Hospitalization type and subsequent severe sepsis

Prescott, Hallie C.; Dickson, Robert P.; Rogers, Mary A. M.; Langa, Kenneth M.; Iwashyna, Theodore J.

doi:10.1164/rccm.201503-0483oc

Cited by 181Sepsis Diagnosis and TreatmentClostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens researchGut microbiota and health

Hospitalization type and subsequent severe sepsis

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Prescott, Hallie C., Dickson, Robert P., Rogers, Mary A. M., Langa, Kenneth M., Iwashyna, Theodore J.·2015·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

DOI 10.1164/rccm.201503-0483ocPMC PMC4595694

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Abstract

RATIONALE: Hospitalization is associated with microbiome perturbation (dysbiosis), and this perturbation is more severe in patients treated with antimicrobials. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether hospitalizations known to be associated with periods of microbiome perturbation are associated with increased risk of severe sepsis after hospital discharge. METHODS: We studied participants in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study with linked Medicare claims (1998-2010). We measured whether three hospitalization types associated with increasing severity of probable dysbiosis (non-infection-related hospitalization, infection-related hospitalization, and hospitalization with Clostridium difficile infection [CDI]) were associated with increasing risk for severe sepsis in the 90 days after hospital discharge. We used two study designs: the first was a longitudinal design with between-person comparisons and the second was a self-controlled case series design using within-person comparison. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We identified 43,095 hospitalizations among 10,996 Health and Retirement Study-Medicare participants. In the 90 days following non-infection-related hospitalization, infection-related hospitalization, and hospitalization with CDI, adjusted probabilities of subsequent admission for severe sepsis were 4.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8-4.4%), 7.1% (95% CI, 6.6-7.6%), and 10.7% (95% CI, 7.7-13.8%), respectively. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of severe sepsis was 3.3-fold greater during the 90 days after hospitalizations than during other observation periods. The IRR was 30% greater after an infection-related hospitalization versus a non-infection-related hospitalization. The IRR was 70% greater after a hospitalization with CDI than an infection-related hospitalization without CDI. CONCLUSIONS: There is a strong dose-response relationship between events known to result in dysbiosis and subsequent severe sepsis hospitalization that is not present for rehospitalization for nonsepsis diagnoses.

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In a study of nearly 11,000 patients (Americans, mean age 77 years), the rate of severe sepsis was 3.3 times greater in the 90 days after hospitalization than during all times before or after this period.
“A recent publication examined admissions of nearly 11,000 patients (Americans, mean age 77 years) and reports a number of intriguing findings: 1) the rate of severe sepsis was 3.3 times greater in the 90 days after hospitalization (for all-cause hospitalization) than during all times before or after this period”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Prescott et al., 2015
In the same study, readmission to hospital for severe sepsis was significantly higher (30%-70% more) in patients initially admitted due to infection.
“and 2) readmission to hospital for severe sepsis was significantly higher (30%–70% more) in those patients who were admitted initially due to infection (Prescott et al., 2015).”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Prescott et al., 2015
When more than 10000 hospital inpatients were stratified according to estimated degrees of intestinal dysbiosis, a strong and consistent dose-response relation was found between disorder of the microbiome and subsequent development of severe sepsis.
“When more than 10000 hospital inpatients were stratified according to estimated degrees of intestinal dysbiosis, a strong and consistent dose–response relation was uncovered between disorder of the microbiome and subsequent development of severe sepsis.”
From The microbiome and critical illness (2016) · cites this paper as [99]

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[22]Prescott HC, Dickson RP, Rogers MA, Langa KM, Iwashyna TJ. Is dysbiosis a mediator of sepsis? Studying a nationally representative patient sample. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;189:A2192. [Google Scholar]

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Increased 1-Year Healthcare Use in Survivors of Severe Sepsis
Prescott, H. C., Langa, K. M., Liu, V. X., Escobar, G. J., & Iwashyna, T. J. (2014) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201403-0471oc · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Self-citation
Community-, healthcare-, and hospital-acquired severe sepsis hospitalizations in the University HealthSystem Consortium.
Page, D. B., Donnelly, J. P., & Wang, H. E. (2015) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000001164 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
76. Hospitalized Patients Have Microbiome Dysbiosis Linked to Post-Discharge Infection
Hinkle, C., Lin, H., Banogan, S., Cantoral, J., Jadczak, C., Sidebottom, A. M., Burgo, V., Imam, S., Odenwald, M. A., Landon, E. M., et al. (2026) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaf695.027 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Authors: Prescott, H. C., Dickson, R. P., Rogers, M. A. M., Langa, K. M., & Iwashyna, T. J.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Department of Internal Medicine and
Corresponding author: Prescott, Hallie C.
ORCID: Prescott, Hallie C.
Dickson, Robert P.
Rogers, Mary A. M.
Langa, Kenneth M.
Iwashyna, Theodore J.
Venue: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2015-09-01
Volume: 192
Issue: 5
Pages: 581-588
ISSN: 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
1535-4970
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0483oc
PMC: PMC4595694
OpenAlex: W1912521894
Cited by: 181
References: 58
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 3
FWCI: 11.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (T32 HL007749, R01 AG030155)
National Institute on Aging (U01 AG009740)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords: severe sepsis, dysbiosis, Clostridium difficile infection, infection-related hospitalization, antimicrobial exposure, older adults, Medicare claims data
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Female, Medicare, Hospitalization, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Patient Readmission, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, Incidence, Information Storage and Retrieval, Clostridioides difficile, Sepsis, Dysbiosis

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