Religion and mortality among the community-dwelling elderly.
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OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the prospective association between attending religious services and all-cause mortality to determine whether the association is explainable by 6 confounding factors: demographics, health status, physical functioning, health habits, social functioning and support, and psychological state. METHODS: The association between self-reported religious attendance and subsequent mortality over 5 years for 1931 older residents of Marin County, California, was examined by proportional hazards regression. Interaction terms of religion with social support were used to explore whether other forms of social support could substitute for religion and diminish its protective effect. RESULTS: Persons who attended religious services had lower mortality than those who did not (age- and sex-adjusted relative hazard [RH] = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52, 0.78). Multivariate adjustment reduced this relationship only slightly (RH = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.62, 0.94), primarily by including physical functioning and social support. Contrary to hypothesis, religious attendance tended to be slightly more protective for those with high social support. CONCLUSIONS: Lower mortality rates for those who attend religious services are only partly explained by the 6 possible confounders listed above. Psychodynamic and other explanations need further investigation.
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Of the nine best cholesterol studies, five (56%) reported lower cholesterol or a lowering of cholesterol in response to an R/S intervention, whereas one found higher cholesterol but only in Mexican American men.
“Of the nine best studies, five (56%) reported lower cholesterol [311–313] or a lowering of cholesterol in response to a R/S intervention [314, 315], whereas one found higher cholesterol (but only in Mexican American men) [316].”
From Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications (2012) · cites this paper as [312]
The available study description reports religious-service attendance and five-year mortality among older Marin County residents, not cholesterol outcomes (study description, pp. 1469–1475; page of passage unspecified). Searches for cholesterol and Mexican American men found no passage addressing the higher-cholesterol finding attributed to this source. The cited-paper copy therefore does not verify that part of the sentence. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Oman, D., & Reed, D.
- Affiliations
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
- ORCID
- Oman, D
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 1998-10
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1469-1475
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC1508463
- OpenAlex
- W2035699317
- Cited by
- 350
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 15.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Religion and Society Interactions
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- religious service attendance, mortality, older adults, community-dwelling older adults, social support, physical function, health status, health habits, psychological state, confounding factors, Marin County
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, California, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Prospective Studies, Religion, Religion and Medicine, Religion and Psychology, Social Support, Health Behavior, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic, Proportional Hazards Models
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