmerman G. L. Knapp S. E. Foreyt W. J. Erekson N. T. Mackenzie G. Soll M. D. Heartworm infections in dogs in Northwestern United States and British Columbia, Canada Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium '92 1992 Batavia, Illinois, USA American Heartworm Society 15 20
- [32]Genchi C. Basano F. S. Bandi C. Factors influencing the spread of heartworms in Italy: interaction between Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens 133 Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium ’95 1995 Batavia, Italy American Heartworm Society 65 71
- [61]Newcombe K. M. Ryan W. G. Prevalence of feline heartworm disease—a global review Proceedings of the WSAVA Granada, Spain
- [85]Takei D. Yamaki M. Noriyuki T. Pulmonary dirofilariasis Kyobu Geka 2015 68 1 76 79 2-s2.0-84941748591 25595164
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Laidoudi, Y., Davoust, B., Varloud, M., Niang, E. H. A., Fenollar, F., & Mediannikov, O. (2020) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04185-0 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Čabanová, V., Miterpáková, M., Valentová, D., Blažejová, H., Rudolf, I., Stloukal, E., Hurníková, Z., & Dzidová, M. (2018) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2845-1 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Seroepidemiological survey of human exposure to Dirofilaria spp. in Romania and Moldova
Ciuca, L., Simòn, F., Rinaldi, L., Kramer, L., Genchi, M., Cringoli, G., Acatrinei, D., Miron, L., & Morchon, R. (2018) · Acta Tropica · doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.07.012 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationA cardiac and subcutaneous canine dirofilariosis outbreak in a kennel in central France
Laidoudi, Y., Ringot, D., Watier-Grillot, S., Davoust, B., & Mediannikov, O. (2019) · Parasite · doi:10.1051/parasite/2019073 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in mosquitoes from Corsica Island, France
Younes, L., Barré-Cardi, H., Bedjaoui, S., Ayhan, N., Varloud, M., Mediannikov, O., Otranto, D., & Davoust, B. (2021) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04931-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Morchón, R., Rodríguez-Escolar, I., Lambraño, R. E. H., Agudo, J. Á. S., Montoya-Alonso, J. A., Serafín-Pérez, I., Fernández-Serafín, C., & Carretón, E. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13203251 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Human and Animal Dirofilariasis in Southeast of France
Laidoudi, Y., Otranto, D., Stolowy, N., Amrane, S., Santhakumari Manoj, R. R., Polette, L., Watier-Grillot, S., Mediannikov, O., Davoust, B., & L'Ollivier, C. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9071544 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Grosbois, A., Risco-Castillo, V., Davoust, B., Laidoudi, Y., Crozet, G., & Watier-Grillot, S. (2025) · Parasitology International · doi:10.1016/j.parint.2025.103105 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Laidoudi, Y., Medkour, H., Tahir, D., Dahmana, H., Marié, J.-L., Varloud, M., Mediannikov, O., & Davoust, B. (2021) · Parasitologia · doi:10.3390/parasitologia1030014 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Simón, F., González-Miguel, J., Diosdado, A., Gómez, P. J., Morchón, R., & Kartashev, V.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Salamanca (ES)
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Rostov State Medical University (RU)
- ORCID
- Venue
- BioMed Research International
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017
- Volume
- 2017
- Pages
- 1-10
- ISSN
- 1110-7243 (ISSN-L)
- 2314-6133
- 2314-6141
- PMC
- PMC5469992
- OpenAlex
- W2619356575
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- BioMed Research International (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Gredos (University of Salamanca) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Hispana (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Keywords
- zoonotic filariasis, dirofilariasis, Dirofilaria, Wolbachia, vector-borne diseases, mosquito vectors, climate change, human filariasis, multidisciplinary approach
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Climate, Dirofilaria, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Filariasis, Humans, Culicidae, Zoonoses, Wolbachia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
