The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Religiosity/Spirituality and Mortality
Abstract
Background: The relationship between religiosity/spirituality and physical health has been the subject of growing interest in epidemiological research. We systematically reviewed prospective observational cohort studies of the association between this potentially protective psychological factor and mortality using meta-analytic methods. Methods: We searched general bibliographic databases: Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PubMed (up to 20 March, 2008). Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics, quality, and estimates of associations. Random effects meta-analyses, subgrouping, and sensitivity analysis were performed. Results: There were 69 studies (28 articles) and 22 studies (11 articles) investigating the association between religiosity/spirituality and mortality in initially healthy populations and diseased populations, respectively. The results of the meta-analyses showed that religiosity/spirituality was associated with reduced mortality in healthy population studies (combined hazard ratio = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.76–0.87, p <0.001), but not in diseased population studies (combined hazard ratio = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.94–1.01, p = 0.19). Notably, the protective effect of religiosity/spirituality in the initially healthy population studies was independent of behavioral factors (smoking, drinking, exercising, and socioeconomic status), negative affect, and social support. We divided studies according to the aspects of religiosity/spirituality measure examined, and found that organizational activity (e.g. church attendance) was associated with greater survival in healthy population studies. Multi-dimensional aspects were related to survival in both the healthy and diseased populations. Religiosity/spirituality was negatively associated with cardiovascular mortality in healthy population studies. Conclusions: The current review suggests that religiosity/spirituality has a favorable effect on survival, although the presence of publication biases indicates that results should be interpreted with caution.
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In the citing paper
“are linked to a number of improved health and health-relevant outcomes among individuals with a variety of conditions such as cardiovascular disease (Chida et al., 2009), cancer (Laubmeier et al., 2004), and substance abuse (Geppert et al., 2007).”
From Advancing our understanding of religion and spirituality in the context of behavioral medicine (2017) · cites this paper as Chida et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“The evidence from rigorously designed population studies and from a seminal meta-analysis suggested the existence of an independent association between organizational religiosity (i.e., religious service attendance) and CVD mortality (Chida et al., 2009; Hummer et al., 1999; Oman et al., 2002).”
From Advancing our understanding of religion and spirituality in the context of behavioral medicine (2017) · cites this paper as Chida et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Overall, positive associations between RS and CVD were found in studies conducted among younger healthy individuals (Chida et al., 2009; Friedlander et al., 1986; Goldbourt et al., 1993; Hummer et al., 1999; Oman et al., 2002).”
From Advancing our understanding of religion and spirituality in the context of behavioral medicine (2017) · cites this paper as Chida et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Taken together, the above findings indicate that despite the earlier meta-analytical finding of an independent association between RS and CVD outcomes (Chida et al., 2009), the current evidence linking RS and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity remains inconclusive”
From Advancing our understanding of religion and spirituality in the context of behavioral medicine (2017) · cites this paper as Chida et al., 2009
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Chida, Y., Steptoe, A., & Powell, L. H.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 81-90
- ISSN
- 0033-3190 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0348
- OpenAlex
- W2019612427
- Cited by
- 409
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 3.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Spirituality and Leadership
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Religion and Society Interactions
- Keywords
- religiosity, spirituality, mortality, survival, church attendance, cardiovascular mortality, healthy population, publication bias
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Psychophysiology, Religion, Meditation, Spirituality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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