Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcoholism: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Krebs, Teri S; Johansen, Pål-Ørjan

doi:10.1177/0269881112439253

Cited by 584Psychedelics and Drug StudiesSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcoholism: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Krebs, Teri S, Johansen, Pål-Ørjan·2012·Journal of Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1177/0269881112439253

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Abstract

Assessments of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the treatment of alcoholism have not been based on quantitative meta-analysis. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in order to evaluate the clinical efficacy of LSD in the treatment of alcoholism. Two reviewers independently extracted the data, pooling the effects using odds ratios (ORs) by a generic inverse variance, random effects model. We identified six eligible trials, including 536 participants. There was evidence for a beneficial effect of LSD on alcohol misuse (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.36–2.84; p = 0.0003). Between-trial heterogeneity for the treatment effects was negligible (I 2 = 0%). Secondary outcomes, risk of bias and limitations are discussed. A single dose of LSD, in the context of various alcoholism treatment programs, is associated with a decrease in alcohol misuse.

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In a meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials of psychedelic-assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder, participants treated with a single dose of LSD were significantly more likely than controls to show a reduction in alcohol misuse at the first reported follow-up, 1 to 12 months posttreatment, with an odds ratio of 1.96 favoring LSD.
“The meta-analysis demonstrated that participants treated with a single dose of LSD were significantly more likely than those in control conditions to show a reduction in alcohol misuse at the first reported follow-up, ranging from 1 to 12 months posttreatment, with an odds ratio of 1.96”
From Psilocybin-assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
In the same meta-analysis, LSD treatment was associated with a larger reduction in alcohol misuse and greater abstinence rates than commonly used alcohol use disorder medication (naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram).
“treatment comparison indicated a larger reduction in alcohol misuse and greater abstinence rates with LSD treatment than with commonly used AUD medication (i.e., naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram) [14].”
From Psilocybin-assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
In that meta-analysis, the effect of LSD on alcohol misuse did not remain statistically significant beyond 12 months.
“However, this effect did not remain statistically significant beyond the 12-month mark”
From A Narrative Review of Current and Emerging Trends in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [75]
A recent meta-analysis of six RCTs found that a single LSD dose had a significant positive impact on reducing alcohol misuse in the first 1 to 12 months following treatment.
“A recent meta-analysis, which examined six RCTs, revealed that a single LSD dose had a significant and positive impact on reducing alcohol misuse in the first 1 to 12 months following treatment.”
From A Narrative Review of Current and Emerging Trends in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [75]

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“Nevertheless, systematic reviews suggest that when administered in combination with psychological therapy, psychedelics were associated with impressive improvement rates in depression, anxiety and alcohol dependence (J. J. H. Rucker et al. 2016; Weston et al. 2020; Krebs and Johansen 2012).”
Background
Development of a Psychotherapeutic Model for Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Alcoholism
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Hallucinogen use predicts reduced recidivism among substance-involved offenders under community corrections supervision
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Authors: Krebs, T. S., & Johansen, P.-Ø.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Venue: Journal of Psychopharmacology
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2012-03-08
Volume: 26
Issue: 7
Pages: 994-1002
ISSN: 0269-8811 (ISSN-L)
1461-7285
DOI: 10.1177/0269881112439253
OpenAlex: W1973613743
Cited by: 583
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 39 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 3.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD, alcoholism, alcohol abuse, psychedelic therapy, alcoholism treatment, treatment efficacy
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcoholism, Combined Modality Therapy, Hallucinogens, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Substance Abuse Treatment Centers, Secondary Prevention

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Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcoholism: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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